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JOURNAL-HISTORY 



OF THE 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY i 



SAMUEL H. HURST 



LATE COMMANDER OP THE REGIMENT. 




CHILLICOTHE, OHIO 

1866. 



This volume has been prepared at the request of the 
Officers and Men of the Regiment whose history it attempts 
to record. Doubtless it has many errors and imperfections. 
The history of a regiment is so completely interwoven with 
the history of its brigade, division, corps, and army, that a 
general view of the movements of all is necessary to a just 
appreciation of the part borne by a single battalion. The 
writer presents the result of his labors, to the members and 
friends of the regiment, with the hope that it will be a val- 
uable record. 



CONTENTS 



Organization of the Regiment, ? 

Ordered to the Field, 11 

Forced Marches on Eomney and Moorfield, 12 

Return to, and Encampment at, Clarksburg, 14 

Change of Position to Weston, 15 

March across the Mountains, 15 

Battle at McDowell, 17 

Position at Franklin, 20 

The Army of the Mountains, 21 

Battle of Cross Keys, 24 

Return to Strasburg, 24 

Encampment at Middleton, 25 

Crossing the Blue Ridge, 26 

Camp Life at Sperryville, ..,.. 27 

Battle of Cedar Mountain, 2^* 

The Rapidan and the Rappahannock, 30 

Battle of Freeman's Ford, 31 

Artillery Duels, 33 



Vi CONTENTS. 

Movements of the two Armies, , 33 

Battle of "Second Bull Kun," 35 

In Front of Washington, 44 

On the War Path Again, 46 

Fairfax and Germantown, 47 

March to Falmouth, 48 

Battle of Fredericksburg, 48 

Encampment at Falmouth, 49 

" Burnside Stuck in the Mud," 50 

Move to Stafford Court House, 52 

The Spring Campaign, 53 

Battle of Chancellorsville, 55 

Back to the Hills of Stafford, 61 

The March into Maryland and Pennsylvania, 63 

The Battle of Gettysburg, 66 

Return to Virginia, 78 

From Manassas Junction to Bridgeport, Ala., 81 

The Situation, 82 

Up the Tennessee River, 84 

Midnight Charge at Lookout Valley, 86 

a; ttle of Mission Ridge, 91 

Campaign of East Tennessee, 98 

Veteran Re-Enlistment, 106 

Homeward Bound, 108 

Back to Lookout Valley, 110 



CONTENTS. Vll 

Camp at Raccoon Ridge, 110 

The Army Moves, 112 

Rocky Faced Ridge, 113 

Battle of Resacca, 116 

On to Cassville, 121 

Flanking Allatoona, 125 

Battle of New Hope Church, 125 

Engagement near Lost Mountain, 132 

Battle Days in Front of Kenesaw, 134 

At the Powder Spring Road, 135 

Across the Chattahoochee, 138 

Battle of Peach Tree Creek, 139 

Siege of Atlanta, 142 

Sherman's Tactics, 146 

Atlanta Ours, 148 

Camping at Atlanta, 149 

Sherman's Grand March to the Sea, 153 

In Front of Savannah, 161 

Savannah Surrendered, 1 64 

In the "Palmetto" State, 167 

Through the Carolinas, 168 

Battle of Averyboro', 171 

Battle of Bentonville, 173 

At Goidsboro', 177 

Advance on Raleigh, 178 



Viii CONTENTS. 

The March to Washington, 180 

The Great Review, 181 

Transfer to Louisville, Ky., 182 

Mustered Out, 182 

Military Histories of Oflacers, 184 

Military Histories of Enlisted Men, 199 

Summary 254 



JOURNAL-HISTORY 



OF THE 



SEVENTf-TIIlRD OHIO FOL. WOTRY. 



ORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT. 

In September, 1561, a group of young men at Chil- 
licothe, Ohio, discussed the possibility of raising a new- 
regiment of volunteers, under the first call of the Presi- 
dent for three hundred thousand men. After due con- 
sideration, they determined to make the attempt, and 
invited Captain Orland Smith, of the '' Chillicothe 
Greys," to accept the colonelcy, and Jacob Hyer, Esq., 
of Greenfield, the lieutenant-colonelcy of the regiment. 
These gentlemen accepted the positions tendered them, 
and at once gave themselves to the work of recruiting 
and organization. A number of conditional cotomis- 
sions were issued by the Governor, and, by the middle 
of October, the work of recruiting was fairly begun. 
The new regiment was to be called the Seventy-third 
Ohio, and was ordered to rendezvous at "Camp Logan," 
near Chillicothe. Recruiting stations were established 
in Ross, Highland, Pickaway, Jackson, Pike, Athens 
and Washington counties ; and company encampments 
2 



10 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

were opened at Hallsville, Clarksburg and Massieville, 
in Ross county. At this period in the history of the 
war recruiting was very difficult. The first outburst of 
the people's patriotic indignation had somewhat sub- 
sided. The disaster at Bull Run had cast a deep gloom 
over the country. It was, indeed, a period of darkness 
and discouragement. More than twice " sixty days" 
had passed, and the rebellion, instead of being crushed, 
was growing stronger every day. Our people were 
not yet aware of the magnitude of the work they had 
undertaken, in the war for the integrity of the repub- 
lic ; and the sympathy of England and France with 
those who were trying to break up our government, 
and the encouragement given the insurgents by a very 
large party in the Northern States, gave prestige to 
the pretended Confederacy, and, to many minds, in- 
sured the ultimate success of treason and secession. 

The first^ reverses of the war had taught us some- 
thing of the spirit and purpose of our enemies ; and the 
loyal nation paused, in grief, to weigh the value of the 
Union, and count the cost of its salvation. Love of 
country and of right sat umpire, and fixed in the hearts 
of all true men the desire — the hope — the determina- 
tion, that, at any cost, the union of these States should 
be preserved — the nation should live. It was this de- 
termination that prompted the men who now gave 
themselves to the country : exchanging the pursuits 
and associations of peaceful life for the dangers, hard- 
ships and privations of the field. 

On the 12th day of November, the first company ("A" 
was organized; and, on the 16th, came into camp with 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 11 

a full one hundred men. November 20tli, companies 
"B" and "F" were organized; and company ^'G" on 
the 13th of December. In the meantime a number of 
parts of companies were brought into camp by the re^: 
cruiting officers, and all were being drilled in the school 
of the soldier, the company and the battalion. 

On the 30th of December, a consolidation of these 
detachments was arranged, by which the formation of 
ten minimum companies was completed, and the regi- 
ment organized, and mustered into the 'service of the 
United States. The work of drilling and of preparing 
an outfit for the regiment went steadily forward, and, 
by the time it was ordered to the field, the discipline, 
drill, and apparent efficiency of the regiment were alike 
creditable to the officers and the men. 



ORDERED TO THE FIELD. 

On the 24:th of January, 1862, having orders to 
report to Gen. Rosecrans (then commanding the de- 
partment of West Virginia), the regiment left Chilli- 
cothe, and proceeded (via the Marietta and Cincinnati, 
and Baltimore and Ohio railroads), to Fetterman, a 
village near Grafton, in Western Virginia. Here the 
Seventy-third remained in camp eight days. We met, 
at Fetterman, the Fifty-fifth, Seventy-fifth and Eighty- 
second Ohio regiments, like our own, just entering the 
field. 



12 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

February 3d, the Seventy-third and Fifty-fifth Ohio 
were moved by rail to New Creek, and there reported 
to Gen. Lander for duty. We found, at New Creek, 
three regiments of Virginia infantry, a battery and a 
detachment of cavalry. 



FORCED MARCHES ON ROMNEY AND MOORFIELD. 

Scarcely had the regiment occupied its new camp on 
the bank of the North Branch of the Potomac, when 
all the men able for such duty were ordered out on an 
expedition to Romney, thirty miles distant. The route 
lay over a mountainous country, now almost impassable 
with snow, ice and mud. It was a rough introduction 
to campaign life, but our eager men entered upon it 
with hearty enthusiasm. The expedition was under the 
command of Col. Dunning, of the Fifth Ohio, who was 
also commandant of the post at New Creek. The en- 
emy retired from Romney before Col. Dunning's forces 
arrived; and, as the river was much swollen, the expe- 
dition did not cross, but returned, on the third day, to 
camp at New Creek. 

Another expedition was soon planned; and, on the 
12th of February, a force of eighteen hundred men, in- 
cluding the Seventy-third Ohio, was sent against Moor- 
field, still further up the South Branch of the Potomac 
than Romney. 

It was, near midnight of the 13th, when the head of 
our column reached the river at the ferry, four miles 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 13 

below Moorfield, and foUnd that the ferry-boat had been 
destroyed. The column halted, and the men began to 
build fires along the road, the night being quite cold. 
Suddenly a volley of rebel musketry, scarcely three 
hundred yards to our left front, startled the entire 
column. The balls came whistling sharply among us, 
wounding one or two men of our regiment. The de- 
tachment of cavalry in advance came tearing back 
through the column, almost producing a panic; but the 
infantry stood to arms, and, in a minute, our skirmish- 
ers were replying to the enemy's fire, which was 
promptly silenced. Here was the first gun fired by the 
Seventy-third Ohio, and the first man of the regiment 
wounded. 

The column was now moved to the right; and, just 
at daylight, approached the river again, opposite and in 
sight of Moorfield. Col. Harness held the town with a 
force of militia, numbering from five to eight hundred. 
We could plainly see them drawn up in line, as if ready 
to give us battle. Two or three shots from one of 
Capt. Winan's brass guns conveyed the compliments 
of the visitors, and Col. Dunning sent in a flag of truce, 
with a demand for the surrender of the place. Col. 
Harness replied that the town would be defended to the 
last. Capt. Winan sent over a few more shells, and 
the infantry was ordered forward. The river was much 
swollen, and was barely fordable by horsemen. It 
flowed through several channels at this point, and the 
first of these, about half a mile from the town, was 
crossed by carrying the infantrymen over on the cav- 
alry horses. As soon as the head of our column had 



14 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

crossed this stream, the rebels opened fire from the 
nearer houses of the town, where they had posted a 
hundred men to dispute our crossing. But when two 
or three batallions had opened a brisk fire in reply, 
the chivalry fled from the town. Our forces crossed 
the other streams, and occupied Moorfield, while Col. 
Harness and his militia beat a hasty retreat toward 
Winchester. 

Col. Dunning did not wish to hold the town, and his 
forces accordingly recrossed the river, and started back 
to New Creek ; and, on the 16th, reached camp again. 

These forced marches to Romney and Moorfield, over 
a mountainous country, and through the snow and mud 
of mid- winter, were severe experiences for new troops, 
and a great many of the men fell sick. 



RETURN TO AND ENCAMPMENT AT CLARKSBURG. 

On the 18th of February, our regiment was ordere 
back again to the command of Gen. Rosecrans, and 
took the cars for Clarksburg, Ya., where we arrived on 
the 19th. The regiment remained at Clarksburg for a 
month. The health of the men grew rapidly worse. 
Our forced marches and exposures told with wonderful 
effect, so that, in two weeks, three hundred men of the 
regiment were sick in hospital, and one or more died 
almost every day. 

There was no organized rebel force in this section of 
the State, but the citizens seemed about equally divided 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 15 

in their sympathies for the Union and Rebel cause. 
Those having aristocratic pretentions were usually 
against the government, but were so discreet that no 
disturbances occurred during our stay. 



CHANGE OF POSITION TO WESTON. 

About the 20th of March, the Seventy-third Ohio 
moved from Clarksburg to Weston, a pleasant town, 
twenty-five miles up the Elk river. Here we went into 
camp again, and remained three weeks, when the regi- 
ment was ordered across the mountains to join Gen. 
Milroy. A number of officers and men were left here, 
also, in hospital; and here died, on the 15th of April, 
our first officer — Adjutant Frederick C. Smith — leav- 
ing behind him the record of a generous and earnest 
manhood. 



MARCH ACROSS THE MOUNTAINS. 

The movement of the regiment, with all its baggage 
and supplies, was, at this time and season of the year, 
no small undertaking. Having a full outfit of camp and 
garrison equipage, and enough personal baggage to 
have organized a sanitary commission, it required no 
less than thirty-seven wagons to meet the wants of the 
regiments — the men, in the meantime, carrying their 
own heavily-laden knapsacks. The regiment marched 



16 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

by way of Buchanan and Beverly, Huttonsville and 
Cheat Mountain — 120 miles — to Monterey : cii^ssing, 
in its route, Buchanan, Rich, Greenbrier, Cheat and 
Allegheny mountains ; delayed, however, by floods of 
WHter and roads almost impassable. 

A few days after our arrival at Monterey, a large 
foraging party from Gen. Milroy's command was sur- 
prised, by rebel cavalry, near Williamsville. A number 
of our men were either killed, wounded or captured, 
and the train, with its supplies, taken charge of by the 
captors. A force of several hundred men was sent to 
this vicinity, to endeavor to retrieve the loss. The re- 
mainincf force at Monterev soon moved forward, twelve 
miles, to the village of McDowell, at the foot of Bull 
Pasture mountains; and two regiments were pushed 
out fifteen miles in advance of that, and across the 
Shenandoah mountains. The expedition from Wil- 
liamsville rejoined the command at McDowell, on the 
4th of May, bringing in large quantities of supplies. 

Gen. Milroy had here now about 4,000 men, and re- 
inforcements were expected from Franklin. On the 
morning of May 7, the enemy fell upon the two ad- 
vanced regiments, and, with overwhelming numbers, 
drove them back toward McDowell, with the loss of 
some prisoners and almost all their camp equipage and 
baggage. Learning of their rapid retreat, the Seventy- 
third Ohio regiment and Hindman's battery were or- 
dered to their support. It was six miles across the 
Bull Pasture mountains; and four miles out we met the 
retreating column in a narrow mountain road. It was 
some time before our gun-carriages and wagons could 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 17 

be turned around, so that we might return to McDow- 
ell. Three miles away, we could plainly see the rebel 
column winding down the Shenandoah mountains, close 
upon the heels of our men. A battery w\as opened 
across the narrow valley, checking their advance; and 
our force reached McDowell without disturbance. 



The position of our little army at McDowell was on 
a low range of hills, parallel with, and about six hun- 
dred yards from the Bull Pasture river, which runs at 
the foot of the mountain ; our left resting on the 
village. 

Early on the morning of the 8th of May, Gen. Milroy 
made disposition for battle, and awaited the coming of 
the enemy. Our position was overlooked by the moun- 
tain, whose summit, at the distance of a mile and a half, 
afforded a complete view of our forces, position and 
movements. Here, on a commanding point, the enemy 
appeared during the morning, and seemed to be moving 
into position and planting batteries. Our artillery 
opened upon them at once, and our skirmishers engaged 
theirs on the mountain side. A section of artillery was 
also sent across the river, and took position on a spur 
of the mountain north of the pass. Supported by two 
regiments, it worked vigorously on the enemy's posi- 
tion. 



18 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE. 

Gen. Schenck arrived from Franklin, at noon, with 
reinforcements, swelling our numbers to about 6,000 
men. Though senior in rank, Gen. Schenck did not at 
once assume command. 

Skirmishing and artillery firing continued throughout 
the day, and, late in the afternoon, Gen. Milroj deter- 
mined to make a sortie upon the enemy's position, to 
drive him from it, if possible, or, at least, to develop his 
strength. Three companies of the Seventy-third Ohio 
were engaged on the skirmish line during a part of the 
day, while the larger portion of the battalion was in po- 
sition on the extreme right, guarding the flank of the 
army. Four regiments were moved across the river, 
and up the slope of the mountain, through the woods 
on the right of the pass. Nearly a mile of woodland 
intervenes between the river and the summit of the 
mountain, where there are open fields. 

It was just sunset when our attacking party emerged 
from the woods, moving upon the enemy at close range. 
The attack was most daring, and evidently impressed 
the enemy (as was, perhaps, intended) that we were 
ready and able to dispute their further advance. But 
in vain did our forces try to drive tliem from their po- 
sition. The enemy kept bringing forward fresh troops, 
and all efi"orts to dislodge them were fruitless. Two 
additional regiments were sent to the support of the 
attacking party ; so that nearly half of our army was 
engaged. An incessant roll of musketry was kept 
up until an hour after dark, when, by common con- 
sent, the firing ceased. Our forces at once retired 
across the river, carrying their wounded with them. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. REGIMENT. 19 

Information, gathered from prisoners and other 
sources, went to show that the rebel generals, Jackson 
and Johnson, had combined their forces, and were now 
18 000 strong ; while the Union forces were scarcely 
6 000— were far from any base, and had but limited 
supplies. It was determined to fall back toward Frank- 
lin under cover of this spirited attack ; and accordingly 
thJ retreat began about midnight. Our skirmish lines 
were held until near daylight; and so quiet was the 
movement, that the enemy did not know of it until 
the mornincr revealed to them our burning and deserted 
camps. Tell men belonging to the Seventy-third Ohio, 
who were on picket, could not be found in the darkness 
of the night, and, not knowing of the movement of our 
army, remained at their post, and fell into the enemy s 
hands. The army moved rapidly, but in good order, 
carrying away all its effects for which transportation 
could be furnished, and burning the remainder. 

We were halted for dinner in a commanding position, 
twelve miles out on the road to Franklin. ^\ hile here 
the enemy's cavalry made a dash, and captured a por- 
tion of our rear-guard. Gen. Schenck made dispositions 
for battle, supposing the enemy was close upon us m 
force; but, after waiting for several hours without be- 
ino- attacked, the march was resumed. 

We arrived at Franklin on the afternoon of May 10. 
Here our generals determined to make a stand, until 
the arrival of Gen. Fremont, who was expected with 
large reinforcements. 



20 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



POSITION AT FRANKLIN. 



Our forces were advantageously posted around the 
town, and for two days a desultory cannonade and 
skirmish fire was kept up between the belligerents- the 
enemy all the time feeling, though not seriously press- 
ing our lines. 

On the 18th, Gen. Fremont and staff arrived The 
army was drawn up to receive him, and gave him a 
most hearty welcome. On the following day, his army 
of reinforcement, consisting of about 10,000 men, came 
into Franklin, with drums beating, and bugles and 
bands playing, Among them was the celebrated Blen- 
ker s division, and it was novel as it was agreeable for 
our Western men, who had never been in a large army 
to meet these men from the Potomac, to whom the life 
Of the camp seemed as easy as the every-day life of 
home, "^ 

Finding us able to cope with them now, the enemy 
withdrew from our front, and moved off toward the valley 
Of the Shenandoah. Our army remained here for sev- 
eral days; but the question of rations became an 
alarming one. We had plenty of beef, but nothing 
else. Hard-bread grew so scarce, that a half-dollar 
was refused for a single cracker. Officers, in some in- 
stances, took the corn from their horses, and gave to 
the men to parch. The sour wine and Limburg cheese 
Of the Blenker sutleries were entirely exhausted, and 
our brave Teutons looked with sadness upon their 
empty "proadsacks." Still, the men bore these priva- 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 21 

tions with commendable patience, though many fell sick 
for want of proper food. About the 22d of May, how- 
ever, supplies arrived from New creek, and starvation 
threatened us no longer. 



THE ARMY OF THE MOUNTAINS. 

The forces now gathered at Franklin were organized 
into an army, under command of Gen. Fremont, which 
was called the ''Army of the Mountains." Our regi- 
ment was now, for the first time, brigaded, being placed 
in the brigade commanded by Gen. Schenck. Gen. 
Fremont assumed command of the Mountain Depart- 
ment under circumstances calculated to inspire confi- 
dence that the summer campaign would not be fruitless 
of good. 

May 25th, our army left Franklin, carrying as far as 
Petersburg all our sick that could be transported. We 
moved through a pleasant country, and struck the 
splendid valley of the South Branch of the Potomac at 
Petersburg. From this point, sending the sick and 
wounded, and most of our baggage, to New Creek, the 
army moved on down the valley to Moorfield. Here 
our regiment had completed its first circle. With great 
glee we recounted our valorous achievements at the 
"battle of Moorfield," three months before, and with 
little effort persuaded ourselves that those three months 
had transformed us from raw recruits into real veteran 
soldiers. 



22 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

May 28th, our army left Moorfield for the Shenan- 
doah valley. There had been trouble in the valley. 
Stonewall Jackson, after leaving our front at Franklin 
had suddenly fallen on Gen. Banks at Strasburg, and 
had driven him back — with no little disaster to our 
arms — through Winchester to Harper's Ferry and 
Maryland Hights. Our column reached the summit of 
the Branch mountains, and rested for a day. And very 
" beautiful upon the mountains " seemed that day of rest 
to us, as our eyes swept to the east or to the west, over 
the green ocean of wooded hills. On the next day our 
army moved on through Wardensville, where our ad- 
vance skirmished with the enemy's cavalry, driving 
them back toward Strasburg. 

At ten o'clock on the morning of June 1st, our ad- 
vance brigade, under command of Col. Cluseret, was 
attacked, and compelled to fall back. The main army 
was hurriedly brought forAvard, and disposed in order of 
battle. Our generals evidently expected an attack by 
the enemy in force. There was occasional artillery 
firing throughout the day on both sides, but no engage- 
ment occurred. Our brigade w^as in line in an open 
field, and during the afternoon we could plainly see the 
enemy's trains moving up the valley, along the Win- 
chester turnpike ; showing us that they were falling 
back from Winchester. We were under orders to 
march at midnight, but did not move until next morn- 
ing, when we were hurried forward, almost on the 
double- quick, six miles, to Strasburg. 

The enemy had escaped up the valley, and our forces 
were pressing them, engaging their rear-guard. Just 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 



23 



as Tve reached Strasburg, a column of Gen. Shields' 
army, composed of cavalry and flying artillery, came in 
from Front Royal ; and, as the two columns filed in to- 
gether, and moved rapidly up the valley, there were 
such cheers of greeting as lifted one's heart to hear. 
Our army followed closely in the footsteps of the re- 
treating rebels, through Woodstock to Edinburg, where 
we were detained by the burning of a bridge, and then 
on to Mount Jackson. There was almost constant 
skirmishing between our advance and the rebel rear- 
guard. Quite a number of wounded men and prisoners 
were taken to the rear, and several squads of Banks' 
men, who had been captured by the enemy, escaped 
and came back to us. They were the gladdest men we 
had seen in the army. Our boys loaded them with 
hard-tack, and while they related their adventures, they 
ate as if they had been well-nigh starved. 

At Mount Jackson, the enemy crossed the river, and 
burned the bridge after them. Our forces remained 
here two days, while the enemy lay quietly just across 
the stream. The rain poured in torrents day and night, 
and the streams were swollen out of their banks. Gen. 
Fremont evidently expected Gen. Shields to move up 
the Luray valley, possess himself of the gaps in the 
Blue Bidge and of the bridge at Port Republic ; and, if 
possible, cut off Jackson's retreat. The enemy fell back 
through New Market and Harrisonburg, closely fol- 
lowed by our army. 



24 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



BATTLE OF CROSS KEYS. 

Gen. Jackson made a stand at Cross Keys, where 
our forces came up with him ; and a sanguinary, but 
indecisive battle was fought on the 8th day of June. 
In this engagement, the Sevanty-third Ohio supported 
a battery, and skirmished heavily with the enemy, los- 
ing eight men killed and wounded. We slept on arms 
during the night, fully expecting a renewal of the bat- 
tle on the following day; but when the morning came, 
the enemy had fallen back to Port Republic, and, having 
gotten possession of the bridge, crossed the river, and 
inflicted serious loss on the small detachment from Gen. 
Shields' army sent to co-operate with Gen. Fremont, 
and which had, at one time, held the position and bridge 
at Port Republic. 

Gen. Jackson having thus escaped across the 
river, moved through one of the gaps of the Blue 
Ridge, in the direction of Charlotteviile. Gen. Fre- 
mont deeming it imprudent to follow him, aband- 
oned further pursuit. 



RETURN TO STRASBURG. 



On the 10th of June, our army began falling back 
to a position where it could be more easily subsisted. 
We rested a few days at Mount Jackson, from which 
point ambulances were sent back to Harrisonburg after 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 25 

the -wounded, for whom there had been no transporta- 
tion. The rebel cavalry followed our army closely, and 
were now scouring the country in every direction. Our 
generals deemed it prudent to retire still farther down 
the valley. They evidently anticipated an attack by 
the enemy, as we were, for several days, held in con- 
stant readiness for battle, and compelled to sleep on 
our arms at night. Accordingly, on the 20th of June 
we fell back to Strasburg. 



ENCAMPMENT AT MIDDLETOWN. 

After remaining at Strasburg two or three days, the 
army retired a few miles further down the pike, to the 
village of Middletown, and went into camp. Lieut.- 
Col. Hyer resigned, and Major Long was appoiated to 
fill his place. The convalescents and baggage left by 
our army at Petersburg were now brought forward, and 
we had for a while quietude and rest. The campaign 
of the valley had been a very laborious and severe one. 
For six weeks we had neither tents nor shelter of any 
kind ; and our marches, in the heat of early summer, 
had been most trying on the men. 
f While here. Gen. Fremont was superseded by Gen. 
Sigel; and the '^Army of the Mountains" became the 
First Corps of the ''Army of Virginia." Gen. Schenck 
was placed in command of our division, and Col. N. C. 
McLean, of the Seventy-fifth Ohio regiment, became 
the commander of our brigade, which now consisted of 
3 \ 



26 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

the Fifty-fifth, the Seventy-third, the Seventy-fifth 
and the Twenty-fifth Ohio regiments. 



CROSSING THE BLUE RIDGE. 

Our stay at Middletown was, however, very short. 
We had scarcely gotten into comfortable encampment, 
when, on the 7th of July, our army was again set in 
motion. We marched to Front Royal, and from there 
moved along the main stream of the Shenandoah up 
the valley of Luray, to the town of that name. 

After halting for a day at this place, on the 10th of 
July we climbed the Blue Ridge, and from its summit 
looked down on "Old Virginia." We went into camp 
at the foot of the mountain, on the eastern side, at the 
village of Sperryville. 



CAMP LIFE AT SPERRYVILLE. 

We had a pleasant camp and a most welcome rest of 
nearly a month at Sperryville: a rest that was greatly 
needed after the long marches over the mountains and 
up the valley. The fruits of summer, such as cherries 
and blackberries, were here more abundant than we 
had ever seen them anywhere, and the troops feasted 
upon them with eagerness and delight. We grew very 
tired of the dry marching rations, and continually 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 27 

longed for fruit and vegetables. Here we had abund- 
ance, and the health of the army was visibly improved. 
On the 16th of July the Seventy-third Ohio, with a 
force of cavalry and a section of artillery, was sent on 
a reconnoisance in the direction of Madison Court 
House. We marched about sixteen miles, through a 
pleasant farming district, when we halted for a day, 
while the cavalry pushed on to the Court House. A 
few prisoners were captured in the town, and our cav- 
alry returned. We filled a large train of wagons with 
corn, and returned to Sperryville on the third day. 
The plentifulness of corn and cattle in these farming 
districts of Virginia satisfied us that the rebellion would 
never starve, as some had hoped and predicted. The 
agricultural resources of the South were so great that 
she would, with slave labor, be able to feed all the 
fighting men within her borders. 

The news of McClellan's disastrous battles before 
Richmond came to us here, and produced gloom 
throughout the army. Gen. Banks moved his army 
from Little Washington to Culpepper Court House and 
beyond. Gen. Pope arrived at Sperryville, and as- 
sumed command of the Army of Virginia. Our corps 
gave him the usual welcome, and passed in review be- 
fore him. We had also a field-day at Woodville, a vil- 
lage six miles from Sperryville. It was the first occa- 
sion of the kind in which our regiment had participated, 
and was altogether a pleasant sham. 

While here we disburdened ourselves of a large amount 
of baggage and surplus stores, exchanging, also, our 
Sibley and wall tents for the ordinary shelters. 



28 JOURNAL- HISTORY OF THE 

Finally, came the report that Stonewall Jackson was 
crossing the Rapidan river, near Orange Court House, 
and moving on Culpepper, and on the 8th of August, we 
hurriedly broke camp, and moved forward to join our 
forces with those of Gen. Banks. We left our pleasant 
camp with regret. That charming summer month, in 
our white tents, on the green-sodded hills of Sperry- 
ville — with long, bright days, and noble sunsets over the 
Blue Ridge, and evening serenades, and delightfully 
cool nights, made a picture pleasant to look back upon 
in our after history. 

We marched all night on our road to Culpepper, and 
at daylight on the morning of the 9th, lay down for a 
little rest. After breakfasting, we pushed on again, 
and arrived at Culpepper at noon. 



BATTLE OF CEDAR MOUNTAIN. 

Scarcely had we arrived when, from near Cedar 
mountain, only six miles in our front, there came heavy 
sounds of cannon and musketry. Gen. Banks was en- 
gaging the enemy. We could see the smoke from the 
batteries and the bursting shells. We rest during the 
afternoon, and listen to the sounds of battle with 
trembling hearts. It seems like real earnest-work, 
not continuous, but growing fiercer on occasions. At 
sunset we are ordered forward, and march through 
the town with colors flying, taking the road to Cedar 
mountain. We immediately begin to observe the evi- 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 29 

dences of a sanguinary battle. There are ambulances 
loaded with wounded, some of whom are crying out as 
if in excruciating pain. There are groups of slightly 
wounded, walking back to Culpepper. There are some 
on horseback, and some in wagons ; and all tell of a 
bitter and bloody contest at the front. We move on 
four miles, and then turn aside into a field, and rest 
on our arms. Night has seemingly brought to an end 
the fiercer part of the conflict, but there are occasional 
outbursts of musketry and cannon, which tell that the 
two armies are still grappling in the terrible embrace 
of battle, probably to be renewed with fiercer and 
bloodier fight on the morrow. 

A little after midnight our brigade is roused up, and 
we proceed to the front. In the stillness of night, we 
pass groups of stragglers and camp followers, and parks 
of ambulances and artillery, and reserves of cavalry 
and infantry; and, two miles from our bivouac, we file 
into an open field, with only pickets in our front. We 
lay down to await the coming daylight. 

Just at dawn, a picket-post, within a hundred paces 
of us, opened with a volley on a squad of rebel cavalry 
that had stolen up very near to us. The whole brigade 
sprang to their feet, and were, in a moment, ready for 
action. But the cavalry scampered away ; and after 
standing to arms awhile, we were formed in the main 
line of battle, and awaited what the day might bring 
forth. There was an occasional shot from a skirmish- 
er's gun, but no engagement took place during the day. 
On the next day, a heavy reconnoisance was sent out 
on our left front, and a flag-of truce party was sent to 



30 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

the battle-field to bury our dead. Gen. Banks having, 
on the 9th, suffered a temporary reverse, and been 
driven back for a mile or more, had left most of his 
dead and some of his wounded in the hands of the 
enemy. 

King's division now arrived from Fredericksburg, and 
took position on our left, and we felt quite secure. That 
night our camp-fires swept around in a magnificent 
semi-circle — a war picture to be remembered for a life. 

The next morning, the enemy had fallen back, and 
Gen. Milroy pushed out after him, stopping a few miles 
out to await the movement of the main army. Banks, 
with his shattered and mangled command, moved back 
to Culpepper, having fully illustrated again, in a most 
costly way, his want of military genius. 



THE RAPIDAN AND THE RAPPAHANNOCK. 

Two days later, Sigel's corps moved forward ten 
miles to the Rapidan river, on the Orange Court House 
road. The enemy's cavalry held the line of the Rap- 
idan ; and, from a mountain look-out at the left of our 
picket-line, we could plainly see the smoke of their 
camp-fires near Orange Court House. When we had 
remained here about a week, the enemy, under Jack- 
son, was reported moving down the right bank of the 
Rapidan, with the evident intention of getting between 
the city of Washington and the Army of Virginia. 
This made it necessary for our army to fall back ; and 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 31 

accordingly, orders were issued to that effect. Our 
corps moved slowly back through Culpepper, and on 
to the Warrenton White Sulphur Springs. Banks and 
King crossed the river at the Rappahannock station, 
closely followed by the enemy, who at once engaged 
our forces at the bridge. We afterward learned that 
our corps had, this last day, been marching on a road 
parallel to the enemy's moving column, and only five 
miles distant. Early the next morning, our corps 
moved down the river to the station, it being fully ex- 
pected that an attack in force would be made at once 
by the enemy. During the day, there were heavy 
artillery duels at the bridge, but no general engage- 
ment. Our army was massed near the bridge, and 
could have resisted a powerful column in any attempt 
to cross the river. 

The next morning, the enemy was observed moving 
to his left, and our division moved, early, four miles up 
the river to Freeman's Ford, it being determined by 
our generals, if possible, to hold the line of the Rappa- 
hannock. 



BATTLE AT FREEMAN'S FORD. 

Our batteries were already in position, commanding 
the ford when we arrived ; and the enemy was also in 
force on the other side. A lively artillery duel was 
kept up nearly all day. Our brigade was massed near 
the ford, and our skirmishers deployed along the bank 
of the river. In the afternoon, Gen. Milroy crossed 



32 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

the river with his body-guard, and reconnoitered the 
woods on our left front. 

Determining to develop the strength of the enemy 
here, three regiments were thrown across the river, and 
pushed out boldly into those woods. Coming at length 
upon a large force of the enemy, they were driven back 
in confusion and with considerable loss, Gen. Bolen, of 
Pennsylvania, in command of the brigade, being killed. 
Our men retreated from the woods, and huddled to- 
gether on the hill-side near the river. The enemy 
came out with shouts, and were only checked by a 
battery and line of infantry, on our side of the river, 
opening fire over the heads of our retreating comrades. 
The Union forces recrossed the river, and the infantry 
fire ceased. Desultory cannonading was still kept up, 
and the next morning, the Seventy-third Ohio was sent 
to the support of the principal battery engaged. Be- 
fore noon, however, we were called back to the brigade, 
and the whole corps moved rapidly toward the White 
Sulphur Springs. 

The enemy had gained possession of the ford at the 
Springs — had thrown a brigade or division across, and 
was fighting for a foothold on the north side of the 
river.^ But the impetuous Milroy was soon there, dis- 
puting their advance, and driving them back again. 
Our brigade swung around on the right, and our regi- 
ment supported a section of artillery moving on the 
extreme flank, and directed by Sigel's eagle-eyed staff 
ofiicer — Captain Ulric Dahlgren. The enemy was 
pressed steadily back, and compelled to retire across 
the river. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 33 

With our section of artillery, the regiment stood 
picket during the night, half a mile out on the flank 
of the corps. Then, in the morning, the whole corps 
swept around the spring, and occupied the command- 
ing hills for a mile up the river. 



ARTILLERY DUELS. 

Here, discovering the enemy, our batteries opened 
again, and were replied to by the enemy's guns, and, 
for two hours a spirited artillery duel was carried on. 
We could plainly see the rebel trains and troops moving 
up the river to their left, which, of course, necessitated 
a corresponding movement of our army. 

About noon, we drew off from the hills at White Sul- 
pher, and moved up to the village and ford of Waterloo, 
where the artillery duel was repeated and prolonged. 
We remained here until the next evening at sunset, 
when, finding that the enemy still continued to move 
heavy columns up the river, we drew off and marched 
to Warrenton, arriving there about midnight. 



MOVEMENTS OF THE TWO ARMIES. 

It was now evident that the whole of Lee's army was 
in our front, and that it was pressing forward to fall 
upon, and, if possible crush the Army of Virginia be- 
4 



34 JOURNAL-HISTORY OP THE 

fore it could be reinforced by McClellan's forces, which 
were being transported to Aquia Creek and Alexandria. 
Our division remained at Warrenton a day and night. 
Meanwhile, large numbers of the sick that filled the 
churches and temporary hospitals of the town were 
transported by rail to Alexandria ; and the army began 
to strip for the fight, which, it was evident, must soon 
come. The rebel cavalry made a raid on our trains 
near Catlet's Station, and did considerable damage. 

On the morning of August 26th, we moved out on 
the Alexandria pike, passed through New Baltimore 
and Buckland, and arrived, during the afternoon, in the 
vicinity of Gainesville, when the rebels appeared in 
our front. A force of rebels had, in the morning, 
passed over the road we were then on, and a column 
had been passing from Thoroughfare Gap, through 
Gainesville during the day. Our advance found a force 
at Gainesville, and fell back until the column came up. 
Some shells were thrown into the woods, and we stood 
to our arms during the evening, and rested on them 
at night. It was afterward known that this was 
Stonewall Jackson's army, which, crossing the pike 
at Gainesville, moved on to the railroad at Bristoe, 
where they were repulsed by. Gen. Hooker, and then 
moved oif by the left to Manassas Junction. 

Early on the morning of the 27th, our corps moved 
through Gainesville, in the direction of Manassas. We 
reached the vicinity of the Junction before noon, and 
found that Jackson had left there early in the morning, 
after supplying his troops out of our immense stores at 
the Junction, and burning what he did not want. There 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 35 

"was much delay and apparent indecision here, and, late 
in the afternoon, we filed to the left, and marched 
across to the old Ball Run battle-ground. We reached 
the high grounds commanding Bull Run, and the War- 
renton and Alexandria pike just before sunset, and just 
as the rear of Jackson's army was filing past. Our 
artillery opened upon his rear-guard, near the " Stone 
Bridge," but he marched on, without turning to give us 
battle. He had made the entire circuit from Gaines- 
ville, via Bristoe, Manassas and Centerville, and was 
now on his way back to Gainesville ; and our generals 
had let him I Our artillery kept up their fire until 
after dark, and just at dusk there was a fearfel mus- 
ketry fire in the direction of Gainesville, telling us that 
our forces were engaging the enemy in the vicinity of 
that village. Sigel's skirmish line rested across the 
pike, about a mile from Groveton, near the " Stone 
House," and we slept on our arms for the night. 



BATTLE OF '' SECOND BULL RUN. 

Just after daylight next morning. Gen. Milroy went 
forward to feel the enemy. Skirmishing began early in 
the day, and continued with greater or less earnestness. 
Our batteries opened at long range, and the guns of the 
enemy replied at the distance of about a mile and a half. 
As soon as the position of the enemy had been deter- 
mined, our whole corps went forward in order of battle : 
the divisions of Milroy and Shurz on the right, and 



36 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Schenck, supported by Reno with the Pennsylvania 
reserves, on the left of the turnpike. Our line moved 
on up the inclined plain, through wood and field, past 
Groveton and right up to within a few hundred yards 
of the rebel batteries. Milroy moved along the em- 
bankment of the Manassas Gap railroad, and tried to 
charge those batteries which had been working slowly 
all the morning; but he was repulsed with loss. 
Schenck was now ordered to cross the pike, mass his 
troops behind a lot of timber, and charge the enemy's 
batteries. Just as the division was massed, however, 
Gen. Reynolds came dashing down on horseback from 
the direction of Milroy's engagement, and said to Gen. 
Schenck, '' General, for God's sake, don't go up there !" 
Doubtless Milroy was already repulsed, and we should 
have received the full broadside of the rebel batteries, in 
grape and canister, the moment we unmasked the woods- 
Directly, Gen. Schenck received orders to recross the 
pike, and fall back toward Groveton which he did in 
good order. Scarcely had we started, however, when a 
battery from the rebel right opened on us, and fairly 
plowed up the field over which we were passing with 
shot and shell. The rebel infantry pressed close on us, 
also; but we turned upon them at Groveton, and en- 
gaged and held them there until late in the after- 
noon, when we again retired to the vicinity of "Stone 
House." For an hour before sunset there was a marked 
lull in the battle, though skirmishing was kept up all 
along the lines, and it became evident that both sides 
were preparing for a last struggle for the mastery of 
the field. The two armies now stood near where they 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 87 

did in the opening contest of the morning ; or rather, 
the enemy was advanced, and we were in the nearer 
embrace of a desperate and deadly last effort. 

It was just before sunset that a staff officer rode up 
to Gen. Schenck, and said, " The general desires you 
to move your division across the pike. Gens. McDow- 
ell and Porter are coming in on the left." How our 
hearts leaped to hear of this timely help, just when the 
last strufcgrle was to be made for the laurels of that hard 

Co 

day's work ! Scarcely had our orders been executed 
when McDowell's column came pouring over the field 
in splendid style. They came down the hill, crossed 
the run knee deep in water, and went forward along 
the pike to the very front of battle, all on the double- 
quick, and shouting and cheering as we never heard 
men shout and cheer before. It was a grand exhibition 
of the enthusiasm of battle. But the brave fellows paid 
dearly for their heroic work; for, though the night 
soon closed over the field, and put an end to the con- 
test, next morning we could see their dead bodies 
strewn over the field for nearly half a mile in our front. 
That night was very dark, and as, at the close of the 
contest, no connected picket-line was formed, matters 
were not a little confused, and once or twice our own 
men fired into each other. During the night the ene- 
my fell back again to the high ground a mile and a half 
from our line ; and the morning of iVugust 29th found 
the two armies in precisely the same relative position 
as that occupied by Sigel and Jackson on the morning 
before. Lee had, however, brought forward and joined 
with Jackson all his remaining forces ; while McDowell 



38 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

and Porter had united with Sigel, and Hooker and 
Banks were on the railroad, only six miles away. 

Again the battle opened with cannon at long range, 
and a spirited artillery duel was kept up during the 
morning, and we saw, for the first time, great slugs of 
railroad iron thrown by the enemy's guns. 

The field this morning presented an imposing view. 
Standing upon a hill near our position, we could see 
the entire army gathered here (now numbering 45,000), 
maneuvering and massing preparatory to the work of 
the last day's battle of second Bull Run. It was, in- 
deed an imposing pageant, and we felt confident that if 
our army was commanded with ability, there was no 
danger of great disaster. 

During the day our forces on the right pushed for- 
ward, and engaged the enemy vigorously, vrhile the 
center and left only advanced to the village of Grove- 
ton. Schenck's division had been massed on the right 
of the pike, half a mile forward of "Stone House," 
during the last night and this forenoon. In the after- 
noon we were ordered into a new position, and formed 
line on a bald hill on the left of the pike, half a mile 
from Groveton. Our line was nearly perpendicular to 
the turnpike, and extended out some six or eight hun- 
dred yards. The division held the left of a second line 
of battle, McLean's brigade forming the left of the 
division — the Seventy- third Ohio being on the left of the 
brigade. We were thus thrown on the extreme left of 
our army lines, and, as we supposed, ^\ere destined to 
have work to do. Our division line was not refused 
on the left, but ended abruptly in an open field, and 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 39 

was without any defenses whatever. During the after- 
noon, Gen. Pope and some of his subordinates arrived at 
the conclusion that the enemy was retreating, and leav- 
ing the Union army in possession of the field. Under the 
inspiration of this belief, that celebrated dispatch was 
sent to Washington, announcing a splendid victory of 
our arms, which, in the light of subsequent events, was 
such a bitter reflection on the military genius and ca- 
reer of Maj.-Gen. John Pope. 

About four or five o'clock in the afternoon, however, 
the battle began to grow more earnest. The volleys of 
small arms and roll of artillery told of the beginning of 
a fierce and bloody struggle. The tide of battle was 
borne toward us, and soon we discovered the entire 
rebel line advancing and driving every thing before it. 
Their line reached across the turnpike, through the 
open grounds, and into the woods on either side. They 
came on rapidly — firing, shouting and cheering ; and so 
terrible was their sweep that all opposition seemed to 
melt away before them. In the center, our troops be- 
came confused, and seemed, in their retreat to be hud- 
dling together, and crowding into and along the pike 
in some disorder. 

Still, on came the rebel line, seemingly fired with the 
terrible enthusiasm of victory; and, though our men 
fought bravely, they could not withstand the charge and 
shock of that victorious line. The very momentum they 
seemed to gain, sweeping down, as they did, from the 
high grounds beyond Groveton, made them resistless. 
And still our division stood waiting for the moment 
when it could pour in an efi'ective fire. Finally, the 



40 ' JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

right of the division opened upon them as they charged 
a battery three hundred yards in our front. That fire 
drove them back behind a hill, where they halted for a 
moment to reform and prepare for the charge on our 
division. On the left front of our brigade (two hun- 
dred yards from, and masking the front of, our battal- 
ion) was a wood lot ; and a deep ravine (three hun- 
dred yards in front of our right) led up into this woods. 
Up this ravine, and into the woods the enemy were now 
seen marching by the flank ; and the right of our brig- 
ade, from their more advantageous position, began to 
pour into them a most effective fire. We watched and 
waited with terrible anxiety. One, two, three battle- 
flags were seen to pass into the woods ; and then we 
knew that the Seventy-third Ohio would have to meet 
the charge of a whole brigade of rebels. But we stand 
firmly, and patiently bide our time. 

Just then there emerged from the woods, half a mile 
out on our left flank, a brigade of men massed in col- 
umn, and they bore down steadily toward us. Our regi- 
mental ofiicers discovered this movement, and promptly 
informed the brigade commander that the enemy was 
coming in on our flank. But he assured them that this 
was a brigade of our own men coming to our support. 

The enemy in our front, moving in concert with those 
on our flank, now came out of the woods — their line 
masking and overlapping our own. The moment they 
emerged from the timber, our regiment and the whole 
left of the brigade, poured into them such a murderous 
volley that they retreated to the covert of the woods 
again ; and now, from their partial covert, they opened 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 41 

fire on us, and the combat grew fierce, indeed. It was 
the first real, earnest, open-field, line-of-battle fighting 
we had done, and the regiment seemed determined to 
acquit itself well. And so, without any defenses what- 
ever, the battalion stood up, and delivered its fire most 
effectively — shouting and cheering as they saw the 
enemy weaver and go back into the woods. 

But the contest was not long. In a few minutes the 
" stars and bars" of the flanking column were so plainly 
visible that it required no argument to persuade the 
bridage commander that our '' support" was unreliable. 
Just then, too, a battery from our left front opened 
upon us, and the shot and shell came ploAving down our 
lines. On came the flanking column, moving so as to 
gain our rear ; while the enemy in our front, doubtless 
emboldened by their advantage, advanced again, and, 
for a little while, a most murderous struggle is main- 
tained. But the contest is too unequal. Still we stand 
until the enemy have nearly gained our rear, and have 
opened fire upon our flank. Then we retire — yielding 
first upon the left, then the center and right. Some 
twenty men on the extreme left, exposed to this terri- 
ble cross-fire, sought shelter behind a garden fence ; but 
in a minute the two rebel lines have closed in, and they 
are prisoners of war. It was three hundred yards from 
where our left rested to a woods in our right rear, and 
over the intervening ground played the enemy's with- 
ering cross-fire. When we reached the woods, we found 
a supporting line-of-battle, ready to check the foe. 
Those of our men who were yet unharmed Avere scat- 
tered over a long line, and the ofiicers devoted them- 



42 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

selves most earnestly to the work of rallying and bring- 
ing them together. About eighty were gotten together 
in these woods, and held ready for action, until it be- 
came evident that we could no longer accomplish any 
thing. Then we were moved across the pike, where 
Gen. McLean was gathering together the scattered 
fragments of his brigade. Gen. Schenck had been 
wounded, and had left the field. Gen. Milroy and 
other commanders exerted all their powers to save the 
battle from becoming what the first Bull Run had been 
— a disastrous rout. 

The enemy were checked and held, while all our 
trains and artillery, save such guns as the enemy had 
already captured, Avere successfully moved across Bull 
Bun, and on to Centerville. Night had closed in on 
the contestants. The sound of battle had died in 
the air, and the enemy could fairly claim that the 
day was his. 

It was about ten o'clock at nio^ht when our brio;ade 
crossed Bull Run and Cub Bun, near the latter of which 
we bivouacked in the rain, and, early the next morning, 
moved on to Centerville. 

Gur regiment suffered most severely in this battle. 
We went into the engagement with three hundred and 
twelve guns, and lost one hundred and forty-four 
men killed and wounded, and twenty prisoners ; which 
left us one hundred and forty-eight men for duty. 
Among the fallen were the brave and kind-hearted 
Captain Burkett, mortally wounded, and the gallant 
and generous Lieut. Trimble, killed, who, with many 
noble comrades, were deeply mourned by the regiment. 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 43 

The second Bull Run was a disastrous engagement, 
and evinced to the army either a want of skill in its 
commander or a want of zealous and hearty support on 
the part of some of his sudordinate generals. The 
army was indeed ungenerous enough to attribute our 
defeat to both these causes combined. 

Sunday morning, August 30th, was rainy and dismal. 
Our army held the line of Cub Run, and the enemy 
made no attempt to bring on another engagement, 
though they felt our lines, and assured themselves of 
our position. The Union forces were disposed in such 
a manner as to be able to meet any emergency, and the 
army rested in the rain from its hard three days of battle. 
All our wounded who had been able to get to the rear 
were now sent on to Washington and Alexandria; but 
many of our worst wounded had fallen into the enemy's 
hands. 

August 31st, a large detail of officers and men was 
sent to the battle-field, under a flag of truce, to care for 
our wounded and bury our dead. They found our poor 
fellows stripped and robbed of almost every thing, in 
the most approved style of Southern chivalry. 

The rebel cavalry made a raid on our trains near 
Fairfax Court House. They also cut some bridges on 
the railroad, which necessitated the burning, it was said, 
of two millions' worth of supplies and material of war. 
During the afternoon the battle of Chantilla was fought, 
in which those heroic generals, Kearney and Stephens, 
were killed. 

The enemy seemed pressing our lines now, and mov- 
ing in force around our right in the direction of Lees- 



44 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

burg and Aldie, and already preparing for a bold push 
into Pennsylvania. 



IN FRONT OF WASHINGTON. 

It was dark, on the evening of the 31st, when our 
brigade left Centerville — ^joining in the general move- 
ment of the army back toward the defenses of Wash- 
ington. The road was crammed with trains and troops 
all the way back to Fairfax. The roads were almost 
impassable with mud. The night was wet and chilly, 
and as we marched alone:, or stood waiting in the rain 
and mud, it seemed the most starless night of our lives. 
Doubtless defeat and anxiety made it still more gloomy 
than nature intended. We marched only five miles 
during the entire night, and halted the next morning 
at Fairfax Court House for breakfast. Then Sigel's 
corps moved off on the road to New Vienna, while the 
rest of the army moved on toward Alexandria. We 
passed through New Vienna, and halted on the Lees- 
burg pike, six miles from Chain Bridge, where we re- 
mained four days with only slight demonstrations of 
cavalry in our front. 

Gen. Lee is now moving with energy toward Mary- 
land ; and our main army is pouring through Washing- 
ton to check his advance. Gen. Pope is superseded, 
and Gen. McClellan is appointed to command. The 
Army of Virginia is merged into the Army of the Po- 
tomac. Sigel's corps remains in front of Washington, 
as a guard to the capital, while the rest of the army 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 45 

moves into Maryland. We move from our camp on the 
Leesburg pike, and stop for a day at the Hall farm — 
then on toward Alexandria to the Glebe farm, near 
Ball's Cross-roads, and only five miles from Washing- 
ton : the dome of the capital being visible from our 
camp. Our brigade remained here for ten days, and 
then moved again some three miles to Munson's Hill, 
near Falls Church. We encamped here during the re- 
mainder of September, having a long and much-needed 
rest. 

During this time the battles of South Mountain and 
Antietam were fought, and Lee compelled to fall back 
to Winchester. Sigel's lines are again thrown forward 
to Centerville, at which place our division halts a few 
days. Then McLean's brigade makes a reconnoisance 
up. the railroad to Bristoe, Catlet's and Warrenton 
Junction. We drive a small party of rebels before us, 
skirmishing with them in several places. We could now 
see what trains of stores and supplies had been burned 
during the second Bull Run battle, and could easily be- 
lieve the story of millions destroyed. In four days our 
brigade returned to Centerville, and went into camp 
again. Here we now awaited the movements of the 
main Potomac army. 

It was late in October when Gen. McClellan recrossed 
the Potomac, and came sv*'eeping along the base of the 
Blue Ridge. At every gap in the mountains we could 
hear his cannon. Lee was thus compelled to fall back 
from Winchester, and there was promise of a stirring 
campaign. 

The Seventy-third Ohio was now transferred from 



46 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

McLean's brigade, and placed in a new one, formed of 
three new regiments, just entering the fiehi, and our 
own. Our associated regiments were the One Hun- 
dred and Thirty-fourth and One Hundred and Thirty 
sixth New York, and the Thirty-third Massachusetts.. 
The brigade was placed under the command of Col. Or- 
land Smith, and was designated the Second brigade,, 
Second division of Sigel's corps— Gen. Steinwehr being, 
in command of our division. The Seventy-third regi- 
ment was moved back to Fairfax Court House, where 
the brigade was organized. 

On the last day of October, our regiment received 
one hundred and twenty new recruits from Ohio. 

Col. Smith being detailed to command the brigade, 
Lieut.-Col. Long took command of the regiment. 



ON THE WAR-PATH AGAIN. 



Early in November we went forward again, passing 
through Bull Run battle-ground, and seeing, for the 
first time, the shallow graves of our dead comrades. 
We pass through Gainesville and Haymarket, to Car- 
ter's switch, on the Manassas Gap road, two miles from 
Thoroughfare Gap. McClellan is still moving up that 
beautiful valley between the Catocktin range and the 
Blue Ridge. His cannon tells every day of some ad- 
vance. Lee is rapidly falling back to make his commu- 
nications secure. Our division moves on to New Balti- 
more. McClellan's advance is at Warrenton and Rap- 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 47 

pahannock Station. The army is in great expectation 
that something masterly is to be done. But suddenly 
we are ordered back to Thoroughfare Gap, and the word 
comes to us that McCIellan is removed from command, 
and so we are to begin anew under a new leader. The 
army was greatly disheartened by this event, and we 
longed to be in the West — some where — any where, that 
we might be rescued from the influence of Washington 
politicians, and allowed a fair chance. 

Gen. Burnside is appointed to command the arm y 
and he moves at once, with his main force, dovrn the 
Rappahannock toward Fredericksburg, while Sigel's 
corps is ordered back to Centerville and Fairfax. 



FAIRFAX AND GERMANTOWN. 

Our division went into camp at Germantown, near 
Fairfax Court House, where it remained until winter 
had fairly set in. About the first of December our reg- 
iment was ordered to Fairfax station, four miles from 
the Court House. Here we went into camp again, and 
assisted in building an excellent road from the station 
to the Court House, over which the supplies for our 
corps were to be carried. 

We have built us a new camp, and are indulging 
pleasant thoughts of comfortable winter-quarters, when 
there come rumors of a new campaign, and all our 
visions of winter-quarters vanish. 



48 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



MARCH TO FALMOUTH. 



December 12th, Sigel's corps is on the march to 
Fredericksburg, to join the main army, and we take 
our place in the column as it marches past the Station. 
We cross the Ocoquan at Wolf Run shoals, and pass 
through a country that is worn-out, and much of it 
abandoned land, but which has grown into beauty, at 
least, with a fine growth of young evergreen and forest 
trees. Our column halts for a night and day at Dum- 
fries, the ancient county-seat of Prince William, but 
now a decayed village, with half a score of old wooden 
houses. Yonder, on the hill, stands the old court house, 
where Patrick Henry made some of his most celebrated 
speeches. So we are on historic ground. 

But now the heavy boom of cannon in the distance, 
tells us that more eventful history is being made by 
our own comrades in arms. The battle of Fredericks- 
burg is in progress, and we push forward again. We 
rest for a night near Stafford Court House, and then go 
on to Falmouth, on the north side of the river, and a 
mile above Fredericksbur<r. 



BATTLE OF FREDERICKSBURG. 

When we arrived, there was still desultory artillery 
firing across the Rappahannock, and Gen. Franklin, 
with his grand division, was yet on the other side of the 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 49 

river. We expected, on our arrival to go at once into 
the fight, and, doubtless, it was at that time intended 
to give us a share of the work. We were, indeed, on the 
next evening ordered forward, and, starting at dusk, 
marched until one o'clock at night, accomplishing only 
one or two miles. Evidently the intention of renewing 
the battle was abandoned after we were ordered from 
our camp. About midnight, we were turned aside from 
the Fredericksburg road, and at one o'clock laid down 
to rest. 

That night Gen. Franklin retired across the river, and 
the battle of Fredericksburg was ended. The poorly- 
executed attack, the terrible slaughter, and the disas- 
trous repulse have passed into history. The loss of our 
army was very great ; that of the enemy very slight ; 
and yonder, on those hights, still flaunts the rebel flag 
and frown the rebel batteries before which so many of 
our noble boys went down. Deeper and deeper the 
gloom gathers over us ; and the brave old Army of the 
Potomac seems doomed to failure. 



ENCAMPMENT NEAR FALMOUTH. 

It is the middle of December, and our division is 
ordered into camp on the extreme right of the army, a 
mile above Falmouth, while the rest of the corps go 
back to Stafi'ord Court House and Brooks' station. 
Here we perform picket duty for a month. Our brig- 
ade picketed the bank of the river for the distance of a 
5 



50 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

mile, near Banks' ford. The rebel pickets are just on 
the opposite bank of the river, and they converse freely 
across the stream. Some, indeed, cross over and ex- 
change courtesies, and they often meet on the rocks in 
the river, and exchange newspapers, tobacco, coffee, etc. 

About the middle of January it was rumored that 
another attempt was to be made to dislodge the enemy 
from his stronghold on the Hights of Fredericksburg. 
Gen. Burnside seemed anxious to redeem the tremen- 
dous misfortunes of the first effort. Accordingly he 
issued his order, announcing to the army his determi- 
nation, and caused it to be read to every regiment — 
urging, along with the announcement, that ofiicers and 
men should make united exertion for the success of this 
second undertaking. On the same afternoon that the 
order was read we were hastily put in light marching 
order, and made ready for the movement. There was 
great anxiety throughout the army, but not much hope 
inspired concerning this enterprise. 

It was the intention of Gen. Burnside to cross the 
river, on pontoons, above the city, at Banks' or United 
States ford, and fall upon the left and rear of the rebel 
position. 



"burnside stuck in the mud." 

On the afternoon of January 20th, the main army, 
which had been encamped at Belle Plains, and on the 
plateau in front of Fridericksburg, moved around, out 
of rebel view, toward Banks' ford, while those forces 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 51 

which had been guarding the river moved in an oppo- 
site direction. Steinwehr's division moved to a point 
about a mile below the city. Just as we started, it be- 
gan to rain. The day was cold and chilly, and the 
rain, drizzling at first, but afterward pouring, made out- 
door life unattractive. We reached our position after 
dark, and lay all night in a drenching rain. We had 
been notified that an attack was to be made by the bat- 
teries in front of the city at six in the morning, under 
cover of which the main army was to cross the river 
above ; but six o'clock passed without firing a gun, and 
it was self-evident that this day was not a desirable time 
for crossing the swelling Rappahannock. The wagon 
and pontoon trains and artillery tried to move, but the 
roads were impracticable. All day it continued to rain. 
The ardor of the army became more and more damp- 
ened as the waters rose higher and the mud grew 
deeper ; and, in the afternoon, the rebel pickets fur- 
nished the headlines for the Northern press, by posting 
up placards opposite our picket-posts, with ''^Burnside 
Stuck in the Mud !" in large capitals. They thus wrote 
the history of the expedition ; for, after remaining out 
in the rain and mud two days, the army moved back 
into its old quarters, and the movement was abandoned. 
Our division occupied its old camp, above Falmouth, 
and remained during January, still filling its place in 
the picket-line along the Rappahannock. During the 
last days of the month, our regiment built a new and 
beautiful camp, still further up the river. Hid away in 
a park of young evergreens, our village of cabins was a 
picture for an artist to admire. But it was entirely too 



52 JOURNAL- niS TORY OF THE 

nice. Every soldier knows that -when you get rjady 
to stay in camp, you may expect marcliing orders at 
once. And so it was; we only got to rest. two nights 
in our splendid winter-quarters. 



MARCH TO STAFFORD COURT HOUSE. 

We were to rejoin our corps at Stafford Court House. 
Gen. Burnside had been relieved, and Gen. Hooker 
assigned to the command of the Army of the Potomac, 
and the forces were to be equipped, and somewhat re- 
organized for the spring campaign. We were moved to 
a position halfway between Stafford Court House and 
Brooks' station, and two miles from either. Here again 
we built us a comfortable camp, and went to work 
drilling and preparing a thorough outfit and equipment. 
Gen. Sigel, commanding our corps, asked to be relieved, 
and Gen. O. 0. Howard was assigned to the place. 

Ours was now the Eleventh corps of the Potomac 
army. Gen. Barlow was assigned to the command of 
our brigade; which order, of course, returned Col. 
Smith to his regiment again. Gen. Hooker gave his 
attention at once to a most thorough organization of his 
army — feeding, clothing, and equipping it also in an 
excellent manner. During February, March and April, 
the work of preparation went steadily on. 

President Lincoln visited and reviewed the army in 
April, and evidently went back to Washington assured 
that the condition and morale of the army was never 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 53 

better. These reviews were grand, indeed, and broke 
the monotony of our ordinary camp life with sufficient 
"pomp and circumstance" to make them memorable. 
On the first of these gala-days, Gen. Stoneman's cav- 
alry (15,000 strong) and about ten batteries of flying 
artillery passed in review on the extensive plateau 
above Falmouth Station. On the second day, five 
corps of infantry, and all the artillery belonging to 
these corps, were reviewed. These corps combined 
were about 60,000 strong, and their review was a mag- 
nificent pageant. Line after line, and column after 
column stretched away over the plain ; and in their 
truly martial bearing, gave one an idea of the majesty 
and power of a mighty army. On the third day, our 
own corps and the Twelfth, which was also encamped on 
the Stafford hills, were reviewed by the President and 
Gen. Hooker. 

And now, as the spring and its campaign approached, 
the prospect looked greatly more hopeful. The Army 
of the Potomac was 100,000 strong, and thoroughly 
equipped. Only the shallow Rappahannock lay be- 
tween it and the army of Lee, and any day might bring 
on a collision, and be rendered memorable as the battle- 
day of the two great armies. 



THE SPRING CAMPAIGN. 



The enemy seemed resting securely in his strong 
position at Fredericksburg Hights. He threw out a 



54 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

strong picket, however, both up and down the river, 
apparently uncertain which route Gen. Hooker would 
take, in the event of his crossing. 

On the 27th of April, our corps broke camp at Staf- 
ford, and moved, by way of Hartwood Church, to Kel- 
ley's ford — a point about twenty-five miles above Fred- 
ericksburg, and ten miles above the confluence of the 
Rappahannock and the Rapidan. We found the 
Twelfth and Fifth corps moving for the same point, 
and at once understood that the grand campaign had 
begun. We reached Kelly's ford about noon of the 
28th ; and a little after dark, our corps commenced 
crossing the river. Gens. Slocum and Meade followed, 
and by nine o'clock of the 29th, our whole force was 
safely across the Rappahannock. The Fifth corps 
marched thence, by w^ay of Ely's ford, on the Rapidan ; 
while the Eleventh and Twelfth corps marched by way 
of Germanna mills. 

Late in the afternoon, Gen. Stuart, with 2,000 cav- 
alry, fell upon our flank, and captured a few prisoners. 
He threw some shells into our marching column. Our 
regiment formed line-of-battle, and guarded the rear of 
the column as it passed. Our corps rested near, and 
the Twelfth at, Germanna mills. We crossed the Rapi- 
dan next morning, and at noon advanced on the Fred- 
ericksburg plank road, and, passing through the Wil- 
derness, arrived, after dark, within two miles of Chan- 
cellorsville, where we halted and encamped. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 55 



BATTLE OF CIIANCELLORSVILLE. 

In the afternoon, Gen. Hooker's order was read to 
the troops, congratulating our corps upon their successful 
flank movement, and saying that the enemy must noAV 
*'ingloriously fly, or give us battle on our own ground, 
where certain destruction awaits him." We rested un- 
disturbed that night, and until noon of the next day, 
when the brigade was called into line along the plank 
road. Skirmishing was brisk in our front, and espe- 
cially heavy in our left front. We went to work, in the 
evening, making rifle-pits, parallel to and across the 
plank road. Gen. Sickles, with the Third corps, had 
crossed the river at United States ford, and the head 
of his column met and connected with ours at Chan- 
cellorsville. 

On Saturday morning. May 2d, as we lay along the 
plank road, awaiting the events of the day, Gen. Hooker 
passed along the lines, and was hailed with such enthu- 
siasm as we never witnessed before. All along the line 
flags waved, bands played, and tens of thousands of 
soldiers sent up their shouts of earnest greeting that 
made the very heavens ring. It was all impromptu — 
all spontaneous, all honest, hearty, hopeful cheer. 
"Fighting Joe Hooker" was the leader of as proud an 
hundred thousand men as ever stood to arms; and as 
he rode along the lines where their bayonets gleamed 
in the morning sunlight, with the full enthusiasm of 
their patriotic pride, those veteran thousands shouted 
their hearty Hail ! and Huzzah I 



56 



JOURNAL-IirSTORY OF THE 



We were advised that the enemy were passing along 
our front toward our right, and Gen. Howard was 
ordered by Gen. Hooker to mass his corps so as to 
protect the right flank; nevertheless, no dispositions 
whatever were made to meet an enera^ coming from 
that direction. The pickets, the scouts and the officer 
of the day, all reported to Gen. Devens, commanding 
the division on the right of the corps, that the enemy 
was massing on that flank. But Gen. Devens was not 
in a condition to appreciate the situation. He. how- 
ever, rebuked and insulted his informants for bringing 
such reports. Afterward these men were denounced as 
"cowards," while the newspapers said "the brave 
Devens was again wounded in the foot." The truth 
was that neither the commander of the corps nor of the 
respective divisions whose duty it was to guard the flank 
had made any preparation to ^neet the enemy in that 
direction; and the attack of his massed column of 
20,000 was a surprise from which the men could not 
recover— a shock which they could not resist. 

Just after noon. Gen. Birney, who commanded a 
division in the Third corps, pushed out in our left front 
—skirmished with and drove before him a force of the 
enemy. Following them up, he soon found himself in 
front of our corps. He now sent a request to Gen. 
Howard to send him a brigade as a support. Gen. 
Howard ordered Gen. Barlow to report with his brigade 
to Gen. Birney ; and, about two o'clock, the brigade 
stacked knapsacks, and moved out to the front. Gen. 
Birney surrounded and captured an entire rebel regi- 
ment, and pushed on out some five miles to the front. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 57 

He encountered no considerable force, however; and 
late in the evening, the entire expedition started to re- 
turn. We had heard considerable firing during the 
latter part of the afternoon ; but not until we were half 
way back were we advised of the disaster which had 
fallen upon our corps. Then we learned that, about 
five o'clock, Stonewall Jackson, with a force of 20,000 
men, that had been massed in the woods within a few 
hundred yards of the camps of Gens. Devens and Shurz, 
suddenly moved upon them in five massed columns, 
striking their right flank and right rear — surprising and 
driving them before him in panic and confusion ; that 
the troops thus surprised, most of whom were Germans, 
broke and gave way, in many instances without at- 
tempting resistance to the rebel advance; and that the 
regiments and brigades that did try to stand, were 
driven back with terrible loss — McLean's and Bush- 
beck's brigades being literally cut to pieces. This dis- 
graceful surprise of the Eleventh corps was all charged, 
by popular clamor, to the cowardice of the men; but it 
is evident that no corps in our army could have with- 
stood such a shock if they had been allowed to be 
surprised and panic-stricken, as were these. And to 
the officers mainly, who failed to give attention to our 
flank, this disaster was justly chargeable. 

Gen. Barlow, finding that the enemy had possession 
of the ground where the brigade had stacked knapsacks, 
turned to the right, and marched toward Chancellors- 
ville, halting within a mile of that place, and resting 
on arms for the night. 

The enemy (after possessing himself of all the ground 
6 



68 



JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



^ held by the Eleventh corps, and a part of that at one 
time held by the Twelfth) halted, and Gen. Jackson 
prepared for another onset. This brought them into 
the night, and, about nine o'clock, a rebel brigade ad- 
vanced against our lines north of the plank road. But 
a well-directed fire from Sickles' line and a few volleys 
from our batteries on the hill sent them back again. 

On the high, open ground in front of " Chancellor 
House" had been planted thirty-six guns, all looking 
down the plank road, in the direction of the enemy. 
To seize this important key, and, if possible, capture 
our cannon, seems to have been Jackson's ambition ; 
and a little before midnight, his force was massed in the 
woods south of the plank road, and with a front of bat- 
tle a third of a mile long, and his left touching the road, 
he advanced to the open ground commanded by our 
batteries. 

As his line emerged from the woods, our skirmishers 
opened upon them, and, in a moment, as if by one com- 
mand, Jackson's entire line was one mighty line of fire. 
Tlien our infantry on the hill-side poured in a telling 
response, and for a moment the roar of musketry was 
deafening and terrible, and then above it rose '' clearer 
and deadlier" the thunder of our splendid batteries on 
the hill. A semi-circle of flame lit up the field. The 
air was thick with missiles of death, that went shriek- 
ing and screaming over the heads of our comrades and 
into the enemy's masses; and for half an hour the 
heavens fairly glowed with flaming cannon and bursting 
shell, and the flash of ten thousand muskets. Dark 
clouds of smoke gathered over the field, and, lit up 



SEVENTY-TniPvD OHIO VOL. REGIMENT. 59 

with the lurid flame of battle, made the scene terribly, 
awfully grand. We trembled for a moment to think of 
the possibility of success to the foe ; but our hearts 
grew calm and confident again, when we saw them 
driven back in disorder by the terrible fire of our ar- 
tillery and infantry. 

In this midnight attack, the rebels lost their impetu- 
ous leader — Stonewall Jackson — who fell mortally 
wounded. 

At daylight, on Sunday morning, May 3d, our brig- 
ade moved on to the Chancellor House, and beyond. 
Fresh troops were coming in to strengthen the lines 
south of the plank road, and skirmishing had already 
begun. Barlow's brigade was moved to a position 
about a mile from Chancellorsville, on the right-hand 
road to the United States Ford. During the night two 
lines had been formed from Chancellorsville to the ford, 
forming a kind of ellipse, and inclosing an area five 
miles long and one or two miles wide. Temporary 
works had been and were yet being constructed along 
these lines ; and six corps were so disposed as to pre- 
sent a formidable front to the enemy, come from what- 
ever direction he might. 

We had but a small semi-circle left to us across the 
plank road, simply inclosing the open ground in front 
of the Chancellor House. This was held by the Twelfth 
corps, while the Third and Fifth held to the right of 
this in the direction of the Wilderness. The enemy 
commenced the attack at six o'clock in the morning. 
His attacks were directed against our lines across the 
plank road, and west to the Ely's Ford road, where his 



^^ JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



forces were massed in the dense woods which extend 
for miles toward the Wilderness. Six hundred yards 
m rear of the Mansion House, our batteries were 
massed in a commanding position. And now began 
one of the most determined and hotly-contested en- 
gagements known during the war. For four long hours 
there was one incessant roar of cannon and small arms, 
along a semi-circular front of battle a mile and a half 
in extent. The conflict was desperate and deadly. 
The enemy fought mainly under cover of the woods, 
but could use no cannon with effect; while our forces 
were partly sheltered, and our cannon, advantageously 
posted, sent death into the enemy's ranks. On the 
right, the tide of battle swayed back and forward again 
and again; the ground, in some places, being foucrht 
over half a dozen times. But across the plank roadthe 
enemy pushed steadily and boldly forward, until by 
eleven o'clock, the Twelfth corps had been compelled 
to yield all the ground beyond the Mansion House 
and the road. About eleven o'clock the firing slack- 
ened, and by noon had almost entirely ceased. 

During the afternoon there was not much severe 
fighting. At times the fires would burst out with great 
energy, and we would think another general engage- 
ment was begun. Then it would subside into an in-eg- 
lar skirmish fire, or cease altogether. It was durinc 
one of these outbursts that our brigade was brought for"^ 
ward to be thrown into the fight. We were massed in 
rear of the batteries, and awaited for an hour the op- 
portunity or the necessity to use our bayonets ; but 
the enemy did not press our lines, and our bayonets 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 61 

were not needed. Hence we were only engaged in skir- 
mishing during the day, and even that was light. 

On the next day there was occasional skirmishing 
along the lines ; but the enemy did not again attack 
us. There lay six corps of our army behind eight or 
ten miles of breastworks, perfectly secure in their posi- 
tion ; and, so far as we knew, not only amply able to 
hold it, but also able to abandon it, and, taking the 
offensive, move successfully on the enemy. 

Tuesday was but a repetition of Monday ; and Wed- 
nesday was a triplicate of the same. During all these 
days we lay behind our works or on our arms, ready 
for work at a moment's warning. Everybody won- 
dered why we did not do something, and everybody 
wondered what was the best thing to do ; and so, in sus- 
pense and anxiety, the days went by. 



BACK TO THE HILLS OF STAFFORD. 

On Wednesday night, we were ordered to be ready 
to move, and during that night and the next morning, 
the whole army retired across the Rappahannock. Why 
we were falling back, nobody knew. We had lost but a 
few thousand men ; we had yet nearly a hundred thou- 
sand, intrenched in a strong position, with a base on 
the river, where two or three pontoons connected us 
with our supplies. Two-thirds of our army had not 
participated in the fight at all ; and if it had been policy 



62 



JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



to cross the Rappahannock in the first place, we could 
see no reason for going back. 

Most of the armj moved into their old encampments; 
and for a few weeks we seemed to wait for something 
to turn up. We had a month of very pleasant spring 
life in our camp among the pine hills of Stafford. Gen. 
Barlow was assigned to the command of the First 
division of our corps, and Col. Smith was again detailed 
to command our brigade. The One Hundred and 
Thirty-fourth New York volunteers was transferred 
from the brigade, and the Fifty-fifth Ohio was assigned 
to it. We were glad to welcome into our brigade this 
gallant regiment of Ohio men. We had been associ- 
ated with them before in the old Ohio brigade, com- 
manded by Gen. McLean. We knew their soldierly 
bearing and character, and that, in the hour of trial, 
there were none more brave and true. 

Early in June, there were rumors of a movement of 
the rebel army across the Rappahannock. A force of 
cavalry and infantry was sent to watch their movements 
and unmask their designs. This reconnoisance resulted 
in an engagement at Beverly Ford, where our cavalry 
first began to give evidence of spirit and valor. Infor- 
mation was also gained that the enemy was moving in 
force toward the Shenandoah valley, with the probable 
intention of a campaign northward. It was thus made 
necessary for Gen. Hooker to put his army in motion. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 63 



THE MARCH INTO MARYLAND AND PENNSYLVANIA. 

On the 12th of June, we received orders to march, 
and, with light hearts, filed out of camp. Our corps 
marched by Hartwood Church to Catlet's Station. The 
army was now maintaining a defensive line from the 
Rappahannock Station to Centerville. On the 14th, 
we marched to Manassas, and the next day on to Cen- 
terville. Here we received fuller information of the 
rebel raid. Their cavalry had already reached Penn- 
sylvania. 

On the 17th, we moved by Gum Spring to Goose 
Creek, six miles from Leesburg. The whole army was 
coming forward. We stopped at Goose Creek for a 
week, waiting for the plans and purposes of Gen. Lee 
to develop. June 24th, our march was resumed, and 
that night we rested at Edward's Ferry, on the Potomac. 
Next morning we crossed the river on a pontoon bridge, 
and pushed rapidly forward. We passed Point of Rocks, 
crossed the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the Mono- 
cacy river, marching through rain and mud, and halt- 
ing, just before midnight, near the village of Jefferson, 
only to lie down in the mud, and try to sleep in the 
drenching rain. On the following day, we moved on 
through Middleton. The early harvest was just ripen- 
ing, and the country was beautiful as a garden. The 
South Mountains rose up grandly before us; and the 
splendid farming lands through which we passed seemed 
to us the finest we had ever seen. Many citizens of 
Maryland seemed sullen and indifferent ; but some were 



64 



JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



glad, and gave us earnest welcome. At Middleton, 
however, we were received with the heartiest demon- 
strations of joy. And when we compared the deso- 
late fields of Virginia, from which we had just come, 
with this rich and teeming land, full of wealth, beauty 
and comfort, truly it seemed we had found ^' God's 
country" again. 

Our corps went into camp between Middleton and 
South Mountain Pass. There were some of the inhab- 
itants of the neighborhood of our camp whose sympa- 
thies ran like the Kittocktin— Southward. Our boys 
did not have any extra respect for these Maryland 
rebels, who treated the ''Lincolnites'' with sullen inso- 
lence, and charged a double price for every thing they 
sold to our men ; and from this cause, doubtless, arose 
the rumor that their chickens rested poorly of nights 
and their early potatoes were not likely to take the 
second growth. After a day's rest, we climbed the 
mountain, and encamped at what was called the South 
Mountain Pass. From this mountain summit, we had 
a splendid view of the rich, low-lying country for forty 
miles to the westward. There ran the Antietam— now 
become historic ; there lay Boonsboro', and Keedysville 
and Sharpsburg : and the whole country from Harper's 
Ferry to Hagerstown spread like a map before us, beau- 
tifully colored with the green of the growing corn, and 
the gold of the ripening harvest. 

The enemy was ^now passing through Hagarstown, 
toward Chambersburg, and evidently had Baltimore in 
view as an objective point. 

On the evening of June 28th, our corps marched back 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 65 

through Middleton to Frederick City, where we slept 
till daylight of the 29th, and again pushed forward, ar- 
riving at Emmittsburg at four o'clock in the afternoon, 
having marched thirty^eight miles in twenty-four hours, 
carrying knapsacks, blankets, sixty rounds of ammuni- 
tion, and three days' rations. This march, which, for 
rapidity, has rarely been excelled during the war, led 
us through a very rich farming district. But the citi- 
zens seemed wonderfully indifferent to the danger 
threatened by an invading army. They only exhibited 
curiosity and wonder at seeing so many soldiers; and, 
from their remarks, evidently thought our force was 
abundantly able to annihilate the rest of the human 
family. We expected to see them rising as. one man, 
and rushing to arms to defend their homes. We only 
saw them rush to the fields with scythe, and reaper, and 
leave the work of driving back the foe all undivided to 
ourselves. 

We remained a day at Emmittsburg, and, on the 
morning of July 1st, moved toward Gettysburg. We 
had just crossed the line into Pennsylvania, when, 
about ten o'clock, we heard the firing of cannon ahead. 
Citizens told us the firing was a mile or two beyond 
the town. VVe were hurried forward almost on the 
double-quick. The men suffered terribly from thirst 
and heat; but still we were urged forward, and we 
knew there was imminency of disaster at the front. 
Just before noon, our division reached Cemetery Hill, 
and at a glance discovered the enemy advancing, two 
miles in our front, while our own troops were slowly 
falling back on the town of Gettysburg. 



66 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG. 



It was just as we reached Cemetery Hill, and while 
the engagement was going on in our front, that we j 
learned of the removal of Gen. Hooker, and the ap- ' 
pointment of Gen. Meade to command the Army of the 
Potomac. Of course, it seemed to us unfortunate 
that a change so sudden and unexpected should have 
occurred at a time so critical. Still, it was impossible 
for us to know the motives that induced, or the circum- 
stances that demanded such a change. We learned 
also, that Gen. Reynolds, commanding the First corps, 
had been. killed in the engagement of the morning; 
that, though he had gained temporary advantages early 
in the contest, he had ultimately been outnumbered, and 
his corps driven back with loss. 

The First and Third divisions of our corps were hur- 
ried through the town, and at once thrown into the 
fight to check the rebel advance; and Gen. Howard as- 
sumed command of the field. Gen. Meade not having 
yet arrived. Steinwehr's division rested for a little 
while in the quiet cemetery on the hill, where the vil- 
lagers of Gettysburg had buried their dead, and adorned 
their resting places with tasteful memorials. It was a 
solemn place to rest and reflect before going into 
battle. Soon, however, we were ordered into line 
on the right of the town, across and parallel with the 
Baltimore turnpike. We threw down the fences, and 
took position, our division being so disposed as to hold 
Cemetery Hill in case of any further reverses at the 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 67 

front. Here we lay until about four o'clock in the 
afternoon, when our brigade was relieved by other 
troops ; and again we were massed on the hill. 

The contest was now raging anew in the front of the 
town ; and our men were forced to retire from that po- 
sition, which they did in tolerable order, but not until 
we had lost heavily in killed, wounded and prisoners. 
By this time, other troops began to arrive on the field. 
It was a critical moment, however, and had the enemy 
made a bold dash, it had been difficult for us to hold 
the hill. The Seventy-third Ohio was massed for 
awhile in front of our batteries, on the left of the pike, 
and here received the first stray shots from the enemy, 
one or two of our men being wounded. The First 
corps, and the two divisions of our corps that had been 
in the fight, came pouring back through the town, and 
were rapidly disposed so as to hold the Cemetery Hill. 

Other troops arriving, extended our lines right and 
left, while our corps circled around the point of the 
hill next to the town. Our lines of battle now ran 
along the Taaeytown road, facing north, and along 
and in front of the Baltimore turnpike, facing east, — 
the two lines meeting at nearly a right-angle at the 
edge of the town, and inclosing the Cemetery Hill, on 
which our cannon was massed. 

It seemed to us unfortunate that the town was given 
up to the ememy, for it was at once filled with rebel 
sharp-shooters, and their work of death was begun. 

When our forces had entirely withdrawn from the 
town, the Seventy-third Ohio, with a portion of the 
brigade, was again sent across the turnpike, and took 



68 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

position forward in the angle of our lines, and but a 
few yards from that part of the village nearest the hill. 
A few shots were exchanged with the rebel sharp- 
shooters, two men of our regiment being wounded. At 
ten o'clock at night, we were again relieved, and re- 
tired to the hill, where we lay down and slept heavily 
after the fatigue of the day. We lay on the grass, 
among the neatly-trimmed graves; and some, with no 
irreverence, rested their heads on the green hillocks 
for pillows, and slept without a superstitious dream, but 
with the assurance that to-morrow's sun would bring 
earnest and bloody work. 

At three o'clock on the morning of July 2d, our regi- 
ment was wakened up, and at once moved into a posi- 
tion in an orchard that skirted the town, and fronting 
on the Taneytown road. After daylight, the battalion 
was deployed along this road, with only the Fifty-fifth 
Ohio between us and the village. Our skirmishers were 
thrown forward beyond the Emraittsburg road, and we 
understood that to our division was assigned the work 
of holding this central ground,- — this vital point in our 
grand line of battle, — and guarding the batteries on the 
hill. How well we did it, let history tell. 

During the night, the other corps of the army ar- 
rived and were disposed for battle in the following or- 
der : Slocum's Twelfth corps, on the right ; Hancock's 
Second corps, on our left; with Sickles' Third corps 
still farther to the left; and extending our line of bat- 
tle beyond the Roundtop Mountain, a mile and a half 
from the village. The remaining troops were held in 
reserve, or disposed as they were needed in the front 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 69 

line of battle. There was an ominous silence during 
the forenoon, an occasional gun or a dash of skirmish- 
ers ; but we all knew that the storm would come, and 
our generals prepared to meet it. 

About the middle of the afternoon, the enemy's bat- 
teries opened on our position, and were immediately 
replied to by our own guns, commandingly planted on 
Cemetery Hill in the center, Slocum's Hill on the right, 
and Roundtop Mountain on the left. And now raged 
for two hours the most terrific cannonade to which we 
had ever listened. The fire of the rebel batteries con- 
verged on Cemetery Hill ; they were arranged in a 
semi-circular line of battle, inclosing like a sack our 
own lines ; their fire was not very accurate, but their 
shot and shell fell upon the hill like hail. The stone 
fence, behind which we had a partial shelter from their 
skirmish fire, was little protection now. Indeed, 
the cross-fire of the rebel batteries in front of the 
Twelfth corps became so heavy, and got range of us so 
well, as to induce a change of our battalion to the 
front side of the wall. Still, there were few of our 
men injured by this heavy cannonade, in which from 
one hundred to one hundred and sixty guns were used 
on each side. 

Finally, the artillery chorus ceased on their part, and 
their infantry was sent forward. They had massed on 
our left, and the blow fell there first ; but the brave 
boys of the Third corps stood like a wall of fire against 
their advance. There was fearful work on the left ; 
the roll of musketry was almost deafening. Then the 
tide of battle surged toward the center, and fell upon 



^^ JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Hancock's corps ; but there too the foe was met with 
veteran firmness. Still, the struggle all along our left 
and left center was desperate and deadly; on both 
sides there was advancing and retiring, charging and 
recharging ; and the murderous fire of the rebel smull 
arms, and of musketry with cannon on our side, cov- 
ered the field with the wounded and slain. Finally, the 
impetuous charge of fresh troops broke the rebel lines, 
captured thousands of prisoners, and drove the remnant 
of their charging column back over the bloody field. 

The fire now became heavier in our immediate front. 
Their skirmishers had been heavily reinforced. They 
had gained a fence on a low-lying ridge, from which 
they could not only annoy our skirmish and battle lines, 
but also our gunners on the hill. It became necessary 
to drive them back, in order to protect our batteries. 
Accordingly, our whole brigade line of skirmishers 
charged and drove them from the ridge; but, going too 
far, and the enemy being reinforced, they in turn, 
charged and drove back our line again, with heavy 
loss. From this time until the close of the battle, there 
was a most cruel fire of skirmishers and sharp-shooters 
all along the center. It sometimes amounted almost to 
the fire of a line of battle, and was especially deadly 
from its deliberateness of aim. 

About sunset, a heavy infantry fire opened on the 
right, in front of Slocum's corps. The enemy had 
massed there too, and pushed forward now with des- 
perate energy to overpower and turn our right. The 
deep and solemn roll of thirty thousand muskets, told 
how earnest and deadly was the strife. The enemy 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 71 

pushed forward, slowly but steadily gaining ground. 
Back toward the turnpike were pressed the hard-fight- 
ing battalions of the Twelfth corps, still disputing every 
inch of ground with a courage and tenacity that told 
how well they knew its worth. Nor had the enemy 
abandoned his work upon our left. Far out upon that 
flank he was pushing his columns, and fighting to gain 
position. 

Darkness closed in upon the armies, still struggling 
in the fierce and bloody grasp of battle. The enemy 
put forth almost superhuman exertions to drive back 
the right and left wings of our army, and meet in our 
rear. At one time, our right was driven back to, and 
partly across the turnpike. Their cannon-range already 
spanned the ground, and the shot and shell from their 
batteries in front of Slocum and Sickles met in rear of 
Cemetery Hill, overlapping more and more as our right 
was borne backward. 

Sometime after dark, the fire on our left ceased ; but 
still the dreadful carnacije on our right went on. On 
into the night flashed those thirty thousand muskets, 
only lessening in number as brave men bit the dust. 
About nine o'clock, our right made a stand, from which 
it could not be driven. In turn the enemy was now 
driven back, and most of the ground we had lost was 
regained. Gradually the fire on both sides abated, 
and our hearts were lifted up with the hope of victory, 
as another day's battle closed, leaving us in possession 
of the field. 

Y(e began to wrap our blankets around us and think 
of snatching a little rest; still, however, in line of bat- 



72 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

tie, and each man grasping his gun. Suddenly wo 
heard firing close to the town, just at the point of the 
hill in front of our batteries, across the turnpike. A 
hurried movement of troops in that direction, and a 
lively fire of small arms, gave indication of serious 
work. A division of rebel infantry had been massed 
close up to our line, just at the edge of the town ; and 
just as our men were preparing to rest on arms, and 
about eleven o'clock at night, this division charged the 
hill in massed column, and without waiting to contest 
the ground with our first line of battle, went through that 
line, charged right on, up to our batteries, and even 
got possession of one or two guns. The cannoniers de- 
fended their pieces bravely with pistols, sabers, stones, 
etc.; and one man at least killed his assailant with a 
spunge-stafF. It was a short but daring hand-to-hand 
contest, and the enemy had well-nigh gotten a foot- 
hold on the hill, when reinforcements reached the 
ground, retook the guns, charged the rebels vigorously, 
driving them back in confusion, and capturing many 
prisoners. This bold charge on our right center ended 
the conflict for the night, and both armies rested, to 
gather strength for the next day's battle. 

During the night, we could hear the cries of hun- 
dreds of wounded and dying men on the field, in our 
left front, where Hancock repulsed the foe. It was the 
most distressful wail we ever listened to. Thousands 
of sufferers upon the field, and hundreds lying between 
the two skirmish lines, who could not be cared for, 
through the night were groaning and wailing or crying 
out in their depth of sufi'ering and pain. They were 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 73 

the mingled cries of friend and foe that were borne to 
us on the night-breeze, as a sad, wailing, painful cry 
for help. 

At daylight, the battle was renewed, heavily on our ' 
right, and with desultory firing all along our lines. 
Slocum, reinforced and refreshed, pushed his lines for- 
ward, retaking all the ground he had lost, and punish- 
ing the enemy terribly. 

An occasional gun from the hill, told that those " dogs 
of war" were not unwatchful of the contest, and every 
eye was strained to see where the cloud was gathering, 
and where the storm would fall to-day ; for we knew 
the final struggle for the mastery of the field must soon 
come. The enemy kept up a heavy skirmish fire in 
our front, and hundreds of rebel sharp-shooters poured 
down our line an enfilading fire that was cruel and 
deadly ; and as we had no defense or covert whatever, 
to screen us from this flank fire of the sharp-shooters, 
we suffered terribly. Again the enemy tried to estab- 
lish himself on the ridge where he could annoy our ar- 
tillerists ; and again our line was compelled to charge 
and recharge his skirmishers, to hold them at bay. In 
one of these charges, our regiment captured about ^ 
twenty prisoners. 

The sharp-shooters in the town became so annoying, 
that the general sent down a six-pound gun to the 
Taneytown road, and shelled the houses where they 
were hidden ; but this only made them worse. To- 
ward noon, the fire abated and finally ceased along the 
lines. There was a lull like that which precedes the 
storm ; and then, about one o'clock, the batteries of 
7 



74 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

both armies opened fire again ; and again the earth 
shook with the deafening thunder of nearly three hun- 
dred cannon, and that terrific hail of iron again fell 
thick and fast upon the hill. Gen. Lee had massed 
his artillery heaviest against our left, and tried hard to 
disable our batteries in that wing. Prisoners taken 
through the day had talked confidently of their suc- 
cess, and we had been advised to "wait till the five 
o'clock charge." But our generals had anticipated, 
and were prepared for it. 

Suddenly, as on yesterday, the artillery duel ceased 
on their part, and their infantry advanced in three 
heavy lines of battle, and one of skirmishers. Here 
were the three chosen divisions of their army, mar- 
shaled by their best officers ; and we shall see whether 
Northmen can stand before them. 

Across the sloping ground in front of Hancock and 
Sickles, they came on with flying colors and well- 
dressed ranks. The scene is like a pageant rather 
than a battle. Our artillery opens upon them, and the 
shot and shell make occasional rents in their line ; but 
they close their ranks splendidly, and move on like 
veterans, as they are. We have a single line of in- 
fantry in front of our guns, — which line now opens fire 
upon the foe. Still they come forward, cheering, and 
hopeful — aye, confident of victory. At the Emmitts- 
burg road, where our line has the protection of a stone 
fence, there is a bloody contest. But the enemy's sec- 
ond line comes forward, and our infantry are driven 
back. Our cannoniers hold their fire ; they must not 
sweep away their own men. On, on, come the exult- 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 75 

ant foe ; one of our advanced batteries is already in 
their hands. Our retreating infantry gain the crest of 
the hill, and our batteries open with canister. At 
every discharge, there were gaps in that line of gray. 
The ground was covered with their dead and wounded. 
Their line wavered, for a moment. Their third line 
did not come promptly to their support ; then our men 
went in with the bayonet and a shout ; and the enemy 
broke and went back in disorder. Hancock threw for- 
ward his right, on the double-quick, plied the bayonet, 
and captured several thousand prisoners ; while ^e 
bleeding remnants of those proud divisions went fly- 
ing back over the field — our artillery playing upon 
them all the time — till they reached the covert of the 
woods. 

This was doubtless the severest struggle of the ever- 
memorable three days at Gettysburg ; and over that 
field the dead and wounded were heaped and strewn 
by thousands. 

Meanwhile, the battle was renewed upon our right, 
with a similar result ; and in the center, too, the firing 
was continuous and heavy. The sharp-shooting from 
the town was terribly fatal. 

At dark, the firing slackened, and soon entirely 
ceased. We were greatly worn and fatigued; and, 
that night, got a little uneasy sleep as we lay on our 
arms. 

The next morning ushered in the anniversary of the 
Nation's birth-day. Who shall say that on this day 
the Nation was not born anew ? For, by the morning- 
light we could see the enemy's trains winding away 



76 JOURNAL- HISTORY OP THE 

through the mountain-pass toward Hagerstown ; and 
we knew that the field of Gettysburg was ours. A 
division of our corps charged the town and took it, with 
one or two hundred prisoners. The enemy showed no 
disposition to renew the conflict, but still held his lines 
while his trains were moved to the rear. We seized 
the opportunity, as far as possible, of caring for our 
wounded and burying our dead. The loss on both sides 
had been very great ; but that of the enemy much 
greater than our own. The loss in our own regiment 
had been severe indeed ; we went into the fight with 
scarcely three hundred men, and lost, in killed and 
wounded, one hundred and forty-four. It was more 
than sad, to see so many of our noble comrades thus 
mangled. But we were proud to have seen them do 
their duty and bear themselves like men. Our little 
battalion had stood, for three days and nights, in the 
front line, among those faithful guardians of our bat- 
teries on the hill ; and though we had lost half our 
number, still we had done our duty. Among our many 
brave men, Capt. J. G. Doherty had fallen, mortally 
wounded. He was a gallant and brave ofiicer, and was 
greatly esteemed by his comrades. 

The exact disposition or the purpose of the enemy, of 
course, was not known. Our generals waited during the 
day, however, satisfied to let the cavalry and skirmish- 
ers feel the enemy, and ascertain his position and move- 
ments. On the next morning at daylight, the enemy 
had withdrawn. Our cavalry pushed forward and skir- 
mished with their rear guard, finding they were moving 
toward Ilagerstown. We marched late in the after- 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 77 

noon, when we took the road back toward Emmittsburg 
again. In the mean time, we had gathered our woun- 
ded together at the corps hospital, and made them as 
comfortable as possible. 

To-day there were hundreds of well-dressed citizens 
coming in to see the battle-field. They were talking 
about what a noble battle "we" had fought, and what a 
splendid victory "we" had won; but they said not a 
word about helping to bind up the wounds of our suf- 
fering thousands — not a word about making a cup of 
coffee or a pallet of straw for a single bleeding patriot 
They had come to see merely. 

Leaving the battle-field about sunset, our division 
marched far into the night, on the road to Emmittsburg, 
and the next day moved on to that town. On the 7th, 
we pursued our march back toward Middleton ; and, on 
the 8th, marched through Middleton again, and en- 
camped at South Mountain Pass. The enemy had 
passed around on the other side of the mountain, and 
were now in the Antietam valley. There was heavy 
skirmishing near Boonsboro' and Funkstown. Our 
brigade now moved to the right, and halted near a vil- 
lage called Balpville, where we remained two days. 
Then we closed in on the turnpike between Hagarstown 
and the Antietam Creek. Here we skirmished with the 
enemy for two days. Their army was in position on a 
ridge running from Hagarstown to the Potomac, near 
Williamsport. It was supposed Gen. Lee had con- 
structed here formidable defenses ; but the sequel 
proved that he was only covering the transfer of his 
trains, plunder and artillery across the river. 



78 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

On the morning of the 13th, it was reported that the 
rebel army had crossed the river, and our corps was 
hurried forward to Williamsport. But the foe had es- 
caped, losing only a small party of his rear-guard. 



RETURN TO VIRGINIA. 



Moving back leisurely, we passed through Hagars- 
town again, where we had the pleasure of seeing, for 
the first time, a portion of the "Pennsylvania melish." 
It was absolutely refreshing to look upon their soldierly 
countenances, and realize what a treasure to the. nation 
these heroic men had been. And as they presented 
arms to us, with gun-barrels to the front^ at the same 
time nodding their heads, and saying, " How are ye ?" 
we were gratified to be able to assure them that we 
were " tol'able like." 

Our corps passed through Middleton and Jefferson 
again, and struck the Potomac at Berlin. Along the 
route we were met by may evidences of appreciation 
of our work at Gettysburg; but there were many 
citizens of Maryland whose long faces and sullen looks 
told too plainly where their sympathies lay. We en- 
joyed some days of much-needed rest at Berlin, and 
then crossed the river again. We now moved up 
through that beautiful valley which lies between the 
Kittocktin mountains and the Blue Ridge. This sec- 
tion had not yet been greatly desolated by the war. 
Many of the citizens turned out to give us welcome. 



SEVENTY- TIIIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 79 

Nevertheless, most of the "first families" rejoiced in 
the belief that Lee had been victorious at Gettysburg ; 
that the cowardly Yankees had been terribly whipped; 
that now, as ever, one Southerner could whip five Yan- 
kees, and that the South never could be conquered. 

We marched along the mountain side, and then along 
the summit of the Kittocktin range, while on our right, 
the beautiful valley lay beneath us. It was but ten to 
fifteen miles across to the great rocky wall of the Blue 
Ridge, and we could see at a glance our whole army 
advancing up the valley, in three separate columns, 
with the long trains of white-topped wagons stretching 
far to the rear. We descended from our high road to 
the waters of Goose Creek, and encamped for three 
days. Mosby, with his guerrillas, was at work on our 
flanks and rear. His omnipresent bushwhackers were 
constantly capturing forage trains, sutlers, stragglers, 
mules, etc. Two evenings after arriving here, our reg- 
iment was sent to a ford, eight miles down the creek, 
while a force swept down on the other side, to drive the 
guerrillas across the ford. We watched and waited all 
night ; but neither Mosby nor his freebooters appeared. 
Next day we rejoined the corps, and on the following 
morning resumed our march. We passed through Mid- 
dleburg, where we saw great broods of young negroes. 
The town seemed like a negro colony. Every street 
was lined with these ebony images in groups and 
crowds. We scarcely saw a white face in the town. 
The bands played "Glory, glory, Hallelujah! as we go 
marching on!" and young Africa grinned, laugheil, 
danced and shouted in succession. 



80 



JOURNAL- HISTORY OF THE 



About noon our regiment was halted, and placed in ' 
ambuscade, in order, if possible, to entrap some of Mos- 
by's band. We remained hidden far into the night ; 
but Mosbj's men kept aloof. At midnight we moved 
on, and rejoined the brigade at White Plains. 

Next day our corps reached New Baltimore, and 
again halted for two nights. Then on again through 
the village of Greenwich— past Catlet's Station to 
Warrenton Junction— where we went into a regular 
encampment. After remaining here a week, our bri- 
gade was sent to Brentsville, the county seat of Prince 
Williams, and made the march in one of the most in- 
tensely hot days of the summer. On the 26th of July, 
Lieut.-Col. Long was detailed as corps provost marshal, 
and Major Hurst took command of the regiment. We 
had hopes of a pleasant encampment at Brentsville; but 
just as we got ready to stay, we were ordered to Cat- 
let's Station. After remaining here three weeks, the 
Seventy-third Ohio was sent to Greenwich, while the 
rest of the brigade moved to Bristoe Station. While at 
Greenwich, a wagon and guard of five men, bringing 
rations from Bristoe, were captured by Mosby's men. 

The regiment stopped at Greenwich but a week, and 
then rejoined the brigade at Bristoe, where we remained 
until the latter part of September. Our duty was light 
at all these places, and we were, indeed, having a long 
and grateful rest after the severe campaign of Gettys- 
burg. September was a charming month for out-door 
life; and with fruits and vegetables, which we could 
purchase in the neighborhood, we were quite comfort- 
able and contented. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 81 



FROM MANASAS JUNCTION TO BRIDGEPORT, ALABAMA. 

On the 24th of September, orders were received to 
prepare to march. It was intimated that we should 
move upon the cars ; but, whether to join Gen. Gilmore, 
in Charleston harbor, or change our base to Aquia 
Creek, or the James River, or to join Gen. Rosecrans, 
after the bloody repulse at Chickamauga, we could not 
guess. Another order, the same evening, compelled 
us to strike tents, and march to Manassas that night. 
We reached the Junction at two o'clock in the morning, 
and rested till daylight. During the morning, we em- 
barked on the cars, and reached Alexandria at noon. 
Our destination was now no longer a matter of conjec- 
ture. We were to reinforce the Army of the Cumber- 
land. We were to bid farewell to the noble old Army 
of the Potomac — farewell to the desolate fields of old 
Virginia — farewell to her bloody battle-grounds, and 
the dust of our sleeping comrades ! and go to join our 
own Western army on the banks of the Tennessee. 
The order included the Eleventh and Twelfth corps, 
which were to be transported rapidly to Bridgeport, 
Alabama ; and all the railroads over which they were 
to pass were ordered to clear the way, and let the mili- 
tary trains pass without reference to their time-tables. 

It was late in the afternoon of the 25th when our 
trains left Washington, and moved slowly out on the 
Baltimore and Ohio road. The morning of the 26th 
found us breakfasting at Martinsburg. At noon, on 
the 27th, we reached Benwood, on the Ohio River, and 
8 



82 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

greeted with hearty cheers the hills of our own native 
State. We crossed the river, took dinner at Bellair, 
and then taking trains on the Ohio Central, pushed for- 
ward again. We had coffee at Zanesville about mid- 
night, breakfasted next morning at Columbus, and 
then pushed right on past our own homes and families, 
which most of us had not seen for nearly two years! 
Nor were our friends advised of our coming. The 
movement was to be kept as secret as possible ; and in 
many places, they knew nothing of it until our first 
trains passed along: yet, wherever they knew of it, we 
were most cordially welcomed, especially in Ohio and 
Indiana, showing the earnest loyalty of those noble 
States. We passed through Dayton and Indianapolis, 
and reached Louisville at midnight of the 28th. The 
next night we changed cars at Nashville, and pushing 
right on, arrived at Bridgeport, Alabama, at noon of 
September 30th, and pitched our tents on the bank of 
the Tennessee. 

Thus were two army corps, numbering 20,000 men, 
transferred from Manassas to Bridgeport (a distance of 
1,200 miles) in five days. This was a triumph of rail- 
road enterprise unexampled in the history of either 
war or peace. 



THE SITUATION. 



Wheeler's rebel cavalry had crossed the Tennessee 
River, and now, moving upon our line of communica- 
tions, destroyed several railroad bridges between Ste- 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 83 

venson and Nashville ; and threatened so seriously to 
disturb our communications as to compel Gen. Rose- 
crans to fall back from Chattanooga. It was daring 
generalship that carried the Army of the Cumberland 
so far into the interior of the Confederacy. Gen. 
Rosecrans had ventured even beyond his strength, and 
had consequently suffered at Chickamauga. The spirit 
of his army was good, however ; and in the strong po- 
sition at Chattanooga, he would be able to maintain 
himself unless his communications were disturbed, and 
his supplies cut off. 

The Eleventh and Twelfth corps were, for a time, 
assigned to the work of guarding these communica- 
tions and the depots of supplies ; while all the facili- 
ties for transportation were taxed to the utmost to 
bring supplies forward from Nashville. The railroad 
bridge at Bridgeport had been destroyed, and all sup- 
plies for the Cumberland army had to be carried in 
wagons from Bridgeport and Stevenson to Chattanooga, 
a distance of forty miles. The enemy occupied the 
country on the left bank of the river, and greatly an- 
noyed our trains carrying supplies to Chattanooga. 
For several days after Wheeler struck the road, there 
were no trains from Nashville. The army at the front 
was on half rations, and our corps were now placed on 
short allowance also. There were only supplies on 
hand for a week or ten days. A few more dashes of 
Wheeler's cavalry, and our haversacks will be empty. 

In the meantime our brigade was ordered back to 
Stevenson, ten miles from Bridgeport, and at the junc- 
tion of the Memphis and Nashville roads, where we 



84 



JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



remained in camp three weeks. There was great anxi- 
ety on the subject of rations, and the first trains from 
Nashville, after the road was repaired, were greeted 
with cheers through all the camps. 

It will be safe to say, there was not much aristocracy 
in this section of Alabama. There was, however, 
abundant ''white trash," which, though not the whitest, 
was yet the trashiest we had ever seen. They were 
such wretched, sallow, squalid, ragged and unclean 
starvelings as only a land of "chivalry" could produce. 

While at Stevenson, news of the supersedure of Gen. 
Rosecrans reached us, and, though somewhat disap- 
pointed in not getting to follow '^ Old Rosey," we were 
yet glad to have Gen. Grant in command : for, though 
he had not risen to the hight of his fame, the army and 
the nation had great confidence in him. Gen. Hooker 
was placed in command of the Eleventh and Twelfth 
corps, which, together, formed a kind of grand division. 



UP THE TENNESSEE RIVER. 

October 23, our brigade struck tents, and marched 
back to Bridgeport, stopping here, however, only one 
day, and then crossing the river and moving up the 
railroad six miles to Shellraound. Here we remained 
two days, having time to survey the great wonder of 
the section— Nickajack Cave; through which, for a 
mile, flows a very considerable stream, called Nickajack 
Creek. The Eleventh, and Geary's division of the 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 85 

Twelfth corps, now came up from Bridgeport, and we 
joined their moving column, following the general 
course of the river. We reached Whiteside, and rested 
for a night. Here, as at Bridgeport, the rebels had 
burned an extensive railroad bridge. On the next day 
our column moved on until it reached the Trenton rail- 
road, and then turned down to Wauhatchie. At this 
point, we could plainly see the rebel signal corps hard 
at work on the summit of Lookout Mountain. Here, 
also, we encountered the enemy's outpost, and a lively 
skirmish ensued. The Seventy-third Pennsylvania reg- 
iment, on the left of the road, and the Seventy-third 
Ohio on the right, moved forward in line of battle, driv- 
inor the rebel skirmishers back about a mile, and across 
Lookout Creek. The enemy's artillery on Lookout 
Mountain opened on us, and their shell fell uncomfort- 
ably near. After driving the enemy's skirmishers 
across the creek, vve drew off, and moved to the left, on 
the road to Brown's Ferry. 

This road ran at the foot of a range of hills that ex- 
tended three miles from the ferry toward Wauhatchie. 
For two miles from the ferry, these hills were occupied 
by troops from Gen. Thomas' army at Chattanooga. 
They had floated down the river in pontoon boats, sur- 
prised the rebel outposts, and carried these hills — only 
the night before. They had fortified the hills, and 
thrown a pontoon bridge across the river at the ferry. 
When we came in sight of these troops, the scene was 
most thrilling. This was the first we had seen of the 
Army of the Cumberland; and their welcome to 
*^ Hooker's men" was most hearty. As our column 



86 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

advanced along the valley, greeted and greeting, the 
shout was passed from hill-top to hill-top — the bands 
played, the flags waved, and the very heavens rang 
with shouts such as are only heard in the army ; and 
their shouts were answered back by our men, with real 
soldierly enthusiasm. 

Our corps encamped nearly tvro miles from the ferr}'-, 
while Geary's division stopped for the night at Wau- 
hatchie, two miles further back. We lay down to rest, 
thinking pleasantly of the fact that we had at last 
formed a junction with the Army of the Cumberland, 
and that hereafter our fortune and destiny were to be 
linked with the great army of the West. 



MIDNIGHT CHARGE AT LOOKOUT VALLEY. 

About one o'clock, we were awakened by what we 
supposed to be picket firing in the direction of Wau- 
hatchie ; but the firing rapidly increased, until it was 
one continuous roll of musketry, with occasional dis- 
charges of cannon ; and told us that a daring attack 
had been made upon Gen. Geary at Wauhatchie. We 
had orders to fall in with arms, followed by others to 
move on the double-quick to the support of Gen. 
Geary. Gen. Shurz' division was camped between ours 
and Wauhatchie, and had the same orders ; but we 
passed their camps before they had started, and moved 
rapidly along the road on which we had come down in 
the afternoon, which road ran at the foot of the range 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 87 

of hills referred to. The last two hills of this range 
nearest Wauhatchie had not been occupied by our 
troops, neither before nor after our arrival in the after- 
noon. There was thus left a space of a mile and a half 
between the pickets of our corps and those of Geary's 
division, with these unoccupied hills in the interval. 

As we advanced rapidly along the road, our brigade 
leading the division and the Seventy-third Ohio leading 
the brigade, the enemy's pickets began to fire on us from 
the hill-side. Our regiment immediately formed line, 
with our right resting on the road and our left reaching 
part-way up the hill. Capt. Bookwalter went forward 
with company A deployed as skirmishers ; and, with 
the Thirty-third Massachusetts supporting, we again 
moved on. When we came directly opposite the first 
of the two hills, which we supposed to be unoccupied, 
the enemy began to fire from the hill right down our 
line of battle, completely enfilading it. The Seventy- 
third Ohio and the Thirty-third Massachusetts were 
now ordered to wheel into a common line, and 
charge the hill. The line was formed and orders sent 
to Capt. Bookwalter to file his skirmishers to the left 
into the new front of battle ; in executing which move- 
ment, that gallant officer fell, mortally wounded. We 
immediately began the ascent of the hill, which was 
indeed very difficult. The hill was some three hundred 
feet high, and it was about two hundred and fifty yards 
from its foot to its summit. The hill-side was covered 
with heavy timber and underbrush, and, in many places, 
we could only advance by holding on to or pulling our- 
selves up by the underbrush. Steadily, however, we 



88 



JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



pushed on up, until we were half way to the summit, 
and then halted a moment to rest and correct our al- 
lignment. The enemy's fire had, thus far, gone almost 
entirely over us, as we were hidden from their sight by 
the thick underbrush. Again we rose up and went for- 
ward ; Dearer and nearer we came to the summit, and 
the rebel fire grew heavier and more effective. Finally, 
about forty paces from the hill-top, we came out into' 
more open ground ; and by the clear moonlight they 
could see our line advancing. Their skirmishers had 
fallen back, and their whole line now opened on us a 
most murderous fire. We replied to their volley, and 
charged forward, urging our way over tops of trees and 
other obstructions, on up until our left was within two 
rods of the enemy's works. Here now we received a 
terrible volley from the enemy's left which was thrown 
a little forward, their fire enfilading our line. Just then, 
too, came shouts from our left front, "Don't fire into' 
your own men!" -Cease firing I" -You are killing 
your own friends !" etc. The Thirty-third Massachu- 
setts had separated from our battalion while climbing 
the hill, and now supposing this confusion on the left 
might arise from some misunderstanding, and thinkin^r 
It rash to advance farther without some connections or 
supports, we were ordered to retire a few rods and lie 
down. An officer was now dispatched to find the Thir- 
ty-third Massachusetts, which had borne away to the 
left in ascending the hill, having taken a slightly diff^er- 
ent direction from our own battalion. Th^t re-iment 
had also suffered severely from the bitter fire °,f the 
enemy, and had now f\illen back nearly to the foot of 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 89 

the hill; hearing that the Seventy-third Ohio was far 
up toward the summit, they rallied, and went up the 
hill again with a shout. Learning of their advance, the 
Seventy-third also went forward. Bat this time the 
enemy broke and fled, leaving their breastworks, and 
making good their retreat across Lookout Creek again. 
The moment our fire began here, that of the enemy 
against Gen. Geary ceased, and the division attacking 
him fell back rapidly, also, to keep from being cut off 
from the bridge. 

It now became known that (finding Gen. Geary iso- 
lated from the rest of the army in his encampment for 
j the night), the enemy had sent over two divisions, as 
i soon as it was dark, had occupied these two hills with 
one division, to cut off help from Geary, and had fallen 
upon him with the other, a little after midnight. 

The division on the hills had made a continuous line 
of works for nearly half a mile, which, with the advan- 
tage of position, should have enabled them to resist 
two or three times their number. And yet, a brigade of 
five regiments was driven from the hill (charged hy the 
Seventy-third Ohio and Thirty-third- Massachusetts) 
by two small regiments, numbering, together, less than 
five hundred men in ranks. But the victory was a 
costly one to us ; our loss in killed and wounded being 
five officers and sixty men, out of less than two hun- 
dred in the regiment. The loss of the Thirty-third 
Massachusetts was equally great with our own. Among 
our fallen, the regiment was called to mourn that brave 
and accomplished officer, Capt. Luther M. Bookwalter, 
who fell leading his men in the fight, and lived but a 



* 



90 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

few hours after his wounding. He was an officer of 
great gallantry and worth, and a young man of highest 
promise, greatly esteemed by all who knew him. 

This engagement, so sudden and unexpected to us, 
was one of the hottest and most bravely-contested of our 
battles; and, as an achievement, was perhaps the most 
daring of our regimental history. Gen. Grant, who was 
on the ground the next day, in his official report of the 
engagement, pronounced the charge of the Seventy- 
third Ohio and Thirty-third Massachusetts ''one of the 
most daring feats of arms of the war.^' 

The enemy again established his line along the right 
bank of Lookout Creek, but kept up a desultory artil- 
lery fire from Lookout Point, upon our position on 
these hills, upon our passing trains in Lookout Valley, 
and occasionally upon Chattanooga and the camps sur- 
rounding it. 

In a few days, there was a truce established between 
the pickets of our corps and those of the enemy; and 
they conversed freely with each other, from opposite 
banks of the creek. This truce resulted in the deser- | 
tion to us of large numbers of the enemy's pickets; 1 
until, finally, their officers forbade all communications, ■ 
under heavy penalties. 

We remained, for several days, on the hill which we 
had captured from the enemy ; but considerably an- 
noyed by his artillery on Lookout Mountain. Then we j 
changed position to the hill-side, half a mile farther 
down toward Brown's Ferry, where we remained some 
time. The rebel Gen. Longstreet, in the meantime, 
moved upon Knoxville, with his corps of 25,000 men. 



BEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 91 

thus materially weakening Bragg's army in front of Chat- 
tanooga. It was the intention to fall upon Gen. Burn- 
side at Knoxville, and crush his little army before help 
could reach him. Gen. Sherman, with the main body of 
the army of the Tennessee, was on the march from Mem- 
phis to join the army of the Cumberland; and Gen. 
Grant resolved to attack Bragg's army while Longstreet 
was absent. Gen. Bragg held Lookout Mountain, Chat- 
tanooga Valley, and Mission Ridge ; thus half-encircling 
Chattanooga, and resting both his right and left upon 
the Tennessee river. 

Our corps was ordered to move, Nov. 20th ; and on 
Sunday, the 22d, we crossed the river at Brown's 
Ferry, and moved on through Chattanooga. We biv- 
ouacked near the camp of the Sixth Ohio, on the right 
of Fort Wood. Geary's division alone was left to hold 
our position at Lookout Valley ; but Osterhaus com- 
ing down from Trenton found the pontoon broken, and 
was also compelled to remain on that side of the river 
and report to Gen. Hooker. 



BATTLE OF MISSION RIDGE. 

I At noon of Monday, Nov. 23d, orders were quietly 

\ passed around, to stack knapsacks and prepare for 

I work. Howard's corps was massed on the hill, on the 

I right of Fort Wood ; while the old Army of the Cum- 

i berland moved out in splendid array, formed rapidly 

i in line-of-battle, and as rapidly engaged and drove in 
the enemy's pickets. 



92 



JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



Our lines reached from the mouth of Chattanooga 
Creek, across the valley, to the woods that skirt the 
foot of Mission Ridge; and then up in range of Orch- 
ard Knob, to the left of the town. 

So quietly and boldly did our army deploy into line, 
that, it is asserted, the enemy believed it was a review 
or field-day, until our skirmishers went to work. As 
soon as our troops on the right and center had got 
into position, Howard's corps was thrown forward on 
the left, reaching across the two railroads and resting 
our left upon the Tennessee river, a mile above town. 
The Seventy-third Ohio was in the second line of the 
brigade on this afternoon, and about three hundred 
yards from the river. A heavy skirmish fire was kept 
up in our front; and the bullets flew recklessly above 
and among us. 

We lay here until noon of the following day. The 
enemy had a strong force of skirmishers in our front, 
across a ravine and creek, where they had the protec- 
tion of excellent rifle-pits. Our First brigade was re- 
pulsed in an eff*ort to dislodge them. Gen. Steinwehr 
was ordered to send a regiment across this creek at its 
mouth, to sweep up on the other side, and drive out of 
the woods in front of our division this rebel force. He 
selected the Seventy-third Ohio to perform this work. 
We crossed the creek near the river, formed our lines 
and then charged through the woods. The right of the ! 
rebel skirmish line fired one volley and retreated. We 
swept on, up behind the railroad embankment, until we 
got in rear of the rifle-pits from which they had kept 
up such an annoying fire. Thus we cut ofi", and cap- 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 03 

;ured thirty-three prisoners, and then opened fire on 
;heir reserves which rapidly fell back toward the ridge. 
This opened the way up the river, and Gen. Howard 
lat once moved with one brigade, and opened commu- 
iiications with Gen. Sherman who had crossed the 
iriver some four miles up, near the mouth of the Chick- 
jimauga. 

I The battle was now becoming general and warm, 
buring the afternoon, we could plainly hear Sherman's 
cannon and musketry far out upon the left, and the 
bound of Hooker's daring battle on the right. The lat- 
ter, contrary to the expectations of the commanding 
jgenerals, pushed his fortunes up the rocky wall of 
Mokout Mountain ; steadily and determinedly driving 
|the enemy before him, and sweeping around the point 
,as the day advanced. Here, indeed, was a most spir- 
ited engagement. As night closed in, we could see the 
|two lines of fire, running from the base to the summit 
of the mountain, and on into the middle of the night. 
Hooker's men pressed resistlessly forward, the blaze of 
of their muskets marking their advance ; before which 
the enemy stubbornly retired. 

Our regiment remained on the railroad embankment 
all that night; and early the next morning, charged 
forward a^^ain amid a shower of balls from the rebel 

o 

reserves. We drove their skirmishers back again, and 
established our line along the Chattanooga and Knox- 
jville railroad, to which, now, the entire left of the line 
'of our corps was thrown forward. At noon of this day 
jthe whole of our corps, except the brigade that had 
already gone, moved up the river about four miles, and 



94 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

joined Gen. Sherman. Our brigade took position on 
the banks of the Chickamauga, on Sherman's extreme 
left, and we could see the rebel cavalry across the river, 
occupying the hills, and scouting the country. Gen. 
Sherman had, during the day, attacked the enemy on 
his (the enemy's) right, and had been repulsed. The 
First brigade of our division had been in the attacking 
party, and had lost three hundred men. The enemy 
evidently expected the main fight would come off in 
this locality; and all day we could see them moving to 
the right. Infantry and artillery seemed to be massing 
there to meet the anticipated attack of Sherman. In- 
deed, it was given out and generally believed in both 
armies that Sherman was to make the main attack on 
the enemy's right. 

Things looked rather dark to us at the close of this 
day's fighting. The repulse of Sherman's troops au- 
gured badly. There had been considerable fighting 
down toward our center and right during the afternoon, 
but we did not know the result. But, while reflecting 
on our want of success, and thinking bitterly of the 
morrow, news came to us that Hooker, having taken 
Lookout Mountain, had moved rapidly up the Chatta- 
nooga valley, through the gap at Rossville, and had 
fallen on the enemy's left ; while Gen. Thomas had 
massed his troops in the center, in front of Chattanoo- 
ga — charged and broken the rebel center, and that the 
whole rebel army was in full retreat, after having lost 
fifty cannon, six thousand prisoners, and • many thou- 
sand stand of small-arms. The news of the victory, so 
complete and'overwhelming, was at once communicated 



I SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 95 

to the troops on the left, and was received with shouts 
of joy that wakened the grandest echoes among the 
hills of Old Chickamauga. Regiment after regiment, 
land brigade succeeding brigade, took up the shout, un- 
til it became one mighty chorus of victory of forty 
thousand voices. 

1 That night we slept sweetly by our blazing piles of 
Jrails. Our hearts which had, but a few hours before, 
been sad with the thought of failure and defeat, now 
leaped with the joy and thrilled with the pride of vic- 
itory. That night our hardtack and coffee were better 
than a prince's feast, and our earthy bed was a couch 
jfor kings. 

I Mingled with our joy over this great victory, was, to 
us, the grateful reflection, that, while the Seventy-third 
as a regiment had borne an honorable part in another 
Igreat and successful battle, it had been almost entirely 
iwithout loss or suffering to ourselves. 
I Next morning our corps moved early, down the 
Chickamauga to its mouth, where we crossed that 
stream on a pontoon, and, moving rapidly up the right 
bank, followed in pursuit of the enemy. There was 
some, skirmishing at Chickamauga Station, and our 
forces were drawn up in order of battle, supposing the 
enemy would make a stand ; but no engagement took 
place. At the station was a large amount of corn-meal, 
flour, etc., which the enemy had left. Much, however, 
had been destroyed or wasted. The Union forces 
pressed hard on the retreating column, and just after 
sunset, had a considerable skirmish with their rear- 
guard. Our brigade was hurried forward, expecting to 



96 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

join in the fight; but it ended just before we reached 
the scene — the enemy retiring. 

That night we feasted on corn cakes made of rebel 
meal, to which the men had helped themselves as they 
passed the station, and though we had never envied the 
rebel soldiers their rations of corn bread, the cakes 
were a real luxury to our cracker-worn palates. 

Next morning the corps moved early forward to the 
village of Graysville, where it halted some hours. 
There was desultory skirmishing of artillery and small 
arms to our right and front. Gen. Grant was pushing 
forward his army in three columns, and the head of one 
of these columns was almost constantly engaged Avith 
the enemy. About noon, Gen. Howard's corps was 
ordered away to the left front to occupy Turner's Gap. 
But before reaching that position, we were convinced 
by the roar of cannon and musketry in our right 
front that a very spirited engagement was going on in 
that direction. It proved to be Gen. Hooker's column 
fighting at Ringgold, some five miles from us. Our 
corps rested in the vicinity of Turner's Gap, and we 
took dinner just across the line in the State of Georgia, 
adding another to the list of states whose sacred soil 
we had trodden. This neighborhood had not suffered 
much devastation, and it was really refreshing to get 
away from the desolate surroundings of Chattanooga, 
with its graveyards of dead mules and horses, out into 
the fresh, cleai^, healthful country, where there were 
fences and farms, and houses and people, just as though 
there had been no war. And, what was new and curi- 
ous to us, was the existence of much loyalty in the 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 97 

neighborhood into which we had come. Nearly all the 
men had gone into the army, either willingly or unwil- 
lingly, but many had gone into the Union army rather 
than serve in the ranks of treason. We had long heard 
of the loyalty of Northern Georgia and East Tennessee, 
and now right where the two met we could know for 
ourselves it was not a fable nor misrepresentation. 
There were unmistakable evidences of joy at our com- 
ing from many who had sons, brothers, or friends 
fighting under the flag and for the cause of the Union. 
One gray-haired woman came from the door of her 
humble cottage, as our column marched along, and 
asked our color-sergeant to unroll the '' old flag," " for," 
said she, with tears of joy in her eyes, " I want to see 
the stars again." 

Our brigade, and a brigade from Gen. Shurz' division, 
both under command of Col. Smith, were ordered for- 
ward about six miles to a station called Red-Clay, on 
the railroad from Dalton to Cleveland, to cut and de- 
stroy the railroad at this place. We arrived at Red- 
Clay just before dark, and went to work at once destroy- 
ing the road, which was done most effectually for about a 
mile, after which we took coffee and returned to Turner's 
Gap, where we arrived at about one o'clock at night. 
Then we laid down in a drenching rain and slept. 

On the next morning, November 28th, the brigade 
moved about two miles and rested for the day. In the 
afternoon, our supply trains arrived from Chattanooga, 
with abundance of coffee and hard-bread, and the army 
began a liberal system of foraging upon the country, 
taking, through the quartermaster's department, sheep, 
9 



98 JOURNAL-IIISTOllY OF THE 

hogs, corn, hay, cattle, flour, etc., and giving receipts 
vo all loyal owners. 

The corps was now ordered back to Chattanooga, and 
we were just congratulating ourselves that our work 
was ended for awhile, when orders came for Gen. How- 
ard to join Gen. Sherman's column and march to the 
relief of Knoxville, which was now beseiged by Long- 
street. 



CAMPAIGN OF EAST TENNESSEE. 

November 29th, our column started, and the first day 
reached Cleveland, where the railroad from Dalton 
intersects the road from Chattanooga to Knoxville. 
We were poorly prepared for such a campaign as was 
now before us. All our tents and baggage had been 
left behind, and on going into the fight at Mission 
Ridge our brigade had stacked knapsacks near Fort 
Wood. Thus it occurred that nearly all the men were 
without blankets or other clothing than that which they 
had on. 

The first night out, at Cleveland, was indeed bitter 
cold ; but in the absence of blankets, the men built 
large fires, and made the best of the situation. The 
welcome of the Union army at Cleveland, and all along 
the route, was such as to assure every one that a largo 
proportion of the people was genuinely loyal. It was 
a new phase of campaign life for us to find such a wel- 
come in the very heart of the South, where rebel con- 
scription had done its worst, hunting down those who 



I 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 99 

c'ould bear arms, and forcing them into the army. Where, 
to the blandishments of political demagogues, had been 
added those other fashionable and powerful Confederate 
arguments — the bowie-knife and the bludgeon, blood- 
hounds and prison cells, starvation and the gallows. 

November 30th, we moved on to Charleston, on the 
Hiawasse River, passing through a pleasant country, 
and meeting the same evidences of undoiibted loyalty. 
It is often difficult to distinguish between counterfeit 
and genuine patriotism ; but these people were so sin- 
cere, and their joy was so natural and honest, so hearty 
and out-gushing, and filled our own hearts with such 
gladness and pride, that we could not meet their welcome 
or listen to the story of their wrongs, and their patriotic 
devotion, otherwise than with gladness and pride. 
Many who had been hiding away in the pine woods and 
mountains, some for months and some for years, to 
escape the rebel conscription, now, under the protection 
of our passing army, came forth to greet their families ; 
and there was joy at many a hearthstone that never 
can be told. One gray-haired man said, "I have spent 
a hundred nights, during the past year, carrying food 
to Union men hid away in the mountains." We saw 
and conversed with some of these exiles, and were con^ 
vinced that the story of their wrongs and sufferings 
had never half been told. Great numbers of old men, 
women and children, gathered from the adjacent coun- 
try along our line of march, to see and welcome the 
Union army. Simple-hearted peasantry they were, 
from the valleys and the pine hills, rude, and clothed in 
homespun garments, but openly, unswervingly, defiantly 



100 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

loyal ; and the welcome they gave us, with words, and 
shouts, and tears, and laughter of joy, can never be 
forgotten. 

Noticing the absence of young men in the groups 
that gathered along the roadside, an officer asked of a 
venerable citizen, "Where are all jowy young men, sir?" 
"Twenty thousand of them from East Tennessee are 
in your army, sir," responded the old man, as a thrill 
of patriotic pride seemed to light up his furrowed face 
and flashing eye. 

The enemy had partially destroyed the railroad 
bridge across the Hiawassa River, and had a cavalry 
picket on the farther side. Our artillery sent over a 
few shells, and the rebels retired. Two regiments were 
sent across the river that night, and, at daylight next 
morning, the whole corps crossed over. Our forces 
captured here a train of cars, loaded, in great part, 
with meal, flour and salt ; and the men v/ere supplied 
with all they could carry of these articles. 

December 1st, we passed through Athens — another 
pleasant village, with some rarely-beautiful suburban 
residences and a college. The corps marched through 
the town, with colors flying, and bands playing ; the 
citizens here, as elsewhere, evincing their gladness at 
our coming. 

The following day, we moved through Mouse-creek 
and Sweet-water valleys, to Philadelphia, where we en- 
camped ; and then on again, to Loudon on the Ten- 
nessee River, where our cavalry and flying artillery 
were skirmishisg with the enemy, who had burned the 
railroad bridge and retired across the river; not, how- 



SEVENTY-TIimD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 101 

ever, until they had destroyed all the rolling-stock of 
the road on our side of the stream, which they did by 
running it (some three engines and seventy cars) off 
the abutment of the bridge, where it fell forty feet into 
the Tennessee. 

The army remained at Loudon until the morning of 
December 5th, when we again moved forward, bearing 
to the right and crossing the Little Tennessee River 
just above its junction with the Holston. We passed 
through Venicia, the most loyal town we had yet seen, 
as it contained not a single rebel. Indeed, we were 
assured that, out of three hundred voters, there was 
but one rebel in the township, so unanimous were the 
people in their sentiments of loyalty. It was hard to 
think that such a community as this should be at the 
mercy of rebel conscripting officers and tax-gatherers ; 
and it stirred one's blood anew to hear the story of 
wrongs and outrages which this patriotic people had 
suffered, — unswerved, however, from their determina- 
tion to maintain their integrity to the last. 

Here, our army was regarded, with almost absolute 
unanimity, as an array of deliverance. "This," said a 
noble woman of Venicia (and she but expressed the 
almost unanimous sentiment of tlie people), "This is 
what we have been hoping and praying for, these two 
long, long years. — Thank God, you have come at last!" 

Thus, our march was an almost unbroken ovation, — 
welcomed, as we w^re, by the fathers, mothers and sis- 
ters of hundreds and thousands of men, who, exiled 
from their homes for the crime of patriotism, had rallied 
to the old flag, had pledged their lives for the honor 



102 JOURNAL- HISTORY OP THE 

of that flag, and the redemption of their homes from 
the rule of the usurper. 

We were regarded at once as the comrades of their 
dearest friends, as the defenders of the right, and as 
the deliverers of their country from the conscience- 
less and godless rule of the official agents of the 
Southern Confederacy. 

We were assured, that not more than one-fifth of the 
men conscripted in East Tennessee ever entered the 
rebel service, — the remaining four-fifths voluntarily 
exiling themselves, or entering the Union army, rather 
than serve a cause they loathed. 

Wheeler's rebel cavalry retired before us, as we 
passed through the country between the Holston and 
the Little Tennessee — while the main army of Long- 
street was beyond the Holston, immediately invest- 
ing the defenses of Knoxville — we halted at the 
village of Louisville, only fourteen miles from the be- | 
sieged city ; and from this point, couriers were sent by * 
Gen. Sherman to Gen. Burnside. They brought back 
the glad intelligence, that all the assaults of the enemy j 
had been splendidly repulsed by the garrison at Knox- 1 
ville; and that, hearing of Gen. Sherman's approach, ! 
Longstreet had retired, rapidly, in the direction of 
Greenville. 

From the impossibility of subsisting his army in 
Northeastern Tennessee, even if he were allowed to 
remain there, it was evident that he must retire to Vir- 
ginia by way of Lynchburg, or cross the mountains 
into North Carolina; in either of which events, the ' 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 103 

services of Gen. Sherman's army would not be needed 
in the vicinity of Knoxville. 

We remained at Louisville two days ; meanwhile, our 
generals visited Knoxville and held a conference with 
Gen. Foster, who was now in command there. 

It was determined to leave one corps with Gen. Fos- 
ter, and the rest of Sherman's array was to return to 
Chattanooga. Accordingly, orders were issued to the 
eifect that, having accomplished the object of the expe- 
dition, our corps would return to Chattanooga imme- 
diately ; and, on the following morning, we started on 
our return. 

We had been living splendidly on the commissaries 
which the country afforded, and rather regretted the 
return to the land of hardtack again. The army had 
not only been supplied with fresh meat, flour, meal, etc., 
but had also been able to procure many luxuries, which 
afforded a pleasant relief from the dry marching rations 
to which we had been so long confined. And, then, 
our welcome had been so hearty, the campaign so in- 
teresting, and our experiences generally so pleasant, 
that the dull routine of camp life at Chattanooga seemed 
uninviting. 

On our return, our army was hailed, as before, Avith 
the earnest greeting of thousands of hearts, warm and 
true. The only anxiety of the people seemed to be, 
that our army would not leave the country and expose 
them to incursions from the enemy again. Only oc- 
cupy the country, and keep the enemy away from their 
homes, and they were satisfied to share with us their 
last crust of bread. But they knew that if the Union 



104 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

army gave up the territory, they would be more than 
ever at the mercy of a vindictive foe. 

On the first day's march from Louisville, we re- 
crossed the Little Tennessee, and reached the village 
of Sweetwater. Then we moved on to Athens, where 
we remained three days, meeting with a kind reception 
from the citizens. Then on again, to Charleston, and 
to Cleveland ; at which latter place, we remained also 
three days. 

This march, made so leisurely, gave the men abund- 
ant time for rest, making the march of the campaign 
lighter, and affording us an opportunity to converse 
freely with citizens, and better understand the spirit 
which animated the people of East Tennessee, during 
the memorable reign of terror of the first two years of 
the war. It was such an anomaly to find almost in the 
heart of the Confederacy a people so true to the old 
Government. 

Not in all the North was there a people more devo- 
tedly loyal than the East Tennesseeans during the dark 
days of the rebellion. Tried as by fire in tlfe furnace 
of vindictive and relentless persecution, they remained 
unswervingly true and devoted to the old flag and the 
old Union of States. They resisted alike the^'blandish- 
ments, menaces and cruelties of the agents of misrule, 
and by sacrifices and sufferings that never can be told, 
attested their devotion to the country. 

Again we started for Chattanooga, now only thirty 
miles away. Thus far we had been favored with beau- 
tiful weather. Cold and frosty the nights had been, 
and trying to the men who were lightly clad or without 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 105 

blankets ; but the days had been dry and clear, and the 
roads in excellent marching order. But now we had 
two days of rain and mud and cold. The last night 
was one of the most trying of our military experience. 
From dark till near midnight our brigade was engaged 
in getting through a dark, narrow pass. Then we 
camped in still-water and mud, mixed with wind and 
rain, and spent the remainder of the night in soft slum- 
bers. Several men were known to have used profane 
language on the occasion — a thing that rarely occurred 
in the army. 

Many of our men were suffering for shoes ; some had 
been barefoot for days. Three hundred men in our 
corps alone, were organized into a barefoot battalion; 
and it made one think there was love of country still 
in American hearts, to see those faithful fellows plod- 
ding along. Many of them had marched more than a 
hundred miles, barefoot, in the middle of December, 
with feet sore and bleeding. They illustrated, not un- 
worthily, the heroism and endurance of our revolution- 
ary fathers. 

We crossed the Chickamauga, passed through the 
railroad tunnel at Mission Ridge, turned the point of 
Lookout Mountain, and, at sunset, December 17th, 
were in our old camp in Lookout Valley. Really, it 
seemed like getting home again. Here were the huts 
of our old encampment ; here were the graves of our 
noble comrades who went to death in that terrible mid- 
night charge ; and yonder loomed up to the very hea- 
vens, the brow of grand old Lookout, from which now 
no hostile cannon thundered to disturb our rest, but 



106 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

over which floated the stars and stripes, telling the im- 
mortal storv of "Hooker fighting above the clouds/' 



VETERAN RE-ENLISTMSNTS. 



On arriving at Lookout Valley, we found that at 
number of regiments in that vicinity had re-enlisted ini 
the veteran service, and would start in a few days forr 
home. Until now, we had not received all the War 
Department orders concerning re-enlistments. But 
now, the matter was freely canvassed in the regiment, 
and day by day the veteran fever rose. On the 30th ot 
the month, the Seventy-third Ohio would complete her 
second year of service, and be eligible to re-enlist un-l 
der the orders inviting veteran reorganizations. Theref 
was a unanimous desire that the regiment should not 
be divided, but should re-enlist as a regiment, with 
comparative unanimity, or not at all. There were now 
present with the regiment, or accessible to it, three 
hundred and fifteen men ; eighty- five of these had been 
recruited in 1862, and were not eligible to re-enlist- 
ment; but Gen. Thomas' order allowed these also the 
benefit of the veteran furlough, upon pledging them- 
selves to re-enlirit when they became eligible. Only 
those were to be transferred from the regiment who 
were original members of it and did not choose to re- 
enlist. 

On the 21st of December, the regiment moved to a 

new camp, about two miles across the valley, at the 

oot of Raccoon Ridge. Here we began the erection of 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 107 

excellent cabins for our winter quarters : but the vet- 
eran spirit rose so high, that preparations for winter 
quarters became a thing impossible. Lieut. Col. Long, 
being relieved from staff duty, returned to the regi- 
ment and assumed command. 

Before the 30th of December, enough men had sig- 
[nified their willingness to re-enlist, to allow the re- 
lorganization of the regiment ; and the work of prepar- 
ing the muster-out rolls of the old, and the muster-in 
|rolls of the new, was at once begun. Out of two hun- 
dred and thirty original members of the regiment, two 
hundred and twenty-five took upon themselves, volun- 
tarily, the obligations of two more years of hard ser- 
vice in the cause of the country. This action, of itself, 
was a proud record for the regiment, especially since 
the first two years had been years of hard and wearing 
service at the front. 

On the 1st day of January, 1864, the regiment was 
re-mustered ; and on the 3d, orders were received, 
sending it home on veteran furlough. This order, 
however, did not include the eighty-five men who could 
not re-enlist; but whose written pledge had, under 
Gen. Thomas' order, entitled them to the furlough. 
Application was at once made to have the order so 
amended as to include them also. The eighty-five non- 
veterans were transferred, by Gen. Howard's order, to 
the One Hundred and Thirty-sixth New York Regi- 
cnent. 



108 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



HOMEWARD BOUND. 



l\ 



I 



On the morning of January 4th, the veterans and 
all the officers of the regiment started for Whiteside, 
where it was expected to take the cars for Bridgeport, 
Col. Smith being in command. No sadder group of f 
men could be pictured than the eighty-five who were » 
to be left behind ; and no blither company could well I 
be imagined, than the veterans, whose hearts had room 
for but one word, and that word, "Home." What if 
there were no cars at Whiteside?— They could walk to 
Bridgeport. What if it did rain that night, giving us 
a watery bed?— i et it rain ! Soldiers "going home" 
care little for wind or tide. i 

The regiment arrived at Bridgeport, on the afternoon i 
of the 5th, and were compelled to wait until the next \ 
day for a train. In the mean time, a telegram was re- 
ceived from Lookout Valley, to the effect that Gen. 
Thomas had amended our order, and the men of 1862 
were on the way to join us. When they came, they 
were all transformed from the sadness in which we had I 
been compelled to leave them. We were stopped sev- • 
eral hours at Stevenson, where trains were made-up for r 
Nashville. We reached Nashville on the 7th, and were 3 
quartered in the Female College. The weather was i\ 
bitterly cold, and our discomfort very great. The snow i 
had clogged the Northern trains, and the tide of vet- 
erans going home made it imperative that we should 
"learn to wait." The regiment reached Louisville, on 
the 11th, and Cincinnati on the 14th, and the next dayj 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 109 

arrived at Chillicothe, where we w^ere welcomed most 
kindly by the authorities and citizens. 

The formal reception took place in front of the Court 
House, where the ladies greeted us with the touching 
strains of "Sweet Home ;" and an eloquent welcom- 
ing address was delivered by Hon. C. A. Trimble, — 
responded to by Col. Smith. After which, the regi- 
ment sat down to a splendid banquet, at the Valley 
House. And the citizens vied with each other in do- 
ing honor to the veterans who had represented them 
in the Grand Army of the Union. 

On the 16th, the men of the regiment were fur- 
loughed for thirty days, and the officers ordered on re- 
cruiting duty. 

And now, for a month there was such a campaign, — 
such raids and expeditions, — such foraging upon the 
country, — such captures and imprisonments, — such en- 
gagements and victories, as are only known to the un- 
written history of (very) civil wars. In this trying 
campaign, every man seemed to realize his responsi- 
bility, and evinced a determination that, at any cost, 
the country should be saved. And how pleasant, after 
two years of hardest service, — how more than pleasant, 
to be ^'at home !" How absence and danger and suffer- 
ing had strengthened and crystallized our friendship ! 
How hearty and earnest was our welcome ! Warm 
hearts and generous hands gave us greeting every- 
where. And the month of our furlough was an un- 
broken round of gladness. 



110 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



BACK TO LOOKOUT VALLEY. 



On the 15th of February, the regiment reassembled 
at Chillicothe ; and there were added to our number 
about one hundred and twenty new recruits. 

On the next day, the ladies of Chillicothe presented 
the regiment with a new and beautiful banner, with the 
names of the principal battles of the regiment inscribed 
on it. 

On the 18th, we took the train for Cincinnati. Our 
return to the field was without incident worthy of 
notice. The weather was intensely cold, and we were 
greatly delayed for want of transportation. 

It was not until the 2d day of March that we reached 
our old rendezvous at Lookout Valley. 

Col. Smith had resio-ned while the renjiment was at 
home, and Col. James Wood, of the One Hundred and 
Thirty-sixth New York, being the senior officer in the 
brigade, took command of it. Lieut. Col. Long, now 
the ranking field officer of the regiment, was commis- 
sioned as Colonel; Maj. Hurst, as Lieut. Colonel; and 
Capt. Higgins, as Major. But since the regiment was 
reduced below the minimum number, none of these could 
be mustered-in to the rank of their commissions. 



CAMP AT RACCOON RIDGE. 



Upon our arrival, we began the construction of a new 
camp. It was near our old one, on a spur of Raccoon 
Ridge ; and when completed, was second to none in 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. Ill 

the army. We drew to it a living spring from the 
moun-ain-rock above us; and for the next two months 
we enjoyed the fullest comfort of camp life in our vil- 
llage of cabins on this beautiful mountain spur. Much 
time was devoted to drill, brigade and regimental ; but 
, there was ample opportunity for rest and recreation. 
I The Eleventh and Twelfth corps were now consoli- 
jdated into one, under the command of Gen. Hooker; 
Gen. Howard being transferred to the command of the 
Fourth corps. Our new corps was called the Twenti- 
leth — a name that always commanded respect and con- 
ifidence. Gen. Williams commanded the First division, 
;Gen. Geary the Second, and Gen. Daniel Butterfield 
;the Third, in which Wood's brigade was placed, being 
the Third brigade of that division. The Twenty-sixth 
j Wisconsin volunteers, Col. Winkler commanding, was 
I now added to our brigade. Gen. Butterfield, in the 
I organization, drill and command of his division evinced 
Ithe highest ability as a tactician and leader, and at once 
I won the confidence of his command. Gen. Hooker had 
long commanded the admiration and confidence of his 
men. Hence, the new organizations were satisfactory 
ito all. 

Gen. Butterfield held a grand review and field-day 

about the 20th of April. Gens. Sherman and Thomas, 

and a large number of spectators, being present to wit- 

'ness the pageant. Thus the months of March and 

April passed away; and on the first day of May wo 

.received marching orders. Nuw we knew there was 

I earnest work ahead, as we saw the army, with a spirit 

j of heroic determination, once again strip for the fight. 



112 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



THE ARMY MOVES. 

On the morning of May 2d, the Seventy-third Ohio 
marched out of its pleasant camp with three hundred 
and eighteen guns. Lieut.-Col. Long having gone 
home on sick leave, Major Hurst was left in command. 
The men were in excellent condition and spirits, and 
went forth with a willingness and a confidence of suc- 
cess that was in itself a presage of victory. The 
division moved around the point of Lookout, and up 
the Chattanooga Valley to Rossville ; then turning to 
the left, bore off toward the Chickamauga. 

During the afternoon, we passed through a portion 
of the Chickamauga battle-ground, and from the evi- 
dences left gleaned some faint idea of the fierceness of 
the conflict. In one place, for half a mile the timber 
was literally shivered with shot, shell and small ammu- 
nition. The enemy had held here a fortified position, 
upon which our forces had vainly attempted to advance. 
The timber was completely killed, so withering and de- 
structive had been the fire. The graves were every- 
where to be seen in wood and field. Most of the dead 
had been buried where they fell, on top of the ground, 
with only a thin covering of earth. Alas, how many a 
liero, " nameless here forever more," poured out his 
life's blood here ! 

Our column halted the first night on the banks of 
West Chickamauga, at Lee & Gordon's mills. Gen. 
Davis' division of the Fourteenth corps was jus 
moving from this point on to Ringgold. Our division 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 113 

halted here for a day, then crossed the Chickamauga, 
and moved on to the vicinity of Ringgold, camping in 
the woods near Vine Run. Here again we halted 
for a day, and sent to the rear for storage most of the 
limited amount of bafforaore with which we had started : 
only one " tent-fly " being allowed to a regiment. 

We are but a few miles now from the enemy, and 
there is already skirmishing between the outposts of 
the two armies. The "Army of the Cumberland " is all 
gathered in around Ringgold. Gen. Schofield is com- 
ing down from Knoxville with the "Army of the Ohio," 
and Gen. McPherson is coming from the West with the 
"Army of the Tennessee.'' Thus, the grand army of 
Sherman is gathering for the fight. 

May 6th, we bivouac at Leet's farm ; and on the 7th 
moved through a gap called Nickajack Trace — then up 
a valley six miles, where we crossed Taylor's Ridge, at 
Gordon's Gap. At the foot of the ridge, at the farther 
side, we passed a very romantic watering-place named 
Gordon's Springs. Taking the direction of Dalton, we 
camped for the night four miles from Buzzard's Roost. 



ROCKY-FACED RIDGE. 

Sunday morning, May 8th, Col. Wood was sent for- 
ward with his brigade on a reconnoisance. As we ap- 
proached Buzzard's Roost, a very high hill, a mile in 
our left front, was discovered to be occupied by a con- 
siderable body of troops. Every eye was strained to 



114 JOURNAL-HISTOIIY OF THE 

see the foe, and every heart beat quick as orders were 
given to prepare for work. Flankers were thrown out, 
and our skirmishers were pushed forward, and just as 
the brigade was going to advance to feel the enemy, it 
was found that the hill was held hy men in blue blouses. 
It was the head of Gen. Palmer's column of the Four- 
teenth corps; and instead of going into battle, we 
shook hands with our old friends of the gallant Thirty- 
third Ohio. 

The gap called Buzzard's Roost lay to our right 
front, a mile and a half distant. Here it was under- 
stood the enemy were in position. That position it 
was the business of our brigade to develop ; and so it 
was at once formed in order of battle. The Seventy- 
third Ohio went forward in support of the skirmishers. 
When we reached a hill half a mile in advance, we were 
halted until the brigade came up. Skirmishing now 
began, and was kept up with spirit; and the enemy's 
line and position gradually became apparent. 

Two mountains, lofty and rugged, seem to meet 
here, forming an obtuse angle toward the position we 
occupy. At their junction is a gap, half a mile wide. 
The gap is yet a hundred feet or more above the 
surrounding country, and the re stands a hill of nearly 
the same hight just in front of, and masking it, 
This hill was held by the rebel skirmishers; and we 
could see that the gap had a continuous and formidable 
line of works. This gap is "Buzzard's Roost;" and 
the mountain whose summit it divides is Rocky faced 
Ridge. 

Two companies of the Seventy-third Ohio were in 



vill 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 115 

the skirmish line of the brigade, and four more were 
now sent forward as a reserve. Brisk skirmi;*hing was 
kept up during the middle of the day, and in the after- 
noon our skirmishers crossed a small creek, charged 
and took the hill in front of the gap, driving the rebel 
skirmishers back, with a loss of eight men in our 
brigade. 

The enemy did not make a very spirited resistance, 
and at four o'clock, when the artillery of the Four- 
teenth corps opened on their works, their cannon did 
not reply. It was as if they would say, "We are not 
very strong; come along, and take us!" It was the 
old invitation of the spider to the fly. 

Very few men could be seen about the gap, and it " 
was evident the enemy's main force was not at Buz- 
zard's Roost. Still, one division could have held the 
gap against a whole army. Late in the afternoon there 
was heavy fighting— infantry and artillery— a few miles 
to the right. It proved to be Gen. Geary, making a 
daring attack and receiving a bloody repulse at Dug 
Gap. At dark the Seventy-third was relieved, and 
moved back with the brigade some three miles to biv- 
ouac. Early on the following morning our brigade 
was ordered to the front again, and again our regiment 
was sent to the skirmish line. We built a bridge across 
the narrow creek, and the Seventy-third Ohio and 
Thirty-third Massachusetts crossed, and pushed their 
line up the side of the mountain on the right, and over 
the hill in front of the gap. The enemy kept up just 
enough fire to repeat their invitation of yesterday. At 
noon our brigade was relieved by Carlin's, of the Four- 



116 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

teenth corps, and we withdrew, having but one man 
wounded in the Seventy-third. 

Early on the morning of May 11th, the Twentieth 
corps moved in the direction of Snake Creek Gap. 
Gen. McPherson, with the Army of the Tennessee, 
had passed through the gap, and made a reconnoisance 
as far as Resacca; but, fearing for the safety of his 
communications, had retired again to the vicinity of the 
Gap. Our corps halted for the night in the gap, and 
next day worked on the roads, so that our trains could 
pass through. Then we moved on through the gap, 
and came up with Gen. McPherson's army, seven miles 
from Resacca. The enemy is concentrating there, 
while our main army is moving around through the 
gap. May 13th, we go forward again— the Twentieth 
corps on the left of Gen. McPherson. The enemy has 
left Buzzard's Roost and Dalton, and Gen. Howard 
pushes down the railroad after them. The Fourteenth 
corps comes in on our left; and our lines are pushed 
forward, driving the enemy into his fortified posiiton 
at Resacca. 



BATTLE OP RESACCA. 



The rebel lines form an irregular semi-circle of sev- 
eral miles in length, with the right resting on the river 
above, and the left below Resacca. After resting on 
arms all night, we began skirmishing early on the 
morning of the 14th. The enemy had been busy all 
night fortifying. We could hear thousands of axes 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. REGIMENT. 117 

going all the night long. This day there was consider- 
able "fighting on our left— parts of the Fourth, Four- 
teenth°and Twentieth corps being engaged. Our divi- 
sion remained in line all day, and at night dug rifle-pits. 
We are quite close to the rebel works, and our skir- 
mishers talk with theirs across a little valley of two 
hundred yards' width. One could hear from the hill- 
side conversation something like this. Yank says: 
*' Johnny Reb ! John! got anything to eat over 
there?— got any corn bread?" Reb replies: ^'Yes; 
come over and get some. Say! are you Hooker's 
men?— Where's Old Joe ?" ^'O, he's 'raound ; you've 
heard of old Joe, have ye ?" And again : '' Say, Yank ! 
did you make anything on the left to-day ?" " Yes ; 
we made a h— 1 of a noise." " O, Reb ! what's you- 
'uns goin' to do to-morrow ?— goin' to fight we'uns ?" 
'' Say, Yank ! got anything to trade ?" And occasionally 
the characteristics of the chivalry came out in this style : 
'' 0, Yank! is your captain a white man or a nigger?" 
** Say I got any commissary over there ? — pass over 
your canteen." And thus, for hours, there would be a 
skirmish of words, sometimes pungent, but often good- 
natured. 

About midnight, and just as we were finishing our line 
of rifle pits, we were ordered to move. The brigade 
withdrew half a mile to the rear and rested till daylight. 
Early on the morning of the 15th, our division moved 
to the left, passing in rear of our circling lines. At 
ten o'clock we had reached the extreme left of our 
army lines, and waited an hour or two while the artil- 
lery and ammunition were brought forward. Our divi- 



118 JOURNAL- HISTORY OF THE 

sion was massed, and it was understood that Butterfield 
was to try his skill to-day. The programme was finally 
announced. Ward's First brigade was to attack. Wood's 
Third brigade to support, and Coburn's Second brigade 
to be held in reserve. When our brigade reached its 
position for deployment, we were ordered to form by 
battalion ^' en echelon," and being on the left of the 
brigade, the Seventy-third Ohio was thrown far out 
into the woods on the left. Oar skirmishers soon re- 
ported the rebel skirmishers close at hand, and a con- 
siderable body of the enemy moving to the right over 
the open ground, half a mile in our front. Just as we 
were ready to advance, orders were given to change 
the formation of the brigade to two lines "eri echelon;" 
in the execution of which there was some confusion, as 
the orders were not conveyed to all the regiments. 
When we went forward, it was but a short space to 
a wooded hill, held by the rebel skirmishers. The 
brigade charged this hill, driving the rebels back to 
their fortified line, some three hundred yards beyond ; 
and now the fire came in so sharply, on our left flank, 
that the Seventy-third Ohio was ordered to change 
front to the left. The right of the brigade having a 
continuous covering of woods, pressed forward close up 
to the enemy's works ; but there was open ground in 
front of the left and center, from the hill just taken, to 
the enemy's line of works. Two hundred yards from 
the left of our brigade, was another woods, from which 
the enemy's skirmishers now annoyed our flank. A 
heavy fire was kept up on both sides ; in maintaining 
which, the Fifty-fifth Ohio had both its field officers 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 119 

(Col. Gambee and Maj. Robbins) killed. Halfway across 
the field, in front of the Fifty-fifth Ohio and One Hun- 
dred and Thirty-sixth New York, there was a deep hol- 
low or ravine ; and these regiments were ordered for- 
ward to that position. In reaching it, they received a 
most murderous fire, and lost heavily. The Seventy- 
third remained in position in its new front, until Gen. 
Knipe's brigade arrived on the ground, and was then 
ordered to join to the left of the brigade, prolonging 
its line up the ravine. In accomplishing this, we had 
to pass over a hundred paces of open ground, fully ex- 
posed to the rebel fire. We went forward in line, on 
the run, but lost, unavoidably, quite a number killed 
and wounded. 

When the Seventy-third Ohio reached its position on 
the left of the Fifty-fifth, a New York regiment of 
Geary's division was occupying the ground, having 
passed up the ravine from the right. They were lying 
down, in line, at the foot of the hill, where they could 
not fire upon the enemy. Their colonel refused to ad- 
vance to the brow of the hill, where an effective fire 
could be delivered; and our commander ordered the 
Seventy-third to advance through, or over their line. 
This touched the pride of the New York soldiers, and, 
without command, their whole line rose up and ad- 
vanced with ours to the brow of the hill, where the two 
regiments together poured in a vigorous fire for an 
hour or two, when the New York battalion withdrew 
from the ravine. 

In the mean time, the Twenty-third corps had come 
in on our left, had crossed the open ground and pushed 



120 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

close up to the enemy's works. They had been warmly 
engaged, and had been compelled to retire. In follow- 
ing them when they withdrew from the woods on our 
left, the enemy came within a hundred paces of gain- 
ing our flank ; so they could have completely enfiladed 
our line in the ravine. 

Twice the foe came out of their works in our front, 
with the manifest intention of charging our line; once 
they got within a hundred paces, but our hail of bullets 
drove them back with loss. Gen. Knipe had formed 
his brigade on the wooded hill in our rear, and now 
opened fire over our heads. The enemy answered his 
fire, and the two storms of lead made the air musical 
above us. The rebel artillery from the fort, three hun- 
dred yards in our right front, poured over us their case 
shot and canister ; and when the enemy on our left, 
following the Twenty-third corps, had gained our flank 
so as to almost completely enfilade our line, we were 
never more nearly surrounded by the elements of wrath. 

It was a most trying moment ; but the regiment, and 
indeed the whole brigade, stood to the work, and held 
the left firmly. Thus was the fight maintained till sun- 
set, when we were relieved by Geary's men, and with- 
drew about a mile to the rear, where we rested for the 
night. The enemy evacuated their works during the 
night, and retreated across the river at Resacca. 

Thus, the battle of Resacca was sanguinary, but in- 
decisive ; the enemy, having fought behind works 
escaped with no great loss, while the mere barren vic- 
tory was to us dearly bought. Still, it was a victory, 
and we thanked God for that. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 121 

The Twentieth corps did most of the fighting in this 
engagement, and suffered more than all the others com- 
bined. The loss of our brigade was very heavy ; oui 
own regiment having ten men killed and forty-tvro 
wounded. Our wounded were cared-for attentively; 
and, early on the morning of the 16th, a detail was 
sent from the regiment, by which our dead were de- 
cently buried on the ground where they fell. And the 
division was soon pushing forward in pursuit of the foe 

Gen. Butterfield complimented our regiment highly, 
for its gallantry in the battle at Resacca, and the brigade 
commander reported, officially, that the Seventy-third 
Ohio and One Hundred and Thirty-sixth New York 
had, at a critical moment, saved the day from being a 
disaster to our arms. 



ON TO CASSVILLE. 

The Twentieth corps halted some hours, on the bank 
of the Connesauga River, just above Resacca. Later in 
the day, we crossed that river, and, moving in a south- 
easterly direction, at midnight reached the Coosawattee 
at a ferry ; crossed on a flat-boat, and bivouacked on 
the farther bank of the stream. 

This day, we were joined by Capt. Talbott, with sixty- 
two recruits just from Ohio. These men were the major 
part of one of the " thirty companies" whjch Governor 
Brough was authorized to raise during the spring of 
1864. The company had been organized before leav- 
ing the State ; but as >Ye had t^en other companies in 

IQ 



122 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

the regiment, and there had been no order for consoli- 
dation, it was determined to distribute these recruits 
among the old companies, and assign the officers to 
duty there also, — at the same time, maintaining the 
rank of the non-commissioned officers in the companies 
to which they were assigned. 

The main force of the enemy had crossed the river 
at Resacca, burning the bridge after them. A pontoon 
was hastily thrown across the stream, and most of our 
army crossed there also. 

On the next day, our corps marched about fifteen 
miles, and camped in the neighborhood of Adairsville. 
The whole army is pressing forward, in three or four 
columns, and the enemy is falling back. 

The Twentieth corps pursued its march, without in- 
terruption, till the afternoon of the 18th, when our 
route led through an extensive woodland. Here the 
road ran upon a high ridge, and the enemy had thrown 
up temporary breastworks, from behind which they 
skirmished, evidently with the purpose of delaying our 
column. Our division skirmished with them until after 
night, and, early the next morning, moved forward in 
order of battle, — the enemy retiring before our line 
with but little resistance. 

Coming to an open country, Gen. Ward's brigade 
bore to the left, while Col. Wood's went to the right 
and in the direction of Kingston, which was only a few 
miles away. 

When we had gone a couple of miles, we discovered 
quite a body of troops a short mile in our left front. 
They were moving in the same direction as ourselves, 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 123 

and it was at first supposed to be Gen. Ward's brigade. 
But, just as they rose upon a small hill beyond Nancy's 
Creek, another column, coming from the direction of 
Kingston, met the one we had first seen ; and directly 
we knew there was some misapprehension. The troops 
we could see went up the hill on the double-quick, and 
the batteries went into position in quicker time than 
that, and directly the entire hill was bristling with bay- 
onets. Still, we could scarcely believe these men were 
"Graybacks." Staff officers looked through their 
glasses, and decided that the uniforms of these strange 
forces looked "blue;" while others began to entertain 
a suspicion that the situation of our brigade was some- 
what of the same color. The Seventy-third Ohio was 
in advance of the brigade, marching in line across a 
large wheatfield, scarcely half a mile from the hill on 
which these mysterious demonstrations were being 
made. Our skirmishers were two hundred yards in 
advance of the regiment, when a line of skirmishers was 
discovered advancing to meet us, and we knew certainly 
they were foes. 

As soon as it was known that we were so close upon 
a large force of the enemy, it was considered prudent 
to retire with some rapidity ; and, while falling back, 
three men of the regiment who were on the skirmish 
line were cut off and captured. Our brigade was com- 
pletely isolated, and the rebels might have almost 
crushed it at a blow ; but they seemed perfectly willing' 
to *'let us alone," if we would be equally generous. 

The brigade retired to a commanding position, at a 
farm house about a mile from th© hill held by the foe, 



124 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

and hurriedly threw up temporary breastworks. Here 
we waited the coming forward of the other brigades of 
our division. 

The enemy were now discovered to be moving in the 
direction of Cassville ; and Gen. Butterfield, after send- 
ing his compliments in a few shells, pushed out after 
them. Half a mile out, our line became engaged in a 
warm skirmish with the enemy, and a number of men 
in the brigade were wounded. In an hour or so, how- 
ever, the rebel skirmishers withdrew. Col. Wood's 
brigade was now formed into column by battalion in 
mass; and, with the Seventy-third Ohio deployed in 
advance, moved in the direction of Cassville. The 
other brigades and divisions of our corps were closing 
in, and there was promise of a fight or a race. 

We moved through the burning woods which the re- 
tiring enemy had fired. We pushed forward, through 
fire and smoke almost suffocating, pressing our way 
through thick underbrush for a mile, when we came out 
of the woods; and just before us lay the village of 
Cassville. 

Our skirmishers quickly engaged those of the enemy, 
who were secreted in the houses of the town ; and our 
line pushed forward until we got possession of the Fe- 
male Seminary, and commanded the village, through 
which the rear of the rebel column was just passing. 
Gen. Geary closed in on our left, and a lively skirmish 
was kept up from that direction. A section of artillery 
was brought forward to Seminary Hill, and the Seventy- 
third Ohio was ordered to its support. A spirited 
artillery duel now occurred, the rebel guns on the hill 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 125 

beyond the town replying to the fire of our own, with 
wonderful accuracy. The enemy evidently did not 
wish to fight — only to cover their retreat. At dusk, 
they withdrew from the town, and it was occupied by 
the Second brigade of our division. 

We now moved back, two miles from Cassville, and 
encamped on Nancy's Creek ; and the whole army 
rested for the three succeeding days. 

Kingston and Rome are in possession of the Union 
forces. The rebels have made good their retreat across 
the Etowa, or, as the natives call it, the "High Tower" 
River. They are making Allatoona Pass a stronghold. 
There Gen. Johnston will make another stand; and 
Sherman's brain and Sherman's army must work, before 
Allatoona is won. 

The railroad bridge at Resacca has been rebuilt, and 
the train comes puffing and screaming into Kingston, 
before the place has been in our possession forty-eight 
hours. 



FLANKING ALLATOONA. 

On Monday morning, May 23d, the march was again 
resumed. The Twentieth corps had the advance ; and, 
instead of following the railroad up and across the Eto- 
wa, we turned to the right, and our course was down 
the river ten miles, where a pontoon was thrown across 
the stream. We crossed the river that night, followed 
immediately by the Twenty- third corps, and soon by 
the main army ; only a small force being left to con- 
front the enemy at Allatoona Pass. 



126 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Here, along the Etowa, are some of the finest farm- 
ing lands in Georgia. It is really a rich and beautiful 
section of country, and the farmers have in store great 
quantities of corn, cotton, wheat, bacon, melasses, etc. 

May 24th, the army moved forward again, turning 
the Allatoona Mountains, and taking the road to Dallas, 
a town near the railroad, and far in the rear of Alla- 
toona Pass. After leaving the valley of the Etowa, 
our route lay over a series of pine ridges, picturesque 
and grand beyond any we had yet seen. When we had 
moved some six or eight miles through this noble col- 
umnar forest, the cavalry in our advance began to 
skirmish with the enemy. Late in the afternoon, But- 
terfield's division was drawn off the main Dallas road to 
the left, at a commanding place called "Burnt Hick- 
ory." On the following morning, the march was re- 
sumed toward Dallas ; but the main roads being occu- 
pied by other advancing columns, our division was 
halted and rested some hours, taking an early dinner; 
and then, moving to the left, we crossed Pumpkin-vine 
Creek, and came out on the main road, five miles from 
Dallas. 



BATTLE OF NEW HOPE CHURCH. 

Here we learned that the head of column of our corps 
had been stopped by the appearance of the enemy in 
our front in formidable numbers. The advance brigade 
of Geary's division had engaged the rebel cavalry about 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 127 

eleven o'clock, and had driven them a mile or^more, 
when they found themselves engaging a superior force 
of infantry, and in turn were driven back. The enemy 
did not pursue them, but remained on the defensive, 
and at once began to fortify their position across the 
main road, on which the Twentieth corps was advanc- 
ing. Prisoners taken reported about one half of the 
rebel army in our immediate front, and the remainder 
coming from Allatoona to join them. 

It was two o'clock in the afternoon when the Third 
division arrived upon the ground where the engage- 
ment had occurred in the morning, and where skirmish- 
ing was still going on ; and from the manner in which 
the Twentieth corps was being hurried forw^ard, there 
was strong indications that ^vork was to be done. We 
werCv it seemed, in the midst of an extensive forest, the 
ground, in every direction, being heavily timbered. 
Our division was massed on the right of the road, and 
awaited orders. 

Gen. Williams arrived with his First division, and 
took the advance, and several pieces of artillery were 
sent to the front. There was some delay in making 
dispositions for battle, and we were massed, and de- 
ployed, and marched backward and forward, until 
about five o'clock, when, all things being ready, the 
Twentieth corps moved forward to the attack. The 
First division held the advance, the Second supported, 
and the Third was held in reserve. The rebel line 
being formed across the road, with the extreme right 
and left pushed a little forward, formed a kind of semi- 
circle, into which our attacking force advanced, and the 



128 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

struggle that ensued was most fierce and deadly. The 
enemy had made good use of the hours since the morn- 
ing skirmish, in building breastworks, and in planting 
and masking cannon ; so that he was enabled, without 
much loss to himself, to deliver a most effective and 
murderous fire, almost annihilating the battalions which 
thus advanced upon him in open, bold and shelterless 
attack. When the battle had raged at the front for 
some time, with a fierceness that told all too plainly how 
merciless and deadly was the strife, the Third division 
was ordered forward. It was a mile from where we 
had been massed in reserve to the front line of battle. 
Our brigade, which was the last of the division, crossed 
to the left of the road, and deployed. The Fifty-fifth 
Ohio and One Hundred and Thirty-sixth New York 
formed the first line ; the Seventy-third Ohio and 
Thirty-third Massachusetts, the second ; and the 
Twenty-sixth Wisconsin, the third. The brigade thus 
formed, with the right touching the road, moved for- 
ward, and as we approached the scene of action, we 
were the more deeply impressed that an obstinate and 
bloody conflict was being maintained in our front. We 
were now within range of the bullets and shells of the 
enemy, and expecting, in a few minutes, to be engaged. 
The Seventy-third Oiiio was on the left of the second 
line of the brigade, and flankers had been thrown out. 
These flankers suddenly became engaged in a sharp 
skirmish, and the enemy's fire came sweeping down our 
line. A continuous rebel line of battle was now dis- 
covered on our immediate left, and as the road at this 
point bore away to the right, if we went forward this 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 129 

rebel force would be in our rear; Thus, it became 
necessary for us to confront the force whose position 
we had developed, and whose fire now enfiladed our 
line. The Seventy-third was now ordered to change 
front, and a strong line of skirmishers was sent for- 
ward. The enemy was very near, and his main line 
was protected by incomplete breastworks. A brisk 
skirmish was kept up for some minutes, when the 
brigade commander sent orders for the regiment to 
advance, and attack the enemy in its front. True, it 
seemed like madness for a single regiment, without 
connections right or left, to move upon an extended 
line of the enemy, when that line was protected by 
temporary breastworks ; but the order was peremp- 
tory, and must be obeyed. 

Accordingly, the skirmishers were called in, and the 
battalion ordered forward. We had not advanced fifty 
paces when we were greeted by a volley from the ene- 
my's line of battle. Under such a fire as now poured 
in upon us, it w^as simply impossible to advance ; at 
best, we could only maintain our position, and return 
the enemy's fire. In a few minutes the Thirty-third 
Massachusetts changed front, and came in on our left, 
prolonging our line of battle, and adding their fire to 
our own. The Seventy-third was greatly exposed, and 
suffered severely from the bitter fire it was compelled 
to receive. Lieut.-Col. Hurst was wounded early in 
the fight, and the command of the regiment devolved 
on Major Higgins. Captain Hinson and Lieut. Davis 
were also wounded severely, and many in the ranks 
were falling, and being borne to the rear. It seemed a 
11 



130 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

worse than useless sacrifice of life to attempt thus to 
maintain an open fight against a fortified foe, when it 
was literally impossible for us to advance. But brigade 
orders were imperative that this unequal fight should 
be continued; and so the regiment stood to the work, 
though with rapidly thinning ranks. Just at dark, the 
Seventy-third Ohio was relieved by the Twenty-sixth 
Wisconsin ; and the fire continued for a time, until, by 
common consent, the general engagement ended. Our 
forces were withdrawn a short distance, a continuous 
line of battle formed, and a line of works hastily con- 
structed. During that night and the next day, the 
most of our army came forward ; and the hosts of 
Sherman and Johnston again stood face to face. 

In this engagement, called the battle of "New Hope 
Church," or by some "Burnt Hickory," or "Dallas," 
the Twentieth corps fought alone, sustaining a loss of 
two thousand five hundred men killed and wounded. 
Some of the advance regiments in the First division 
were almost annihilated by the enemy's canister. The 
Seventy-third Ohio had gone into the fight with two 
hundred and fifty men, and had suffered a loss of sev- 
enty-two men in killed and wounded. Most bitter to 
us was the belief that this great sacrifice had been un- 
necessarily made. Gen. Hooker had himself opposed 
making the attack, as he was convinced the enemy were 
present in greatly superior numbers, and had chosen 
and partially fortified their own ground. But he was 
overruled, and ordered to give battle against his judg- 
ment ; and though the corps fought with a spirit and 
bravery unsurpassed, it availed nothing, only it devel- 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 131 

oped the position and strength of the foe, which could 
have been accomplished by one brigade, and with little 
loss. 

The two armies now confronted each other in defiant 
attitude. We were almost ten miles from the railroad, 
the nearest station being Ackworth. Our army base 
was at Kingston, twenty-four miles distant. Gen. 
McPherson came in on our right, and occupied Dallas ; 
and now, for several days, the combatants, on either 
side, stood to their guns with constant watchfulness, 
and the expectation of the renewal of the fight. There 
were dashes and charges made to gain a position, or 
break a line; but as the assailed were always ready, no 
advantage was gained. Pive days after the battle, our 
wounded were sent back to Kingston. Large trains of 
ammunition and supplies were brought forward, and 
our army began a general movement to the left, with 
the object of gaining the railroad. It was difficult to 
let go our hold upon the right, and arduous work to 
fortify a continuous line to the left. Yet slowly and 
steadily this movement went on. Thus lapping over 
and pressing forward our left, the enemy was compelled 
to conform to the movements of the Union army, and 
change the front of his army lines to the right. Both 
armies kept constantly and strongly fortified. The ax 
and spade were incessantly at work, and every move- 
ment was made with_ great caution. 

On the 4th of June, our cavalry reached the rail- 
road, and the enemy yielded Allatoona and Ackworth. 
The weather was now very unfavorable. Day and 
night the rain poured in torrents. The roads were 



132 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

almost impassable, and artillery and wagons " swamped 
down " in the fields and woods. Burnside was never 
more completely " stuck in the mud." 

The enemy had fallen back to the line of Lost Moun- 
tain and Pine Mountain. Our generals supposed, in- 
deed, that he had retired beyond the Chattahoochee ; 
and with that view Gen. Sherman issued his order 
making dispositions for future movements. But the 
rain still continued to pour in floods, and the order was 
necessarily countermanded. The railroad bridge across 
the Etowa was repaired, and the army received its sup- 
plies from Allatoona. Gen. Blair arrived at Ackworth 
with two divisions of the Seventeenth corps ; and the 
Fifteenth and Sixteenth corps also swung around to 
the left. 

June 15th, there was some fighting on our left, and 
the enemy yield Pine Mountain. In the afternoon, 
Butterfield's division moved to the right and forward, 
crossing the works of the Twenty-third corps on the 
Sandtown road, and encountering the enemy a mile in 
front of those works. The division was massed in a 
wheat field, and dispositions made for an attack. 



ENGAGEMENT NEAR LOST MOUNTAIN. 

The division moved forward, the Third brigade sup- 
porting the First in the attack. We were welcomed 
with a furious cannonade — the case-shot and shell 
crashing through the timber, and scattering the frag- 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL, INFANTRY. 133 

ments over us indiscriminately. The First brigade 
pushed forward close up to the rebel works. They 
had some sharp fighting, and lost seventy men ; only 
two in our regiment were wounded. During the night 
we rested on our arms, while Col. Coburn, who had 
relieved Gen. Ward, kept up a continuous and heavy 
skirmish fire in our front. Early the next morning, 
Wood's brigade completed a line of works, and they 
were extended right and left — the Twenty-third corps 
joining us at the Sandtown road. Occasionally the 
rebel batteries, scarcely four hundred yards in our 
front, would open upon us spitefully, and the case and 
shell would come screaming through the woods, blazing 
and thundering over our heads in a way that Avas alto- 
gether ugly. 

On the night of June 16th, our brigade moved to the 
left, and relieved Gen. Ward. Our line was very close 
to the enemy's, both being strongly fortified. At day- 
light the next morning, the rebel skirmish fire ceased, 
and directly the shout of our own men told that the 
foe was gone. At once everything was put in readi- 
ness to follow them. The skirmishers of our brigade 
crossed the abandoned works of the enemy, and pushed 
forward two miles, capturing a rebel battle-flag, and a 
few prisoners. Our column followed rapidly, and 
about two miles out, the enemy again disputed our 
advance. 

The Twentieth corps now took position on a com- 
manding ridge, only three miles from Kenesaw Moun- 
tain. From this splendid position, we could overlook 
the whole ground occupied by the contending armies. 



134 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

The Fourth corps pushed up on our left, and had some 
warm work; while the skirmishers of the Twentieth 
kept up a lively chorus, and our cannon shelled the 
low-lying woods between Kenesaw and Lost Mountains. 
Here we went into bivouac, and rested two days — if it 
may be called resting, lying on the ground in a drench- 
ing rain, with our cannon shaking the earth beneath us. 



BATTLE DAYS IN FRONT OF KENESAW. 

Again the enemy fell back, giving up Lost Mountain, 
and throwing his left back toward the river. His lines 
now formed a semi-circle in front of Marietta, with the 
strono^hold of Kenesaw Mountain in his rio^ht center. 

Again our division went forward, and, crossing a 
swollen creek with difficulty, pushed out about a mile ; 
and without supports or connections, charged the 
enemy in the woods, and, after a brisk fight, drove 
back their advanced line. In this bold adventure 
of Butterfield's division, the Seventy-third Ohio lost 
sixteen men killed and wounded. Captain J. C. Mc- 
Common was very severely w^ounded while leading his 
men on the skirmish line. On the following day, our 
division supported the First division in a movement on 
the right — made to gain a commanding position, and 
enable Gen. Schofield to cross the creek. 

June 21st, our division supported Gen. Geary in an 
advance on the right ; and tlie Fourth corps came up, 
and connected with our left again. On the 22d, there 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 135 

was a general movement of the Twentieth corps. Gens. 
Geary and Williams gained a commanding ridge on our 
right ; and Butterfield charged up to within four hun- 
dred yards of the enemy's main w^orks — driving their 
skirmishers from a fortified position back upon their 
main line, and occupying and converting their defenses 
into a continuous line of loyal breastworks. 

The charge of Wood's brigade was a most daring feat 
of arms. At the left of the brigade the works of the 
rebel skirmishers were taken and retaken several times, 
but finally held by our men. The brigade suffered 
considerable loss in this daring charge ; the Seventy- 
third Ohio losing four men killed and fifteen wounded. 



AT THE POWDER-SPRING ROAD. 

In the afternoon, we were relieved by the Fourth 
corps, and moved hurriedly to the right, where the 
enemy had assumed the oifensive, and the situation was 
reported critical. We arrived, just at dark, in rear of 
the First division, and learned that the rebels had made 
a bold assault upon our lines there before they were for- 
tified, with the design of driving back our right, and 
retaining possession of the Powder-spring road, across 
which our lines were just forming. They attacked 
boldly, but were repulsed with heavy loss. 

The following morning, our division moved still far- 
ther to the right, and relieved a division of the Twenty- 
third corps at the Powder-spring road — pushed forward 



136 JOURNAL-HISTOEY OF THE 

half a mile, and built a double line of works. Gen. 
Schofield, with the Twenty-third corps, kept pushing 
out still further to the right. 

On the 27th, occurred the memorable assault on the 
rebel works, in front and to the right of Kenesaw 
Mountain, which was repulsed with such heavy loss. 
No part of our corps participated in the assault. We 
simply kept up a heavy fire, to hold the enemy in our 
front while the assault was being made. This direct 
assault having failed, we were ordered to be ready to 
march, with eight days' rations. But the rations were 
not forthcoming, and we did not march. 

A heavy flank movement on the right was being at- 
tempted, and the whole army of the Tennessee swung 
round from the left to the right. 

July 1st, there was heavy firing, all along our lines, 
to hold the enemy in his intrenchraents while the army 
moved to the right. On this day, Gen. Butterfield re- 
linquished the command of our division. His depar- 
ture was deeply regretted, by officers and men alike. 

The rebel commander evidently understood the move- 
ment on his flank and threatening his communications ; 
and, on the night of July 2d, he yielded his strong po- 
t}ition and formidable works at Kenesaw Mountain, and 
fell back toward the Chattahoochee River. 

Early on the morning of the 3d, the T^Yentieth corps 
moved forward to within a mile of Marietta, where the 
Third division had a sharp skirmish with the enemy's 
rear guard. Learning that Marietta was already occu- 
pied by the Fourth corps, our division turned to the 
light, and followed closely the retiring enemy. Gen. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 137 

Ward, who, as the ranking officer, had succeeded to 
the command of our division, pursued the enemy vigor- 
ousl}^ ; and, about noon, came upon them in a chosen 
position. The rebel artillery opened upon our advance, 
and skirmishing became lively. We were at once de- 
ployed in order of battle, and were just ready to move 
upon the enemy, when Gen. Hooker arrived and se- 
verely rebuked his subordinate for his imprudence. 

In the afternoon, we were relieved by the Fourteenth 
corps, and moved to the right and across Nickajack 
Creek. 

July 4th, the Seventy-third Ohio and Twenty-sixth 
Wisconsin were ordered on a reconnoisance to the right, 
to open communication w^ith the Twenty-third corps. 
We returned at noon, and the whole corps moved some 
three miles to the right, closing on the left of the 
Twenty-third. The skirmishers of the two corps held 
a line along Nickajack Creek. 

Late in the afternoon, some officers discovered a 
force across the creek, moving, as they thought, toward 
the position we occupied; and at once orders were 
given to prepare for battle. The whole line threw up 
temporary breastworks, and Gen. Williams trained his 
cannon on the force across the creek. Suddenly it was 
discovered to be the Sixteenth corps, which had crossed 
the creek farther down. 

That night, the Seventy-third Ohio held an im- 
promptu celebration of the National Anniversary. A 
number of short speeches w^ere made, and the band 
played national airs and home melodies, calling back 
into memory the pleasant associations of the peaceful 



138 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

past, and awakening in our hearts new longings for 
home. 

On the next day, our division moved down and across 
Nickajack Creek, to a position only four miles from 
the Chattahoochee. 

July 6th, we move two miles, and camp on a wooded 
hill, where we have a splendid view of the valley of the 
Chattahoochee ; and where, only ten miles distant 
across the valley, we can plainly see the spires and 
turrets of the coveted city of Atlanta. 



ACROSS THE CHATTAHOOCHEE. 

The enemy retired across the river, holding, how- 
ever, a position at the railroad hridge for several days. 
The army rested now for a short time. The Twentieth 
corps remained in camp here ten days. The army of 
the Tennessee swung round to the left again, and 
moved up the river to Ross.well. The Fourth and 
Twenty-third corps crossed the river near the railroad 
bridge, which the enemy had destroyed; and, on the 
17th of July, our corps also crossed on a pontoon near 
Pace's Ferry. 

The next day, we pushed on across Nancy's Creek, 
and connected with the Fourth corps at Buckhead. 
McPherson's army reached to Decatur. The army of 
the Ohio came in on his right; while the army of the 
Cumberland reached from Buckhead to the railroad. 
And now, forming a complete semi-circle north of the 
city, with its flanks resting across the railroad east and 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 130 

west, and its communications established, our army 
closed in on the doomed city. 

On the morning of the 20th, our division moved 
across Peach-tree Creek. Gen. Geary had already 
crossed, on our right ; and Newton's division of the 
Fourth corps, on our left ; and both had fortified. We 
were halted at the foot of the first range of hills, three 
hundred yards from the creek, about the same distance 
in rear of Geary and Newton, and masking the interval 
between them. 



BATTLE OF PEACH-TREE CREEK. 

It was understood that our entire corps would ad- 
vance its lines, at two o'clock. About one o'clock, 
however, while the First division was moving into posi- 
tion on the right of the Second, and we were awaiting 
preparations for the advance, the skirmish fire suddenly 
grew warm in our front. The enemy were reported 
advancing, in two lines, to attack us, and our skirmish- 
ers were falling back. 

Our battalions at once sprang to arms, and, as soon 
as orders could be obtained, the first line of our brigade 
went forward. It reached the top of the first range of 
hills, just as our skirmishers began to retire from the 
second, three hundred yards in front. The line pushed 
forward two hundred yards to a ravine, where, meeting 
the retreating skirmishers, the battalions were halted, 
and the men lay down. 

On came the rebel lines, sweeping everything before 



140 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

them, shouting and cheering in the fullness of their 
enthusiasm. On they came, over the second hill and 
down almost to the ravine, — when our men suddenly 
rose up, and poured into their ranks a most murderous 
volley. Many of them fell, some tried to hide in the 
ditches on the hillside, and others went back. Then 
our line charged up the crest of the hill, and continued 
to deliver a rapid and telling fire on the retreating foe. 

The Seventy-third Ohio was in the second line of the 
brigade, which was soon ordered to relieve the first line. 
We went forward, amid a shower of balls from the 
enemy, and were welcomed with a shout by our com- 
rades. We at once opened fire upon the enemy, who 
was now trying to take shelter in the Avoods to our 
right and left front ; the ground in our immediate front 
being open for half a mile. We held this position dur- 
ing the afternoon, all the time delivering and receiving 
a heavy fire. 

In the meantime, the battle raged all along the lines 
of our corps, and Newton's division of the Fourth corps. 
Charge after charge was made, to break our lines ; but 
in vain. Newton was strongly fortified, and Geary par- 
tially so ; but the divisions of Ward and Williams had 
met and repulsed the foe, in open ground. They, of 
course, lost heavily, as the battle was hotly contested. 

Our victory was as complete as the battle had been 
earnest. The enemy's loss was very heavy, being esti- 
mated by themselves at six thousand men. In our 
division front, the ground was literally strewn with 
their dead and wounded ; and of one regiment, the 
Thirty-third Mississippi, there were left upon the field 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 141 

thirteen commissioned officers, and a proportional num- 
ber of men killed and wounded. 

In this engagement, the Seventy-third Ohio lost 
eighteen men killed and wounded. Our brigade lost 
one hundred and forty-three ; our division, five hundred 
and twenty ; and the corps, seventeen hundred. Our 
division captured seven battle-flags, and many prison- 
ers, — most of the rebel wounded falling into our hands. 

Here we learned, from prisoners and Atlanta papers, 
that Gen. Johnston had been superseded in the com- 
mand of the rebel army, by Hood; and that he pro- 
posed to hold and defend Atlanta to the last. He had 
begun his administration by this day taking the offen- 
sive. Whether he will improve on Johnston's tactics, 
remains to be seen. Surely, this day's fight was a bad 
beginning. 

July 21st, we rest and bury our dead, and the dead 
of the enemy within our lines. Their wounded are also 
sent to our hospitals. 

During the last night, the enemy retired to his line 
of works, about a mile in our front, and about three 
miles from the city. 

Gen. McPherson was now within a mile and a half 
of the city at the northeast side, and had thrown some 
shells inside the corporate limits. 

At night, the enemy abandoned the works in our 
front; and early on the morning of the 22d, our line 
pressed forv^ard, — each division striving to reach the 
city first; all, alike, believing that Atlanta had been 
evacuated. But, half way to the city, we again en- 
countered the rebel skirmishers, and slowly pressed 



142 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

them back on their last line of forts and breastworks 
around the city. Then a connected line was formed, 
and fortifications hastily thrown up. The enemy were 
in their "last ditch;" and already our Parrot shells 
were screaming through the Gate city. 



SIEGE OF ATLANTA. 

Toward noon, we heard heavy firing on the extreme 
left of our army lines ; and, in the afternoon, there 
were rumors of hot and disastrous work in that direc- 
tion. But, when the ofiicial news came the next day, 
we learned that a threatened defeat was turned into a 
signal victory, — resulting in terrible loss to the enemy. 
Hood had massed his forces on McPherson's left, and 
was rapidly gaining his rear ; he was driving every- 
thing before him, and had captured a large portion of 
McPherson's artillery, when the tide of battle changed 
and the splendid valor of our troops snatched victory 
from defeat, and drove the enemy back again with 
great slaughter. 

This triumphant issue of battle was deeply saddened, 
however, by the loss of many brave and true men, — 
chief among whom was the gallant McPherson himself. 

On the following day, our brigade was moved to the 
extreme right of the corps, where it supported a bat- 
tery near the railroad. This battery had some spirited 
duels with a fort, some four hundred yards in our front, 
and sent into the city the regards of a twenty-pound 
Parrot, every five minutes, day and night. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 143 

On the 24th, the brigade built a new line of works, 
yet closer to the enemy. We remained in this position 
until the 28th ; meanwhile, the array of the Tennessee, 
with Gen. Howard in command, had moved from the 
left to the extreme right. 

Having cut the Augusta railroad at Decatur, and our 
cavalry having destroyed it still farther east, Gen. 
Sherman now began a movement to the right, so as to 
cut the only other road leading into Atlanta. 

While the army of the Tennessee was moving into 
position, however, on the 28th, the enemy attacked 
fiercely our extreme right and flank. The right was 
promptly refused, and the enemy welcomed with even 
a more decisive result than on the 22d, though the en- 
gagement was not so general. The enemy suffered 
greatly, and was most bitterly repulsed ; while, owing 
to the advantage of ground, and covert of timber and 
temporary breastworks, our loss was comparatively 
slight. The news of this engagement was also, at 
first, unfavorable ; and, supposing Gen. Howard hardly 
pressed. Ward's division of the Twentieth corps was 
ordered to move rapidly to his support. When we had 
marched a mile or two, however, we were met with the 
glad news of a victory, and returned to our old place 
again. On this day. Gen. Hooker took leave of the old 
Twentieth corps. He had been ignored and refused 
admittance to the confidence and counsels of Gen. Sher- 
man, all through the campaign ; and now, the placing 
of a junior ofiicer over him in the assignment to the 
command of the Army of the Tennessee, had wounded 
him so deeply, that he felt he could no longer be dis- 



144 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

honored. His parting interview with the general and 
field officers of the corps, will long be remembered. 
No general in Sherman's army was so endeared to his 
officers and men ; no one approached him in popular- 
ity ; tliat was perhaps the reason his rank and ability 
were not recognized. Gen. Williams assumed com- 
mand of the corps. 

On the next day, July 29th, the Third division moved 
about four miles to the right, and supported Gen. Jeff. 
C. Davis' division, in a reconnoisance on the flank, 
reaching the position desired with only skirmishing in 
front. It was a commanding position on the road from 
Atlanta to Sandtown, and to the right front of the Fif- 
teenth corps. Here we built defenses, and bivouacked 
for the night. We had now an opportunity of seeing 
the battle-ground of yesterday ; and hundreds of rebel 
dead, yet unburied, attested the terrible punishment 
inflicted on the foe. It was sad to look upon the wind- 
rows of dead, even though they were enemies ; for we 
knew that many had persuaded themselves that they 
were dying in a noble cause ; that the breaking-up of 
the "best Government the sun of heaven ever shone 
upon," and establishing, in its stead, an empire of 
slaves, was doing God and humanity service ; and so, 
died with a heroism worthy of a better cause, — while 
hundreds of others, loathing the cause into which they 
had been conscripted, and longing to go back to their 
homes and enjoy the prosperity and happiness that 
rested on the land in the peaceful old days of the 
Union ; still, driven on by reckless and conscienceless 
leaders, and by a kind of sense of personal honor which 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 145 

prompts a man to die like a man, even in an ignoble 
cause, went to their death unswervingly. 

Gen. Hood's third attack had thus been bitterly 
repulsed; and altogether, in ten days, he had lost 
scarcely less than 20,000 men — about one third of his 
entire army. His men said he had but one or two "kil- 
lins" left. On the next day, our division moved out 
on the Sandtown road a mile or two, and went into camp. 
We remained here several days, guarding the right 
flank of the grand army. 

August 1st, our brigade supported a reconnoisance 
to the front, made by Gen. Davis, while the Fifteenth 
corps advanced its lines, and built new works. 

The Twenty-third corps now changed position to the 
extreme right, thus relieving our division, and we re- 
turned to the old position near the railroad. August 
3d, Ward's division relieved a part of the Fourteenth 
corps, which also went to the right. We found two 
lines of works already built in the position assigned to 
Wood's brigade ; and at once began building another. 
Taking advantage of darkness, we steadily pushed for- 
ward our lines, which had to be under constant cover 
of works, until we had constructed four new lines of 
works, and were within rifle range of the enemy's main 
line of battle. We were in a very exposed position. 
A constant fire of sharp-shooters and skirmishers was 
kept up for many days and nights ; and in the daytime, 
the rebel forts thundered at us with shot and shell, and 
the hail of lead fell thick over all the ground occupied 
by our brigade. Almost every day our regiment fur- 
nished one or more victims for this useless and cruel 
12 



146 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

fire of skirmishers. Among them, Lieut. I. N. Haw- 
kins was most dangerously and painfully wounded. 

By the 10th of August, we had pushed our lines as 
close upon the enemy's works as it was possible to do; 
and our army had reached out to the right as far as it 
could go, and maintain its present lines of supply and 
communication; and now, for a fortnight, we held on' 
to our grasp upon the foe, our cannon hurling tons of 
iron into the besieged city, and our infantry pressing 
the rebel lines at every point. Still, they held on to 
the "Gate," and hurled back their responses to our 
guns, sometimes throwing from their siege guns im- 
mense missiles, which the boys familiarly called " camp- 
kettles." 

Thus we lay under this interminable fire of small- 
arms, accompanied, in the daytime, by artillery duels, 
that shook the very earth, keeping ourselves always 
ready for a charge. Thus, for more than a month, our 
army had partially encircled the doomed city; and 
pressed every point on their line to compel the evac- 
uation of the place. 



Finally, Gen. Sherman determined on another grand 
flank movement; and on the night of August 25th, we 
quietly withdrew from our lines. The whole army, 
except the Twentieth corps, moved to the right, cutting 
loose from their base, crossing the West Point Railroad, 
and moving so as to strike the Macon road near Jones- 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 147 

boro'. Our corps retired to the Chattahoocliee, and 
established a defensive line, so as to protect the railroad 
and our depots of supplies at Marietta and at the Chat- 
tahoochee bridge. Our division was stationed at Tur- 
ner's Ferry, and at once fortified the position strongly; 
and it was, indeed, a great relief to get away from the 
hail of lead and iron at Atlanta, and to lay down at 
night, as we had not done for a month, without the 
sound of small-arms or the booming of cannon to dis- 
turb our rest. 

On the 27th, Gen. Slocum took command of the 
Twentieth corps. Our division lines were formed in a 
semi-circle around the ferry, and Gen. Slocum had just 
finished the circuit of them, when a body of rebels, that 
had been reported menacing our lines in the morning, 
opened fire, and drove in our pickets. They also 
brought a section of artillery to bear upon us, from a 
commanding hill, and shelled us quite briskly. Fol- 
lowing our retiring pickets, they charged forward 
almost to our main line; but when they discovered that 
line, they went back as rapidly as they came, and their 
whole force retired again toward Atlanta. 

The enemy appear to have been completely misled 
by Gen. Sherman's movements, and for a while, were 
quite sure he had retired from Atlanta, and abandoned 
the siege altogether. The Atlanta papers were jubilant 
over this view of the situation. During the night of 
September 1st, there were sounds as of artillery in the 
distance ; and in the morning. Col. Coburn, of the Sec- 
ond brigade was sent with a detail from the division, of 
eight hundred men, on a reconnoisance toward the city. 



148 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



ATLANTA OURS. 

Finding no enemy, save some cavalry scouts and 
skirmishers, Col. Coburn pushed on into the city, the 
cavalry retiring before his skirmish line. And so, at 
last, Atlanta is ours. The rebel infantry had evacuated 
the place the night before ; the sounds we heard as of 
cannon, being the explosion of great stores of artillery 
ammunition, which they themselves destroyed. Three 
trains— eighty-four cars in all — loaded with artillery 
ammunition, ordinance and other war material were 
destroyed by them, together with four engines, and an 
extensive foundry, where vast amounts of ammunition 
for cannon had been manufactured. 

Meanwhile, Gen. Sherman had thrown his main army 
on the railroad near Jonesboro', twenty-five miles from 
Atlanta — had fought an important battle — had driven 
the enemy, and destroyed the road; thus necessitating 
the evacuation of Atlanta by Gen. Hood. On the 2d, 
Gen. Sherman, believing that Hood's main army was in 
the vicinity of Jonesboro', sent orders to Gen. Slocum 
to "feel the enemy at Atlanta." The courier found 
Gen. Slocum comfortably quartered in the city, and 
returned to Jonesboro' with the news, which caused 
great joy throughout the army. 

September 4th, our brigade was moved to the de- 
fenses of Atlanta, and assigned a position in the line on 
a wooded hill, south-east of the city. 

Two companies of the Seventy-third Ohio, in the 
detachment of Col. Coburn, to whom the city was sur- 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 149 

rendered, were, under the command of Capt. Downing, 
deployed as skirmishers, and were the first Union sol- 
diers to enter the city. We found the defenses of the 
place very formidable, indeed. In many places they 
seemed absolutely to defy all human skill and courage. 
An assault could only have proven an immense slaughter. 



CAMPING AT ATLANTA. 

Gen. Sherman having accomplished the object of his 
unprecedented campaign, now ordered the army back 
from Jonesboro'. The Army of the Ohio went to De- 
catur; the Army of the Tennessee, to East Point; and 
the Army of the Cumberland grouped in and around 
Atlanta: and, by the 9th of September, the whole army 
was resting from its labors. 

It was exactly four months from the day we left 
Lookout Valley till our forces entered Atlanta in tri- 
umph ; and during these four months, there was one 
unbroken strain of every power, mental and physical. 
The two armies had grappled each other in an un- 
resting struggle for the mastery, doing everything 
which generalship could devise, or heroism and endu- 
rance execute. From Rocky-faced Ridge to Jones- 
boro' was one vast battle-field — a hundred and twenty 
miles long. Almost every farm^ was ribbed with rifle- 
pits, and every field and wood made historic with the 
graves of heroes. But over this vast field, and through, 
or over, or around its apparently impregnable natural 
barriers, and chains of most formidable works, the 



150 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

clear brain, and indomitable will of Sherman, with the 
splendid valor and patient endurance of his resistless 
army had steadily borne back the foe, until the goal 
Avas won. And the rebel army, all shattered and sad- 
dened by disaster and defeat, saw all their sacrifices 
rendered vain, as the grand army of Sherman marched 
in triumph into Atlanta, or gathered in groups around 
it, to rest on the laurels of their victorious campaign. 

In this wonderful campaign, our corps, division, 
brigade and regiment had borne a full share of the 
arduous work, and suffered most severely. The Sev- 
enty-third Ohio lost, in killed and wounded, two 
hundred and ten men and eight officers. The regiment 
had made an honorable record on every field where it 
had been called upon to battle, and fully sustained the 
character of a veteran battalion. 

We built us a splendid camp on the wooded hill to 
which we had been assigned as a link in the chain of 
Atlanta defenses. And now, for two months, we rest 
from the labors and struggles of the field. Army 
orders are issued for the hurrying forward of supplies, 
and preparations are begun for a "fine winter cam- 
paign." Forrest and Wheeler, with their cavalry 
commands, began attracting attention to Tennessee, 
threatening seriously our lines of communication. 
Several divisions of infantry were sent from Atlanta 
and disposed so as protect the road, and, if possible, 
entrap one of these raiders. 

About the first of October, Gen. Hood cut loose from 
his base at Macon, crossed the Chattahoochee, moved 
around Marietta, and struck the railroad near Ack- 



SEYENTY-TIIIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 151 

worth. He had ^vith him only about 30,000 troops, 
but they -were stripped of all incumbrances, and pre- 
pared for rapid movements, 

Sherman watched his movements closely, and imme- 
diately set in motion all his army, saving the Twentieth 
corps, which was left to garrison Atlanta. He rested 
his head of column at Kenesaw Mountain, and strongly 
guarded the Chattahoochee^ bridge. Hood moved 
against Allatoona, and was welcomed by Gen. Corse, in 
command at the Pass. Hood assaulted the place with 
three divisions; but was repulsed with a loss of a 
thou'sand men. He now moved around to the left of 
the Allatoona Mountains, and marched on Rome. Gen. 
Sherman pushed on to Kingston and Rome; while 
Hood swung around them, and again struck the rail- 
road, tearing up twenty-five miles of the track, and 
capturing the small garrisons at Dalton and Tilton. 

By this time. Gen. Scofield had fifteen thousand men 
at Chattanooga, and Sherman was pressing hard on 
Hood's rear. He therefore moved off to the south- 
west; and when he had reached northern Alabama, 
Gen. Sherman left Gen. Thomas to look after him, and 
returned to Atlanta. 

The Twentieth corps had set to work, making a most 
formidable line of works around Atlanta. It was esti- 
mated that when finished, six thousand men could hold 
the place against the whole rebel army. The works 
had advanced toward completion, Avhen suddenly their 
construction was stopped. Atlanta was evidently to 
be abandoned, and some bold movement attempted by 
Sherman's army. 



152 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Daring the time, the railroad was broken in our rear ; 
of course, no supplies could be brought forward; and 
having no forage, our animals were threatened with 
starvation. Under these circumstances, Gen. Slocum 
sent large foraging expeditions into the country east- 
ward, to Stone Mountain and Yellow River ; and over 
two thousand waa;on-loads of corn were brouo^ht in. 
Our regiment and brigade were in one of these expedi- 
tions, which consisted of three brigades and two sec- 
tions of artillery. We were gone four days, and 
brought in nine hundred wagon-loads of corn ; besides, 
the men got enough sweet-potatoes and fresh meat to 
make them happy for a fortnight. 

For nearly a month, we are in constant expectation 
of a movement, and are preparing for a long campaign. 

November od, the Twentieth corps filed out of camp, 
and halted three miles out, on the Covington road. 
We supposed the great canipaign had begun; but, the 
next morning, we were ordered back again into our 
own old camps. 

Then came the organization of the Army of Georgia. 
Right wing, Fifteenth and Seventeenth corps; Left wing. 
Fourteenth and Twentieth. Howard commanding the 
right ; Slocum, the left ; and Sherman, the whole army. 

The surplus stores were sent back on the railroad ; 
and the road was then abandoned, as far back as Dalton. 

On the 9th of November, at daylight, a force of the 
enemy made an attack on the works, at the west side 
of Atlanta ; at the same time, making a feint of attack 
on the east side. It was a division from Jonesboro, 
come to see whether we still held Atlanta in force. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 153 

They hurled their shells, and pushed forward their skir- 
mishers rather boldly ; but retired again, as vigorously 
as they advanced. 

November 13th, the railroad through Atlanta is be- 
ing burned, and the public buildings are ready for the 
torch. The Army of Georgia is marshaled for the 
great campaign, — ready for whatever fate or fortune 
may betide. 



Sherman's grand march to the sea. 

On the 15th of November, our corps started from 
Atlanta, and on the 16th, the whole army was in mo- 
tion. The order of march was in four columns on 
parallel roads. It was understood, that the right wing 
would menace Macon, while the left would, for a dis- 
tance, sweep down the Augusta railroad; and the two 
wings would come together somewhere near Millen, as 
the circumstances of the march might dictate to the 
commanding general. There was much speculation 
and some anxiety, to know where we should strike the 
coast ; but that, too, was doubtless left for the circum- 
stances of the march and the movements of the enemy 
to dictate. There was but one contingency that gave 
us any anxiety, in entering upon a campaign without a 
base, and making a march of three hundred miles 
through the heart of an enemy's country, — and that 
was, the possibility of the evacuation of Richmond by 
Gen. Lee, and the concentration of the whole rebel 
army on our front, before we reached the coast. 
13 



154 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Our generals, and, in fact, our whole army, felt con- 
fident that no Confederate power, outside of Lee's 
army, could keep us from reaching a base on the coast. 

We were ordered to collect commissaries and forage, 
and live upon the country, — taking from the rich as 
far as possible, and sparing the poor. 

The Twentieth corps. Gen. Williams commanding, 
formed the left column of the army, and marched by 
way of Decatur and Stone Mountain. 

We left Atlanta in flames. It was the avowed pur- 
pose to burn all those buildings that could render the 
place valuable in a military point of view, should the 
enemy reoccupy it. In doing this, many other build- 
ings were burned, and more than half of the city was 
left in ruins. 

Nearly a whole day was occupied in moving the 
corps, with its trains, out upon the road ; and the first 
night out, our division marched all night. Tha night was 
bitterly cold, and was a severe introduction to the cam- 
paign. The next day we moved on past Stone Moun- 
tain, crossed Indian and Snap-finger Creeks, and the 
Yellow River, stopping for the night at Roxbridge. 
Thence our course lay down the Yellow River. On the 
17th, we reached the village of Sheffield. On the 18th, 
our column passed through Social Circle, where the 
Third division halted, and went to work destroying the 
railroad. A rebel train was just leaving the town as 
our advance entered it. The corps destroyed the road 
as far as Rutledge, and camped for the night at Stal- 
ling's Station. 

Early the next morning, our brigade was ordered 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 155 

out on a reconnoisance to Madison, only five miles 
distant. We moved before daylight; but Geary, with 
his usual get-a-head-ativeness, occupied the town before 
we arrived. We stopped in Madison, and awaited the 
arrival of the other brigades of our division, which 
came forward in the afternoon. 

This was the most beautiful village we had seen in 
in the South. Here the wealthy planters of this fine 
agricultural district had built their homes; and there 
were such evidences of taste and wealth and culture, 
such beauty of landscape gardening, such charming 
parks and hedges of evergreen, and wealth of cluster- 
ing flowers, as we had seen no where else. 

Our division destroyed the railroad at this place, as 
also the depot and cotton warehouses^ and the cala- 
boose, with its whipping stocks, where the erring slaves 
of the town were publicly whipped every morning at 
nine o'clock. Gen. Geary, with his division, moved on 
down the railroad to Greensboro', while the First and 
Third divisions turned to the right and moved on Mil- 
ledgeville. 

The negroes are very numerous in this section of the 
State. They were overjoyed at the coming of our 
army, and hundreds from this one neighborhood seized 
the opportunity to escape to freedom. After leaving 
Madison we passed through a fine agricultural district, 
where there was abundance of cotton stored, which our 
army destroyed, and where we witnessed the workings 
of the plantation system of negro slavery^ without being 
charmed with either the humanity or chivalric element 
of Southern civilization. We were compelled to allow 



156 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

that all the taste and culture and wealth that beautified 
the homes and enriched the lives of the masters was 
most dearly bought at the price here paid for it, for we 
observed that where one was made better and happier 
by this system of civilization, so called, there were a 
score debased and degraded almost to the level of the 
brute. We could not resist the conviction that a civ- 
ilization in which a score of lives are impoverished and 
embittered, are blasted and debased and damned, in 
order that one life may be made sweeter, is a system of 
"vvrong that no language can properly condemn. 

We encamped the first night only four miles from 
Madison, and the next day reached the vicinity of 
Eatonton. This is the terminus of an arm of railroad 
running from Gordon Junction, on the Georgia Cen- 
tral road, through Milledgeville. At Eatonton the 
calaboose and whipping stocks were burned, and the 
negroes fairly danced to see them in flames. Great 
numbers of negroes followed us as we marched along- 
They were generally under the impression that the year 
of jubilee had come. Many were ignorant and de- 
graded as brutes almost ; but some were intelligent, and 
seemed to understand the " situation " as well as we 
did. The country abounded in all kinds of forage (we 
call every thing forage now), and large numbers of 
mules and horses are being collected in this fine agri- 
cultural section, to replace the poor and worn-out ani- 
mals in our trains. The foragers are also allowed to 
procure animals to ride, and thousands are captured for 
that purpose. Cattle, sheep, hogs, turkeys and chick- 
ens are abundant. 8weet potatoes, yams, corn-meal, 



I 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 157 

flour, rice, sugar, m classes, bacon and honey are plen- 
tiful, and we are utterly indiiferent concerning hard- 
tack. 

November 21st we camped on Little River, only ten 
miles from Milledgeville. The next day we crossed 
the river on a pontoon, and moved on the capital, which 
we entered with " music and banners," and without 
opposition. As we closed in on the city we could see 
a long dark column of smoke on our right, and we knew 
it was the Fourteenth corps coming in from Covington, 
darkening the heavens with the smoke of burning cot- 
ton as they came, while on our left was yet another 
column of pitchy smoke, and we said, "It is Geary 
coming in from Greensboro'." Our division passed 
through the city and went into camp. After dark the 
Seventy-third Ohio was sent to a position south of the 
city, to guard a bridge across the Oconee River. This 
brought us into a pleasant neighborhood, near the 
Oglethorpe University, where there were many fine 
suburban residences, and landscape and garden beauty 
almost equal to Madison. There being no other troops 
in this neighborhood, the Seventy-third fared sump- 
tuously, being treated very kindly by the citizens. Ko 
damage was done to Milledgeville, save the burning of 
the penitentiary, the depot and the arsenal. In the 
latter there were considerable stores, and among them 
thousands of short swords, or cutlasses, and pikes — 
the latter somewhat after the John Brown pattern. 
These we understood were kept to put down insurrec- 
tions of slaves. The convicts in the penitentiary (one 
hundred and fifty in number) had been turned loose, 



158 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

upon the simple promise that they would join the rebel 
army, and the legislature and governor had double- 
quicked for home two days before we reached the place. 
We rested at Milledgeville nearly the whole of two days. 
The Fourteenth corps passed through the capital and 
crossed our path, thus becoming the left column of the 
army. The right wing, after menacing Macon, had 
moved on down the Georgia Central road. Gen. How- 
ard was here, however, to consult with Gen. Sherman. 

On the afternoon of I^ovember 24th, the Twentieth 
corps left Milledgeville, and that night our division 
again marched all night, our path lighted with burning 
fences, cotton gins, etc. The next day we marched 
through a fine cotton and grain country, and our col- 
umn was stopped by the burning of a long bridge across 
Buffalo Creek, which was done by Wheeler to impede 
our march. 

November 26th our corps reached Sandersville, 
where we met the Fourteenth corps again. Our First 
and Second divisions pushed on to Power's Station, on 
the Georgia Central road, where they destroyed the 
track. Wheeler was now in our front with his cavalry, 
doing all he could to impede our march. He had just 
left Sandersville when our head of column reached the 
town. Our division moved on the next day with the 
trains of the whole corps, while the other divisions 
swept down the railroad to Davisboro', at which place 
we arrived at midnight. 

November 28th we reached the Ogechee River, oppo- 
site Louisville, where we found the bridge destroyed, 
and halted to await its repair. On the following day 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 159 

we crossed the Ogeechee and Comfort Creek, passed 
through Louisville, and camped a few miles beyond. 
Here we rested for a day, while the First and Third 
divisions, which had gone down the railroad from Da- 
visboro, to the Ogeechee River, finding the bridge de- 
stroyed, and being unable to cross, came up the river, 
crossed, and rejoined us near Louisville. Kilpatrick 
and Wheeler have a passage at arms some distance in 
our front. 

We are daily in receipt of newspapers of Augusta and 
Savannah, and of the rural districts, which our forasrers 
bring in ; and we laugh ourselves to tears sometimes 
at their ''Last ditch" literature. Half-scared to death, 
and yet boastful and defiant, they exhibit a rich com- 
bination of the coward and the braggart. Now they 
are having the people rise as one man ; they are burn- 
ing bridges, cutting timber across the roads, rendering 
swamps and streams impassable ; every tree shields a 
Confederate bushwhacker ; all the forage and subsis- 
tence is to be destroyed in Sherman's pathway, so that 
his hireling legions may starve ; and, according to the 
reports of these newspapers, defeat and disaster in a 
hundred forms stare us inevitably in the face. Still 
our column move on, with scarcely an interruption. 

Our march was like a grand pic-nic excursion, feast- 
ing upon the fat of the land by day, and sleeping 
sweetly and soundly at night, without fear of moles- 
tation. 

At noon, December 3d, our division halted for din- 
ner, near Camp Lawton, the rebel stockade prison, four 
miles from Millen. We had an opportunity of visiting 



160 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

this prison camp, and examining its "Gopher holes," 
and dirt houses, its "dead line," its "stocks" for the 
punishment of prisoners, etc., etc. The stockade was 
made of pine logs, twenty-two feet long and fifteen 
inches in diameter, — the logs being set six feet in the 
ground. This stockade-wall inclosed an area of forty 
acres. Some five or six thousand prisoners had been 
confined here until within the last ten days ; when, 
hearing of Sherman's advance, they were removed 
farther south. 

We found two Union soldiers inside the stockade, lying 
on the bare ground, without bed or covering, and almost 
without clothing — dead. And nine hundred graves 
near the prison, told how our men had suffered during 
the few weeks they had been confined here. Yet, this 
is the land of the boasting chivalry ; and these are the 
deeds of the proud sons of Huguenots. 

Here, near Millen, we crossed the Augusta and Sa- 
vannah railroad. One of our brigades went to work, 
destroying the road, while the others moved on with 
the trains. Two divisions of the Fourteenth corps cut 
the road farther up, near Waynesboro'. 

We are now fifty miles from Augusta, and seventy 
from Savannah by rail ; and have thoroughly destroyed 
the road between the two cities. The left wing — Ar- 
my of Georgia — now pushed straight on toward the 
Charleston and Savannah railroad and the Savannah 
River ; while the right wing, turning to the right, 
marched down the Ogeechee River. December 5th, 
the march of our column was interrupted by a running 
skirmish, between our advance and the rebel cavalry. 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INEANTRY. IGl 

"We have now left the cotton and corn districts of 
Georgia, and entered the ^'Piuey Woods." There is 
little tilled or tillable land, and consequently but little 
forage. For sixty miles, we have an almost unbroken 
pine forest, a low, flat, sandy country, with here and 
there the hut and sweet-potato-patch of a pinelander. 
Every day we could hear the sound of cannon at the 
head of the right-wing columns, as they swept down 
the Ogeechee. Our corps passed Sylvania and Spring- 
field, while the Fourteenth pushed forward on our left, 
and struck the Savannah River near where it is crossed 
by the Charleston and Savannah Railroad. Here they 
skirmished heavily with the enemy, and the cannon 
thundered on our left as well as on our right, as the 
four columns of the grand army closed-in on the city 
of Savannah. 



IN FRONT OE SAVANNAH. 

December 9th, our First division leading the corps en- 
countered three hundred rebels in a fort, thirteen miles 
from Savannah, and commanding the road on which our 
column was advancing. After a sharp skirmish, the 
fort was capturad, the enemy retiring toward the city. 

Early on the morning of the 10th, our corps pushed 
forward, leaving the trains behind, we struck the 
Charleston and Savannah Railroad, at Monteith, only 
ten miles from the city. Then turning south, we 
moved on Savannah, tearing up the railroad as we went. 
Heavily and rapidly thundered the cannon in our right 



102 JOURNAL-IITSTOKY OF THE 

front, as the Seventeenth corps closed-in on the de- 
fenses of the city ; and sharper grew the skirmish of 
small arms, which now came nearer and nearer until 
our own skirmishers engaged those of the enemy in a 
warm interchange of compliments, and the shot and 
shell beojan to thunder and scream, and ricochette alonor 
our own front. The rebel skirmishers were steadily 
borne back, until they finally retired behind their last 
and only line of works in front of Savannah. This line 
was three miles from the city; and between it and our 
corps-lines, there ran, or rather stagnated, a body of 
water, from one to three hundred yards wide, — half 
swamp and half canal, — which was fed from the Ogee- 
chee Canal, above the city ; and was, at one time, in- 
tended for flooding the country for rice. The water 
was now from three to six feet deep ; and in case of 
rain, would so overspread the country, as to render it, 
for some distance, untenable for an army. 

December 11th, the Seventeenth corps moved to the 
right, and the Fourteenth came in on our right, occu- 
pying from the Charleston Railroad to the Ogeechee 
canal ; while the Twentieth reached from the railroad 
to the Savannah River. Our line is formed, breast- 
works built, and our skirmishers pushed forward to 
within rifle-range of the enemy's main line ; then our 
troops go into camp, in rear of their works, and await 
events. 

On the 13th, Fort McCallister, commanding the 
Ogeechee River, was taken by Hazen's division of the 
Fifteenth corps. Communications are now opened be- 
tween Gens. Sherman and Foster, and we have a base 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 1G3 

for our "cracker line" again. This was most timely 
good fortune ; for we had already exhausted what sup- 
plies we had brought from Atlanta or gathered in Cen- 
tral Georgia; and, since the piney woods and cypress 
swamps of this section of the state afforded no forage, 
in a few days our army would have been suffering for 
food. As it was, our men were reduced to a gill of 
rice per day, with a very little Georgia beef which was 
of such bad quality that many would not eat it. 

Our first rations were received via the Ogeechee 
River, on the 19th, and found our men growing very 
weak, as they had lived, for six days, on their gill of 
rice per day, and having nothing but swamp-water to 
drink, the change to coffee and crackers was most 
welcome indeed. 

On the 17th, twenty tons of mail were distributed to 
Sherman's army. How glad we were to get letters 
from home ! and newspapers also, telling us that Abra- 
ham Lincoln is re-elected President. So the people — 
the loyal millions — stand by the President, and the 
army, and the country. To them the war is not '' a 
failure," and this is their verdict : that the nation shall 
be saved. 

On the 17th, Gen. Sherman sent in a flag of truce, 
demanding the surrender of the city. Gen. Hardee, 
on the 18th, returned a reply, refusing to surrender, 
and Gen. Sherman at once determined to assault. 
Commanders of brigades and regiments were ordered 
to reconnoitre the ground in their respective fronts, 
and then to cut roads through the underbrush, so that 
the whole line could move forward simultaneously. 



1^4 JOURNAL -HISTORY OF THE 

Preparations were made to assault on the morning of 
the 21st, at daylight. The enemy had three batteries 
in front of our corps, and their line of works ran at 
water's edge on the farther side of the canal. Under 
the circumstances it seemed a desperate undertaking to 
assault, for we knew that in front of our division no 
man could cross the canal with dry cartridges, and with 
a reliable line of battle behind the rebel works, no man 
of a single line could cross the canal alive. It was with 
no little foreboding we lay down to rest on the night of 
the 20th, and our worst anticipations of costly work 
seemed about to be realized when we were awakened in 
the morning with the order to " Fall in, and be prepared 
to move on the enemy's works immediately." In a few 
minutes we were in line, ready for the last charge for 
Savannah. Solemn and silent were our battalions while 
they awaited the order to advance, and while thus wait- 
ing, a staff officer announced that the enemy had evac- 
uated the city. 



SAVANNAH SURRENDERED. 

We had heard their cannon at midnight, and did not 
dream of their evacuation of the place, but at daylight 
Geary was in the city, and Savannah had surrendered. 
By this surrender one hundred and fifty cannon and 
large quantities of cotton and other contraband stores 
fell into loyal hands, and a base was gained upon the 
coast that must prove invaluable in the farther progress 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 165 

of the war. And now the army grouped in and around 
Savannah for another rest. Our brigade encamped a 
mile above the city, near the river bank, and by Christ- 
mas day we are very comfortable in our new home. 
Thus ended successfully one of the most daring and 
masterly military campaigns in all history. An army 
of seventy thousand men had destroyed its own com- 
munications for a hundred miles to its rear — had marched 
out of its fortified position, and away through the very 
heart of the enemy's country, three hundred miles, to 
its farther border — marching leisurely, as if they had 
been on a pleasure trip, and had there established anew 
base, compelling the surrender of one of the principal 
commercial cities of the country ; and all this had been 
accomplished with scarcely a skirmish or an interrup- 
tion. Well was it proven that the Confederacy was ^' a 
shell " — that, though strong in agricultural resources 
and the labor of its slaves, its men were exhausted 
And now the Confederacy had been virtually severed 
by the war-path of the victorious Sherman, whose 
sweeping columns had destroyed two hundred miles of 
railroad, burned many millions worth of cotton, and 
made four black belts across the State of Georgia. 

December 27th, Ward's division was ordered across 
the Savannah River to gain a foothold on South Caro- 
lina soil. The movement was delayed, however, and 
three days later the old Twentieth corps passed in re- 
view before the great raider in the streets of Savannah. 

On the 31st we crossed the river to Hutchinson's 
Island, but failing to get across the farther stream to 
the main land, marched back again to our old camp, 



166 JOURNAL-HISTORY OP THE 

which we now found occupied by other troops. By 
permission our regiment occupied a camp built by the 
Thirteenth New Jersey, and here spent our New Year's 
holiday. And, looking back over the closing year, 
what an eventful drama was presented in the campaign 
of Atlanta, and Sherman's grand march to the sea! 
The mighty sweep of Sherman's columns had crowned 
the triumphs of the year, while Sheridan and Thomas 
had also been signally successful. Hood was now 
flying with the remnants of his shattered army before 
the victorious legions of the Cumberland. Our hearts 
were filled with joy and pride by the victories of our 
old comrades, as across the Confederacy we seemed to 
hear the boom of their conquering cannon and the 
shout of their victorious charge. Breckinridge had 
been driven back toward Lynchburg by Stoneman, and 
Sheridan had fairly driven Early from the valley of 
Virginia, while Grant— still fighting on '' that line "— 
grappled and held his able antagonist at Richmond with 
a purpose and tenacity scarcely less significant than 
accomplished victory. Surely the beginning of the end 
is at hand. The sands of the " C. S. A." are well nigh 
run. Victory, complete and overwhelming, shall yet 
and soon be ours ! Thank God our labors and sacri- 
fices shall not be vain ! 

The third year of our regimental history was now 
completed, and those men of the original regiment who 
had not re-enlisted as veterans, and those officers who 
had not been remustered since the reorganization of the 
regiment, were now mustered out of the service. This 
muster-out included four officers and eighty-five men — 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 167 

forty-two of the number being present with the regi- 
ment. These were nearly all men who had been ab- 
sent, sick or wounded, at the time of the veteran re- 
enlistment. This reduction of our numbers left us 
fewer men than we had ever before had upon our rolls. 



IN THE PALMETTO STATE. 

On the 2d day of January, 1865, Ward's division 
again moved across the river to Hutchinson's Island, 
but the pontoon bridge being incompleted, we could not 
reach the South Carolina main land ; so we returned to 
the wharf at Savannah, and taking a steamer, soon 
doubled the point of the island and landed in the rice 
fields on the Carolina shore. Here we remained two 
days, and then moved out six miles from the river, to 
a' position where there was an abandoned fort, built in 
the earliest days of the war, and called Fort Hardee. 
Here again the division went into camp. Preparations 
were now hurried forward for a new campaign through 
the Carolinas. Gen. Howard, with the Seventeenth 
corps, steamed around to Beaufort, and the whole of 
Sherman's army was made ready for a movement north- 
ward. 

January 16th, Brevet Brig. Gen. Coggswell, Colonel 
of the Second Massachusetts Volunteers, was assigned 
to the command of our brigade. ^ 



168 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 

On the 17th of January, Ward's division broke camp 
and marched to Hardeeville, a village on the Charleston 
and Savannah Railroad. The whole army was to be 
put in motion at once, but heavy rains set in, and the 
low, sandy country was soon rendered impassable for 
artillery and trains : hence the movement was delayed. 
January 29th. The rains have abated somewhat, 
and the army is in motion. The First and Third divis- 
ions of our corps move to Robertsville. Geary's di- 
vision and the Fourteenth corps come up the right bank 
of the Savannah River, cross at Sister's Ferry, and 
join our column. 

February 2d, we reach Lawtonville, and skirmish 
heavily with the enemy's cavalry. 

February 4th, we are at Allendale, and open commu- 
nication with the right wing, coming up from Poco- 
taligo. Our head of column skirmished w^ith the enemy 
at the crossings of the Big and Little Salkehatchie 
Rivers, and on the 7th we reached the Charleston and 
Augusta Railroad, which we immediately commenced 
destroying. 

Like as in Georgia, we were ordered to " live upon 
the country," and forage of all kinds was gathered in, 
though not so plentifully as in Georgia. The citizens 
were in great consternation. They had come to be- 
lieve that Sherman could go any where he wished, or 
do any thing he undertook, and considering themselves 
at his mercy, they flung their white flags to the breeze 
at almost every house. It was amusing to observe 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 169 

these bold, defiant, last-ditch, fire-eating South Caro- 
linians, as our army marched through and left its foot- 
prints in the sands of their proud Palmetto State. They 
were as harmless as babes. Indeed, we saw more white 
flags in South Carolina in a single day, than we had 
seen in Virginia in a whole year. The left wing of the 
army tore up and destroyed about thirty miles of the 
C. & A. R. R., burning the ties and twisting the rails 
into what the boys called ^' Lincoln gimlets." Then 
our column resumed its march on Columbia. 

February 11th, Kilpatrick has a slight engagement 
with Cheatem's division of rebel infantry, some fifteen 
miles out upon our left. We cross the Edisto and North 
Edisto Rivers, and close in upon the capital of the State. 
The rebel cavalry are in our front, and almost constant 
skirmishing is going on. 

February 16th, our whole army appeared in front of 
Columbia. A few shells were thrown into the city, but 
elicited no reply. The place had been evacuated the 
day before. The city in which the rebellion was 
born — the proud "capital of the proud State of South 
Carolina — surrendered to the hated '' Yankee " without 
firing a gun. " Let it be recorded." The right wing 
now laid their pontoons and crossed the river to the 
city, while the left moved a few miles up, above the 
junction of the Saluda and Broad Rivers — crossed those 
streams, and taking a northeasterly direction, arrived 
at Winnsboro' on the 20th, and two days later crossed 
the Catawba. We had now several days of rain, and 
the trains were scarcely able to move. Many miles of 
corduroy were built, and finally we had to halt for the 
14 



170 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

trains and the Fourteenth corps to come forward. We 
encamped on the old battle-ground at Hanging Rock, 
on Little Lynch Creek, and remained here till the 27th, 
when the column again moved on. The enemy have 
evacuated Cliarleston, and Gen. Hardee is concentrating 
all his forces in our front. At Cheraw we crossed the 
Great Pedee River into North Carolina. We had now 
marched through the entire State of South Carolina, 
from the point of her peninsula near Savannah, to the 
northeastern corner at Cheraw, and yet the chivalrous 
sons of the proud Palmetto State had not once offered 
us battle. Our route now lay through a heavily tim- 
bered country — an almost unbroken pine forest-^— where 
turpentine and rosin are the principal productions. 
Burning pitch and rosin blackened the heavens with 
their smoke as our column moved along. Orders were 
issued that the greatest possible lenity should be shown 
to the citizens of North Carolina, because of their long 
continued devotion to the old government at the com- 
mencement of the war, and also on account of their 
oft-repeated and now earnest demand that the war 
should cease. 

On the 11th of March our columns reached Fayette- 
ville, on the Cape Fear River — next after Wilmington, 
the most important town in the State. Wilmington had 
surrendered to Gen. Terry, and a steamer arrived from 
that city. This was our first communication with the 
outside world since cutting loose from our base at Sa- 
vannah. Our corps crossed the Cape Fear on the 
12th, and on the following day, while the army was 
resting, our brigade made a reconnoisance to Black 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 171 

River, the crossing of which we found held by a con- 
siderable force of rebel cavalry. After a lively 
skirmish the brigade retired, and that night rejoined 
the corps. 

The enemy is now in our front in force, and though 
retiring slowly, is yet doggedly disputing our advance. 
Gen. Sherman now ordered the right wing and one di- 
vision of the left to move, with all the heavy trains, 
east of Black River, and in the direction of Goldsboro', 
while two divisions of the Fourteenth and two of the 
Twentieth corps, with light trains, move up the Cape 
Fear and bear off toward Raleigh. This was, doubt- 
less, to divert the enemy toward the State capital, while 
our trains and main army moved on safely to Golds- 
boro', where a junction was to be made with the forces 
of Gen. Terry coming from Wilmington, and Schofield 
from Newbern. Our column of four divisions started 
on the 15th, Gen. Kilpatrick's cavalry accompanying 
and covering the advance. 



BATTLE OF AVERYSBORO . 

Early on the morning of March 16th, Kilpatrick, 
supported by a brigade of infantry, skirmished heavily 
with the enemy, and it was soon known that Gen. 
Hardee was in our front, determined to dispute our 
advance, or at least to retard it so as to cover the re- 
treat of his trains and artillery, which were compelled 
to move slowly on account of the condition of the roads. 



172 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

The Third division of the Twentieth corps arrived on the 
field about nine o'clock, and found a portion of the First 
division and Kilpatrick's cavalry warmly engaging the 
foe. Our division was at once moved to the front. 
The skirmish line was made almost as strong as a line 
of battle. Soon our brigade was deployed near the 
center of the line and pushed close upon the enemy. 
The firing both of small arms and artillery grew heavier 
as the day advanced, and our line pressed forward. 
About noon we charged and drove them from their first 
line of works, where they left quite a number of their 
dead and wounded. Back through the woods they 
"were steadily driven, but they disputed every inch of 
ground wdth a costly heroism. , 

During the afternoon the First brigade of our di- 
vision charged and captured a section of artillery on 
our left, while on the right, the First division charged 
them front and flank, driving them back on their third 
and main line of works. Our line pressed forward, 
keeping up a heavy fire. We waded a swamp, knee- 
deep with water and a hundred yards wide, and pushed 
right up to within a hundred and fifty paces of the rebel 
works. Finding how costly it would be to go farther, 
or even to remain here, the line was withdrawn a short 
distance and temporary works built. Here we rested 
for the night. A lively fire was maintained on the 
skirmish lines until about midnight, when the enemy 
retired. They retreated through Averysboro', in the 
direction of Smithfield. The loss of our brigade in 
this engagement was one hundred and eighteen men. 
The two divisions of the Twentieth corps lost six hun- 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 173 

dred, killed and wounded. In the Seventy-third Ohio 
there were fifteen men wounded. Here we had fought 
Hardee's corps of fifteen thousand to twenty thousand 
men. The rebel Gen. Johnston had been assigned to 
command all the forces in our front, and was concen- 
trating them so as to give us battle. 

Two divisions of our column now moved on to Ave- 
rysboro'; while the other two, with the trains, turned 
to the right and crossed Black River, some miles south 
of Averysboro'. 

We remained at Averysboro' for a night, and then 
moved down to the Black River bridge, and followed 
the advance divisions. The roads were almost impas- 
sable. Our brigade marched all night, as a guard to 
the trains, and accomplished only two miles in eight 
hours. 



BATTLE OF BENTONVILLE. 

On Sunday, March 19th, the two divisions of the 
Fourteenth corps held the advance, while the Twen- 
tieth corps divisions guarded the trains and covered 
the rear. Our column had changed direction, and was 
now moving toward Goldsboro'. About noon, orders 
were received to hurry forward the infantry, without 
regard to the trains ; and soon the sound of cannon, a 
few miles in our front, told of the enemy's presence and 
purpose. It was two o'clock when we reached the high 
open grounds overlooking the field where the battle was 
going on. The whole of the other three divisions were 



174 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

engaged, and ours was brought forward as a reserve. 
The troops of the Fourteenth corps had skirmished 
with the enemy at the skirt of a woods, and had 
driven them a mile or more, when suddenly they came 
upon Johnston's whole army, formed for battle across 
our line of march. The enemy had welcomed them 
cordially, and, with large forces, had promptly turned 
both their flanks. When, finding themselves almost 
surrounded, they retreated rapidly and in some confu- 
sion, but only thus saving themselves from being sur- 
rounded and overwhelmed. They retreated to the skirt 
of the wood, where they first met the foe, and being 
joined by the First division of the Twentieth, had here 
made a successful stand. 

The high ground in rear of the line now formed, was 
a fine position for artillery ; and by the time the enemy 
advanced his main force against ours, temporary breast- 
works of logs and rails had been constructed. 

The generals seemed very uneasy when we arrived. 
The enemy had been checked, but the situation was yet 
very critical. 

Our division was massed, and awaited the events of 
the struggle. The battle raged along the line, with great 
earnestness ; charge after charge was made against our 
line, and repelled ; and the hope grew stronger that 
our forces would be able to stand against the enemy's 
greatly superior numbers. 

Our four divisions numbered not more than fifteen 
thousand men, while Johnston had thirty-five or forty 
thousand in our front. Still, many of his men had not 
seen service, while ours were nearly all veterans. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 175 

Morgan's division of the Fourteenth corps had taken 
position well out upon the right, and -with his right 
thrown well forward. An interval of a fourth of a mile 
occurred between his left and the right of Jackson's 
division of the Twentieth. Late in the afternoon, Cogs- 
well's brigade was ordered to occupy this interval, and 
at once moved to the right, and forward. 

The brigade was formed in two lines ; three regi- 
ments in the first, two in the second. We passed 
through the interval between the tw^o divisions, and 
pushed on out into the woods. Suddenly we came 
upon a rebel brigade marching in column of battalions 
in line, evidently moving into this interval, to charge 
the flank of Morgan's division. In passing around a 
swamp, the leading rebel battalion had gained consid- 
erable distance, and obliquely right into the interval 
thus formed : the right of our brigade found itself 
marching. It was in a woods thick with underbrush, 
and the situation was at first scarcely apparent. And 
so astounded were the two forces and their command- 
ers, that not a shot was fired. 

Nearly the whole of the advance rebel regiment was 
cut off, and surrendered as prisoners ; while, without 
firing a shot, the rest of the brigade rapidly retreated. 

Our brigade was halted, and withdrawn a hundred 
paces, until communication could be opened with Gen. 
Morgan, on our right and right rear. An understand- 
ing was now had with that commander, that our brigade 
would charge the enemy in its front, while his division 
would charge them on the flank at the same time. Ac- 
cordingly, after waiting for the completion of all ar- 



176 JOURNAL- HISTORY OP THE 

rangements, the brigade was ordered forward. We 
had not gone more than two hundred yards, when the 
enemy's skirmishers opened fire, which was rapidly 
followed by murderous volleys from their entire line of 
battle. We answered their fire, and laid down, shelter- 
ing ourselves as well as possible. The thick under- 
brush prevented the combattants from seeing each 
other, though the lines were very close. 

Fortunately, their position was a little above our 
own, and their fire mainly went over us. Thus lying 
upon the ground, our front line, with the Seventy-third 
Ohio in the center, continued to deliver and receive a 
constant and telling fire, until our sixty rounds of am- 
. munition were exhausted, and more was brought from 
the rear. 

Just at sunset, the enemy was reinforced with a fresh 
line of battle ; and from their double line now came 
such a storm of bullets as we had never before wit- 
nessed. So terrible and withering was this fire of small 
arms, that, had our battalions stood up, they must have 
been utterly annihilated. And thus on until darkness 
et in, the air was thick with hissing bullets. 
Gen. Morgan did not charge, nor even engage the 
rebel flank. After dark, the firing ceased on both 
sides. Our brigade was withdrawn a little, and at once 
constructed a line of works. 

The fighting along the center was also quite earnest 
during the afternoon. But the combined fire of our 
artillery and infantry drove back the assailants, and 
our position was maintained. 

During the night, the enemy fell back on his main 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. REGIMENT. 177 

line of works, leaving many of his dead upon the field. 
The loss of the Seventy-third Ohio, in this engagement, 
was five men killed, and four ofiicers and twenty-one 
men wounded. 

On the next morning, our brigade was relieved, and 
at once rejoined the division. The Fifteenth and Sev- 
enteenth corps are coming in ; and thus strengthened, 
we are in no danger of disaster. 

During the afternoon, Ward's division moved to the 
left, and built defenses. 

There has been only slight skirmishing to-day. The 
enemy, however, are reaching out to their right, and it 
is evident the battle is ended, unless Sherman assumes 
the offensive, which he will not do so far from any 
base. 

On the 21st, our corps marched to the right several 
miles, and took another road toward Goldsboro'. The 
next day we marched to Cox's bridge, on the Neuse 
River. The head of Gen. Terry's column has already 
reached the bridge, and the road to Goldsboro' is open 
before us. 

March 23d, we moved on to Goldsboro', which place 
had been occupied several days by Gen. Schofield's 
troops. 



AT goldsboro'. 

Sherman's army now grouped around the town of 

Goldsboro', with the promise of a few weeks of rest, 

after the long and arduous campaign of the Carolinas; 

and orders were issued to hurry forward supplies, so 

15 



178 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

that our army would be ready for another, and we 
hoped, a final campaign. Our camp was about a mile 
from the town ; and, in the charming weather of early 
spring, we were soon quite happy in our new Carolina 
homes. 

With the force of Terry and Schofield added to his 
army proper, there was little doubt of Gen. Sherman's 
ability to move from Goldsboro' successfully against 
the foe ; and, in concert with the army before Peters- 
burg and Richmond, to strike a blow- that should end 
the war. We were all looking forward to such an 
united campaign, when the glad news of the defeat of 
Lee's army and the capture of Richmond came to us. 

As the news of this great victory went through the 
camps of our army, a hundred thousand hearts leaped 
with gladness, and a hundred thousand voices shouted 
for joy. And when, with the official news, came the 
order from Grant to Sherman — "Push Johnston, and 
let us finish the work at once," — the army was ready 
and eager to obey the command. 



ADVANCE ON RALEIGH. 



Johnston was between Goldsboro' and Raleigh, guard- 
ing the Capital, with about thirty-five thousand men. 

On the 10th of April, Sherman's columns moved 
from Goldsboro' in the direction of the enemy ; and, 
at a swamp about ten miles out, the head of our left 
wing column was confronted by Wade Hampton's cav- 
alry, and was delayed some hours. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 179 

The next day, we moved on to Smithfield. The 
enemy had retired, upon hearing of our advance. 

The next morning, while moving through the town, 
the news came to us of the surrender of Lee's army. 
Then we knew that the war was virtually ended, and 
that our campaign must be short. We crossed the 
Neuse River at Smithfield, and pushed on toward 
Raleigh. 

On the morning of the 13th, our forces entered the 
city, without opposition,— the enemy having fallen 
back toward Greensboro'. 

April 18th, Johnston has proposed to surrender his 
army, and the agreement has been sent to Washington 
for ratification. Then comes to us the sad news of 
President Lincoln's assassination, and the whole army 
is moved with a deep feeling of sadness and indigna- 
tion. 

On the 22d, the Twentieth corps was reviewed by 
Gen. Sherman in the streets of Raleigh. Gen. Grant 
arrived with the President's rejection of the Sherman- 
Johnston treaty, and on the 25th our army again moved 
against the enemy. Our corps marched ten miles on 
the road to Holly Springs, and halted, while Grant and 
Sherman held a conference with the rebel commander, 
which resulted in the surrender of Johnston's entire 
army. 

On the 28th, we marched back to Raleigh and occu- 
pied our old camps. The war was over— our work was 
done. The rebellion was crushed. The nation was 
saved. No words could tell our gladness at the final 
accomplishment of this great work, nor our deep sense 



180 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

of relief when we fully realized that we had fought our 
last battle, and that soon we should return to the en- 
joyment of quiet life and peaceful days at home. 



THE MARCH TO WASHINGTON. 

On the 30th of April, the army started on the long 
but peaceful march to Washington. Every step was 
light, and every heart beat quick at the thought of 
going home. It was such a march as we had never 
before performed. No picket duty — no danger. Pleas- 
ant marches by day and undisturbed rest by night. 
Constant change of scenery and free converse with 
citizens and returned rebel soldiers, made the march 
interesting as well as novel. 

May 8th, we reached the vicinity of Richmond, where 
we rested three days. Gen. Meade's army had nearly 
all preceded our own in the northward march, and it 
was understood that the two great armies of Meade and 
Sherman were to be reviewed at Washington and then 
disbanded. \ 

On the 11th we resumed our march, passing through ^ 
the late rebel capital. Libby Prison and Castle Thun-| 
der had lost all their terrors, and Richmond itself f 
seemed an unimportant place. As we moved north- j 
ward the ground was all historic. Every stream had i 
its story of battle. At Spottsylvania the shallow 
graves and bleaching bones of our heroic dead, and the 
wrecks of battle every where to be seen, told how ter 
rible had been the strife. At Chancellorsville we en- 

Ij 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 181 

tered upon our old war-paths again, and henceforward 
every spot Avas familiar to the Seventy-third Ohio. 

May 19th, w^e reached the vicinity of Alexandria and 
went into camp. 



THE GREAT REVIEW. 

Orders were now issued for the review of the two 
great armies. One hundred and fifty thousand return- 
ing veterans were to pass in review before the Presi- 
dent and Gen. Grant — were to be welcomed by the 
President and the people in the capital of the nation 
they had helped to save. 

On the 23d of May, occurred the review of Sheri- 
dan's cavalry .and of the Potomac army, and on the fol- 
lowing day Sherman's grand army passed in review 
through the capital. This was, doubtless, the most 
magnificent pageant ever w^itnessed in America. Yis- 
itors were gathered here by tens of thousands, from the 
East and the West. Pennsylvania Avenue, for the 
space of nearly three miles, was one vast mass of peo- 
ple. Not less than a hundred and fifty thousand citi- 
zens were gathered here to welcome the armies to the 
capital. And with flags and mottoes, and wreaths and 
flowers, and the glad shouts of thousands all along the 
line of march, the returning veterans were welcomed 
back from the wars. 

After the review our brigade encamped three miles 
from the city, on the Baltimore Turnpike. The work 
of disbanding the organizations and mustering out the 
troops of these armies was at once begun. This mus- 



182 JOURNAL-IIISTOEY OF THE ] 

tering out, however, had to be done by classes, and the 
first orders did not include our own regiment. 



TRANSFER TO LOUISVILLE, KY. 

All the veteran regiments in the Twentieth corps 
were now formed into a Provisional Division, under 
Gen. Williams, and assigned to the command of Gen. 
Jeff. C. Davis, of the Fourteenth corps, and ordered to 
Louisville, Ky. The Seventy-third, Sixty-sixth, Fifty- 
fifth and Eighty-second Ohio regiments were brig- 
aded together, under command of Gen. Robinson, of 
Ohio. Our division arrived at Louisville on the 15th 
of June, and had a pleasant encampment four miles out 
on the Bardstown Turnpike. 



MUSTERED OUT. 

Finally came orders for our muster out of service — 
orders most gladly received by officers and men alike. 

On the 20th of July, our rolls were completed, and 
we were formally mustered out of the service of the 
United States. The regiment started at once for Camp 
Dennison, Ohio, where, on the 24th of July, it was 
paid off and finally discharged. 



Thus, with only a private journal and an inaccurate 
personal memory from which to glean the material for 
a connected history of the regiment, we have followed 
it through all its campaigns and battles, and endeavored 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 183 

to present an honest and plain recital of the facts as 
they transpired in our regimental history. It is a story 
of labors and sufferings endured through a period of 
service of nearly four years, illustrating most worthily 
the patriotic virtues of the citizen soldier. It is a 
record of heroic deeds— ^deeds of which every member 
and frie»nd of the regiment will be ever justly proud. 
1^0 regiment in the public service did more arduous or 
honorable work, and few, if any, suffered more se- 
verely. During its period of service the regiment 
marched several thousand miles. It participated in 
twenty formidable engagements, several of which were 
among the most sanguinary battles of the war. It sus- 
tained a loss of one hundred and fifty-six men killed 
and died of wounds, five hundred and sixty-eight 
wounded in battle, and one hundred and twenty-nine 
men who died of disease. In every position where it 
Avas called to do or suffer, it made an honorable record. 
In its brigade, division and corps, it always sustained a 
high reputation for the gallantry of its officers and the 
heroism of its men. And now that the great struggle is 
ended triumphantly to the Union arms — now that peace 
and prosperity again rest upon the land — now that 
the nation is redeemed from the rule of wrong princi- 
ples and conscienceless men, the returned volunteer 
will be proud and grateful that he was permitted to 
bear a part in the great work of saving the Republic ; 
and while our country rises to a new and higher life, 
may the grass grow green on the graves of our heroic 
dead, and the virtues of a patriotic and Christian man- 
hood be cherished by the living ! 



ROSTER AND MILITARY HISTORIES 

OP THE 

FIELD, STAFF AND LINE OFFICERS 

IN THE 

OEIGINAL AND VETERAN ORGANIZATIONS 

OP THE 

SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 



FIELD AND STAFF OFFICERS. 

Brevet Brig. Gen. Samuel H. Hurst. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Oct. 9th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to Captain Co. ''A," Nov. 9th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to Major, June 21st, 1862. Promoted to 
Lieut. Col., June 27th, 1864. Commissioned 
Colonel, July 10th, 1864 — not mustered. Ap- 
pointed Colonel by Brevet, March 13th, 1865. 
Appointed Brig. Gen. by Brevet, with rank dating 
March 13th, 1865. Commanded the regiment one 
year and ten months. Served full term. 

Colonel Orland Smith. 

Appointed Colonel, Oct. 4th, 1861. Mustered as 
Lieut. Col., Nov. 26th, 1861. Organized the regi- 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 185 

ment. Mustered as Colonel, Dec. 30th, 1861. 
Commanded the regiment one year. Subse- 
quently commanded Second Brigade, Second Di- 
vision, Eleventh Army Corps. Resigned Feb. 17th, 
1864. 

Lieutenant Colonel Jacob Hyer. 

Appointed Lieut. Col., Oct. 4th, 1861. Mustered 
Dec. 30th, 1861. Resigned June 21st, 1862. 

Lieutenant Colonel Richard Long. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Oct. 4th, 1861. 
Promoted to First Lieutenant and appointed Ad- 
jutant, Nov. 26th, 1861. Promoted to Major, 
Dec. 20th, 1861. Promoted to Lieut. Col., June 
21st, 1862. Commissioned as Colonel, Feb. 17th, 
1864 — not mustered. Detached on Staff of Maj. 
Gen. Howard. Commanded the regiment ten 
months. Resigned June 27th, 1864. 

Brevet Lieutenant Colonel Thomas W. Higgins. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Oct. 13th, 1861. 
Promoted to Captain of Co. " B," Nov. 20th, 
1861. Promoted to Major,. June 27th, 1864. 
Commissioned Lieut. Col., July 10th, 1864 — not 
mustered. Appointed Lieut. Col. by Brevet, with 
rank dating March 13th, 1865. Served full term. 

Surgeon Jonas P. Safford. 

Appointed Surgeon, Oct. 24th, 1861. Dismissed by 
sentence of General Court-martial, Dec. 29th, 
1862. 



186 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Surgeon Isaac N. Himes. 

Appointed Assistant Surgeon, Oct. 26th, 1861. 
Promoted to Surgeon, March 1st, 1863. Mustered 
out at expiration of original term of the regi- 
ment, Dec. 29th, 1864. 

Surgeon John C. Preston. 

Appointed and mustered Assistant Surgeon, April 
8th, 1863. Promoted to Surgeon, April 9th, 1865. 
Mustered out with the regiment, July 20th, 1865. 

Chaplain Joseph J. Hill. 

Appointed Chaplain, May, 1862. Resigned ^ec. 

1862. 

Adjutant Frederick C. Smith. 

Commissioned as First Lieutenant and appointed j 
Adjutant, Dec. 26th, 1861. Died of fever, at ^ 
Weston, West Ya., April 15th, 1862. 

Adjutant John Spence. 

Enlisted Oct. 15th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, Nov. 16th, 1862. Promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant and appointed Adjutant, March 1st, 1863. 
Resigned March 16th, 1861. 

Adjutant John B. Smith. 

Enlisted Aug. 12th, 1862. Promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant and appointed Adjutant, June 1st, 1865. 

Mustered out with the regiment, July 20th, 

1865. 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 187 

Quartermaster William D. Wesson. 

Commissioned as First Lieutenant and appointed 
Quartermaster, Oct. 22d, 18G1. Appointed Com- 
missary of Subsistence, with the rank of Captain, 
July 17th, 1862. 

Quartermaster Robert M. Rodgers. 

Promoted, by request of Gen. Sigel, from the ranks 
of a Virginia regiment and commissioned by Gov. 
Tod, Nov. 20th, 1862. Detached on Gen. SigeFs 
Staff. Resigned Kov. 5th, 1863. 

Quartermaster William H. Eckman. 

Enlisted Dec. 23d, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant April 25th, 1863. Promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant, March 30th, 1864. Appointed Quarter- 
master, May 11th, 1864. Resigned, March 30th, 
1865. 

Quartermaster James Earl. 
Enlisted Oct. 16fch, 1861. Promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant and appointed Quartermaster, March 27th, 
1865. Served full term. 

Assistant Surgeon James Sigafoos. 

Appointed Sept., 1862. Resigned ITov., 1862. 

Assistant Surgeon William Richeson. 

Appointed March, 1863. Resigned June 27th, 1864. 

Assistant Surgeon Smith D. Steer. 

Appointed Feb. 1st, 1865. Mustered out with the 
Regiment, July 20th, 1865. 



188 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



LINE OFFICERS. 

Captain Thomas Lucas. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Oct. 9th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to Captain Co. "F," Nov. 20th, 1861. Com- 
missioned as Major, July 10th, 1864. Not mus- 
tered. Resigned, Sept. 11th, 1864. 

Captain SiLAS Irion. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Oct. 29th, 1861. 
Promoted to Captain Co. "G," Dec. 17th, 2861. 
Resigned, July 18th, 1863. 

Captain Edward H. Allen. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Oct. 9th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to Captain Co. " C," Dec. 30th, 1861. Re- 
signed, March 1st, 1863. 

Captain Lewis H. Burkett. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Oct. 9th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to Captain Co. -'I," Dec. 30th, 1861. Died 
at Alexandria, Va., Sept. 12th, 1862, of wounds 
received in second Bull Run battle, Aug. 30th, 
1862. 

Captain Thomas Beach. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Oct. 4th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to Captain Co. "D," Dec. 30th, 1861. Dis- 
charged by reason of physical disability, Dec. 24th, 
1862. 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 189 

Captain John V. Patton. 

Appointed First Lieutenant, Dec. 20th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to Captain Co. ^'K," Dec. 30th, 1861. Re- 
signed, March 9th, 1861. 

Captain Justus G. McSchooler. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, October, 1861. Pro- 
moted to Captain, Dec. 30th, 1861. Discharged 
by reason of physical disability, Dec. 24th, 1862. 

Captain John Earhart. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, October, 1861. Pro- 
moted to Captain, Dec. 30th, 1861. Resigned, 
April 17th, 1862. 

Captain Luther M. Bookwalter. 

Enlisted, Oct. 12th, 1861. Appointed First Lieuten- 
ant, Nov. 9th, 1861. Promoted to Captain, Aug. 
5th, 1862. Died, Oct. 29th, 1863, of wounds re- 
ceived in the midnight charge at Lookout Valley, 
Tennessee. 

Captain John D. Madeira. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Oct. 9th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant, Dec. 30th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to Captain, Aug. 6th, 1862. Mustered out, 
Dec. 29th, 1864, by reason of expiration of term 
of service. 

Captain James Q. Barnes. 

Enlisted, November, 1861. Appointed First Lieu- 
tenant, Dec. 30th, 1861. Promoted to Captain, 
Sept. 22d, 1862. Mustered out, Dec. 29th, 1864, 
by reason of expiration of term of service. 



190 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Captain George M. Doherty. 

Appointed First Lieutenant, Nov. 20th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to Captain, Jan. 1st, 1863. Died, July 13th, 
1863, of wounds received in battle at Gettysburg. 

Captain Archibald Lylrand. 

Appointed First Lieutenant, Dec. 30th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to Captain, Feb. 8th, 1863. Resigned, Oct. 
8th, 1864. 

Captain Benjamin F. Stone. 

Appointed First Lieutenant, Dec. 30th, 1861. Ap- 
pointed Adjutant, June 20th, 1862. Promoted to 
Captain, March 1st, 1863. Mustered out, Dec. 
29th, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of 
service. 

Captain Henry Hinson. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Nov. 20th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant, May 22d, 1862. Pro- 
moted to Captain, March 1st, 1864. Resigned, 
October 20th, 1864. 

Captain James S. McCommon. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Dec. 30th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant, July 20th, 1862. Pro- 
moted to Captain, March 28th, 1864. Discharged 
on account of wounds received in battle, at Kene- 
saw Mountain. 



^^ SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 191 

Captain Abisha Do^yning. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Dec. 30th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant, Sept. 22d, 1862. Pro- 
moted to Captain, March 29th, 1861. Commis- 
sioned as Major, July 18th, 1865. Not mustered. 
Served full term. 

Captain Presley T. Talbott. 

Enlisted, Oct. 15th, 1861. Appointed Captain, April 
18th, 1864. Eesigned, June 25th, 1865. 

Captain James C. McKell. 
Enlisted, October, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, April 15th, 1862. Promoted to First 
Lieutenant, Dec. 4th, 1862. Promoted to Cap- 
tain, April 18th, 1864. Resigned, Jan. 1st, 1865. 

Captain David P. Rennie. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Dec. 30th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant, Dec. 24th, 1862. Pro- 
moted to Captain, Sept. 20th, 1864. Served full 
term. 

Captain Samuel R. Peters. 

Enlisted, Oct. 19th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, March 1st, 1863. Promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant, and appointed Adjutant, March 28th, 1864. 
Promoted to Captain, Jan. 1st, 1865. Resigned, 
May 28th, 1865. 



192 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF TUB 

Captain William A. Pontius. 

Eiilisted, Oct. 26th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, April 18th, 1864. Promoted to First 
Lieutenant, June 18th, 1864. Promoted to Cap- 
tain, March 26th, 1865. Discharged, May 19th, 
1865, on account of wounds received in battle at 
Bentonville, North Carolina. 

Captain Samuel Ambrose. 
Enlisted, Oct. 15th, 1861. Appointed First Lieu- 
tenant, Sept. 23d, 1864. Promoted to Captain, 
March 28th, 1865. Served full term. 

Captain David A. Lamb. 

Enlisted, Oct. 12th, 1861. Appointed First Lieu- 
tenant, Sept. 24th, 1864. Promoted to Captain, 
March 28th, 1865. Resigned, June 30th, 1865. 

Captain William B. Davis. 

Enlisted, Nov. 12th, 1861. Appointed First Lieu- 
tenant, Oct. 28th, 1864. Promoted to Captain, 
March 28th, 1865. Served full term. 

Captain John W. Adams. 

Enlisted, Oct. 19th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, Nov. 16th, 1863. Promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant, April 14th, 1864. Promoted to Captain, 
April 9th, 1865. Resigned, May 30th, 1865. 

Captain Martin L. Buchwalter. 

Enlisted, Oct. 12th, 1861. Appointed First Lieu- 
tenant, Jan. 1st, 1865. Promoted to Captain, May | 
22d, 1865. Served full term. ■ 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 193 

Captain Albert II. Sanders. 

Enlisted, Nov. 5th, 1861. Appointed First Lieu- 
tenant, April 9th, 1865. Promoted to Captain, 
June 1st, 1865. Served full term. 

Captain John H. Martin. 

Enlisted, Oct. 15th, 1861. Appointed First Lieu- 
tenant, May 20th, 1864. Promoted to Captain, 
June 22d, 1865. Served full term. 

Captain AsA F. Couch. 

Enlisted, Oct. 15th, 1861. Appointed First Lieu- 
tenaijt, Jan. 4th, 1865. Promoted to Captain, 
June 25th, 1865. Served full term. 

First Lieutenant John I. Throckmorton. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Nov. 9th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant, Aug. 5th, 1862. Re- 
signed, Nov. 23d, 1862. 

First Lieutenant George Lauman. 

Appointed First Liestenant, Nov. 20th, 1861. Re- 
signed, May 22d, 1862. 

First Lieutenant James H. Dwyer. 

Appointed First Lieutenant, Dec. 18th, 1861. Re- 
signed, March 8th, 1862. 

First Lieutenant Thomas M. Gray. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Oct. 9th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant, Dec. 23d, 1861. Re- 
signed, March 19th, 1862. 

16 



194 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

First Lieutenant John F. Martin. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Oct. 23d, 1861. Pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant, March 18th, 1862. Re- 
signed, Dec. 24th, 1862. 

First Lieutenant J. W. I. Stevenson. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Oct. 3d, 1861. Pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant, Aug. 6th, 1862. Re- 
signed, Sept. 23d, 1862. 

First Lieutenant John Kinney. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Oct. 14th, 1861. Pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant, Dec. 30th, 1861. Re- 
signed, March 24th, 1864. 

First Lieutenant Samuel Fellers. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Dec. 13th, 1861. 
Promoted to First Lieutenant, March 8th, 1862. 
Resigned Aug. 17th, 1863. 

First Lieutenant David L. Greiner. 

Enlisted Nov. 11th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, March 8th, 1862. Promoted to First 
Lieutenant, Feb. 28th, 1863. Resigned June 22d, 
1863. 

First Lieutenant Joshua A. Davis. 

Enlisted Oct. 15th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, May 12th, 1862. Promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant, March 1st, 1864. Discharged on account 
of wounds received in battle at New Hope 
Church, Ga. 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 195 

First Lieutenant RuFus Hosler. 

Enlisted Oct. 26th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, Oct. 25th, 1862. Promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant, Dec. 23d, 1862. Discharged Kov., 1864, 
on account of wounds received in battle at Peach 
Tree Creek, Ga. 

First Lieutenant Horace S. Clark. 

Enlisted Nov. 19th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant Aug. 30th, 1862. Promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant, Dec. 24th, 1862. Discharged Oct. 23d, 
1863, on account of wounds received in battle at 
Gettysburg. 

Firs tLieutenant Joseph P. Talbott. 

Enlisted Oct. 15th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, Jan. 1st, 1863. Promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant, March 30th, 1864. Resigned June 18th, 

1864. 

First Lieutenant Isaac IN". Hawkins. 

Enlisted Oct. 22d, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, ©HS'Tth, 1863. Promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant, March 30th, 1864. Discharged May 15th, 
1865, on account of wounds received in battle at 
Atlanta, Ga. 

First Lieutenant Charles W. Stone. 

Enlisted Nov. 4th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, March 1st, 1863. Promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant, July 1st, 1863. Resigned July 5th, 1864. 



196 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

First Lieutenant Johnson E. F. Jackson. 

Enlisted, November, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, March 1st, 1863. Promoted to First Lieu- 
tenant, March 29th, 1861. Resigned, Jan. 2d, 

1865. 

First Lieutenant Samuel C. Glover. 

Appointed First Lieutenant, April 18th, 1864. Pro- 
moted by the President, to be Commissary of Sub- 
sistence, with the rank of Captain, July, 1864. 

First Lieutenant John Burke. 

Enlisted, Oct. 11th, 1861. Appointed First Lieu- 
tenant, March 28th, 1865. Served full term. 

First Lieutenant Thomas F. Hamilton. 

Enlisted, Oct. 14th, 1861. Appointed First Lieuten- 
ant, March 28th, 1865. Served full term. 

First Lieutenant John Hildenbrand. 

Enlisted, Dec. 11th, 1861. Appointed First Lieu- 
tenant, March 28th, 1865. Served full term, 

First Lieutenant James Ferguson. 

Enlisted, Dec. 16th, 1861. Appointed First Lieu- f 
tenant, April 1st, 1865. Served full term. 

First Lieutenant James Ross. 

Enlisted, Oct. 26th, 1861. Appointed First Lieu- 
tenant, May 1st, 1865. Served full term. 

First Lieutenant Michael S. Mackerly. 

Enlisted, Nov, 20th, 1861. Appointed First ^Lieu- 
tenant, June 25th, 1865. Served full term. 



SEVENTY-TTIIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 197 

First Lieutenant John C. Alton. 

Enlisted, Dec. 9th, 1861. Appointed First Lieuten- 
ant, June 25tli, 1865. Served full term. 

Second Lieutenant Charles W. Trimble. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Dec. SOth, 1861. 
Killed in battle, at second Bull Run, Aug. SOth, 

1862. 

Second Lieutenant Dayton Morgan. 

Enlisted, Nov. 9th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, Aug. 5th, 1862. Resigned, Oct. 25th, 

1862. 

Second Lieutenant John Mitchell. 

Appointed Second Lieutenant, Nov. 20th, 1861. Re- 
signed, Dec. 23d, 1862. 

Second Lieutenant Edward H. Miller. 

Enli&ted, Nov. 11th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, March 19th, 1862. Resigned, Feb. 1st 

1863. 

Second Lieutenant Igdaliah B. Dresbach. 

Enlisted, Oct. 26th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, March 1st, 1863. Resigned, Aug 12th, 
1863. 

Second Lieutenant Robert E. Beecher. 

Enlisted, September, 1862. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, Dec. 5th, 1862. Appointed by the Presi- 
dent " A. A. G." with the rank of Captain, July, 
1864. 



198 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Second Lieutenant John B. Ira. 

Enlisted Dec. 16th, 1861. Appointed Second Lieu- 
tenant, April 8th, 1863. Discharged, Oct. 23d, 
1863, on account of wounds received in battle, at 
Gettysburg. 



ROLL OF NAMES 

AND 

BRIEF MILITARY HISTORIES 

OF THE 

NON- COMMISSIONED OFFICERS AND PRIVATES 

IN THE 

ORIGINAL AND VETERAN ORGANIZATIONS 

OP THE 

SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO 

VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 



NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF OFFICERS. 

Sergeant Major Nathan C. Littler. 

Appointed Sergeant Major, March 1st, 1865. Served 
full term. 

Quartermaster Sergeant James Templin. 

Appointed Quartermaster Sergeant, May 14tli, 1863. 
Discharged, on account of physical disability, Dec. 
81st, 1863. 

Quartermaster Sergeant Mahlon Bennett. 

Appointed Quartermaster Sergeant, March 27th, 
1865. Served full terra. 



200 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Commissary Sergeant Erskine Carson. 

Appointed Commissary Sergeant, Aug. 5tli, 1862. 
Discharged, Oct. 29th, 1862, on account of wounds 
received in second Bull Run battle. 

Commissary Sergeant George Lemon. 

Appointed Commissary Sergeant, Feb. 16th, 1864. 
Served full term. 

Hospital Steward William H. Hughes. 

Appointed Hospital Steward, April 26th, 1865. 
Served full term. 

Chief Musician Thaddeus M. Packard. 

Detached from Thirty-third Massachusetts Volun- 
teers. Appointed Chief Musician, March 1st, 1864. 
Mustered out, June, 1865. 

Chief Musician John D. Stuckey. 

Appointed Chief Mu£jician, July 1st, 1865. Served 
full term. 

Chief Musician Cyrus F. Wilson. 

Appointed Chief Musician, July 1st, 1865. Served 
full term. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 2501 

COMPANY «A," SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO.; j 

ORIGINAL MEMBERS OF THE REGIMENT. 

First Sergeant David M. Lyons. ''Served full term. 

First Sergeant George W. Rudel. Served full term. 

Sergeant John P. Jones. Died of wounds at Chatta- 
nooga, 1864. 

Sergeant John H. Kreoll. Transferred to Veteran Re- 
serve Corps, 1863. 

Sergeant Charles E. Long. Killed in battle, at Ben- 
tonville, N. C, 1865. 

Sergeant Calvin Rambo. Killed in battle, at Kene- 
saw Mountain, 1864. 

Sergeant Francis M. Davis. Served full term. 

Sergeant John Minser. Served full term. 

Sergeant William J. Wilson. Served full term. 

Corporal S. Webster Templin. Died at New Creek, 
'Va., 1862. 

Corporal William B. Rennard. Discharged for physi- 
cal disability, 1862. 

Corporal Levi J. Buchwalter. Served original term. 

Corporal Adelbert D. Zehrung. Discharged on account 
of wounds, 1862. 

Corporal Socrates S. Bitzer. Died of wounds at Get- 
tysburg, 1863. 

Corporal John H. Eckle. Died of wounds received at 
Resacca, Ga., 1864. 

Corporal William C. Templin. Died of wounds at Get- 
tysburg, 1863. ^ -'-^^ V* i^^y ''^ 
17 



202 J'OURNAL-HISTORT OF THET 

Corporal Allen Yapple. Killed in battle, at Gettys- 
burg, 1863. 

Corporal Robert S. McCartney. Served full term. 

Corporal Rufus D. Fierce. Died at Nashville, Tenn.cr 
1864. 

Corporal Hiram A. Gilbreath, Served full term. 

Corporal Henry C Sleigh. Discharged on account of 
wounds, May, 1865. 

Corporal William Dorman. Served full term^ 

Corporal Levi Peddycourt. Served full term. 

Corporal Henry Seymore. Served full term. 

Corporal Moses Hixenbaugh. Served full term. 

Corporal Joseph Shoemaker. Served from 1862, 

William Ankrom. Discharged for disability. 

Franklin Brokau. Served full term. 

William J. Brokau. Served original term. 

Solomon Ballinger. Killed in battle, at Bentonville., 
1865. 

Andrew Birch, Discharged at Hospital, 1865. 

John G. Butler. Discharged for phyisical disability, 

Philip T. Baum. Served original term. 

John Barton. Discharged for physical disability. 

Thomas Coey. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps^ 

Birten Crider. Died of wounds at second Bull Run, 

David Consolver, Discharged for physical disability. 

George Chamberlain, Died at Alexandria, Ya., 1862, 

Charles Clinger. Served full term. 

Lewis Crites. Discharged for physical disability, 

Simon Chester. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, 

William T. Clark. Served original term. 

Theodore Clark. Discharged on account of wounds. 



i 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 203 

James H. Cox. Served full term. 

Thomas Dawson. Discharged for disability. 

William Dorris. Discharged for disability. 

James Donnely. Transferred to Veteran Reserve 
Corps. 

James Dehaven. Mustered out at Hospital, 1865. ' 

Jefferson Francisco. Discharged for disability. 

Nathan Ferris. Killed in battle at Kenesaw Mountain. 

William Faumliner. Discharged for physical disability. 

Alexander Gorman. Discharged for disability. 

James Gregg. Discharged for disability. 

Peter Goodman. Served full term. 

Isaiah Hanmore. Served full term. 

William J. Hoy. Discharged for disability. 

George Ingmire. Mustered out at Hospital, May, 1865. 

Snoden Ingmire. Discharged for disability, 1864. 

Thomas Ingmire. Died of wounds received at Gettys- 
burg. 

Austin P. Jones. Served full term. 

David Justice. Discharged for disability. 

Joseph Johnson. Discharged for disability. 

Henry Kerns. Served full term. 

James Lindsey. Discharged for disability. 

Solomon Lindsey. Died of wounds received at Ben- 
tonville. 

Milton Lister. Served full term. 

William N. Lowe. Discharged for disability. 

Joseph E. Moss. Killed in battle, at second Bull Run. 

William McGee. Died at Winchester, Ya., July, 1862. 

William Morgan. Discharged for disability. 

William H. Morgan. Discharged for disability. 



204 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Martin V. Morrison. Served full term. 

Robert S. McKitrick. Served original term. 

Washington Pence. Discharged for disability. 

William C. Pierce. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1862. 

Alfred Peecher. Discharged for disability. 

David Poling. Served full term. 

William Reid. Discharged for disability. 

Allen Reid. Supposed to have died at Libby prison. 

Jacob Reid. Served original term. 

Thomas Reedy. Died of wounds received at Gettys- 
burg. 

Joseph W. Randall. Served full term. 

John W. Smith. Served original term. 

William H. Sain. Discharged for disability. 

George W. Sweet. Served original term. 

Edward H. Sweet. Supposed to have died at Wash- 
ington. 

Asa Sullivan. Killed in battle at Lookout Valley. 

Solomon Seymore. Discharged for disability. 

Edward Thomas. Died at Winchester, Va., 1862. 

Isaac Tatman. Died of wounds received at Resacca, Ga. 

William Thomas. Served full term. 

Washington J. Watson. Served full term. 

Robert Wilson. Discharged on account of wounds. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1862. 

Harvey Black. Served from date of enlistment. 
Lafayette Buchwalter. Served from date of enlistment. 
George Creashbaum. Died at Washington City. 
William F. Childers. Served from date of enlistment. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 205 

Thomas Goodman. Mustered out at Hospital, May, 1865. 

Silas D. Jones. Discharged for disability. 

George Sidenbender. Discharged at Camp Dennison, 

1864. 
John W. Thomas. Served from date of enlistment. 
Peter B. Zehrung. Mustered out at Hospital, May, 

1865. 
Jacob T. Zehrung. Mustered out at hospital. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1864. 

Samuel Bell. Served from enlistment. 
Josephus Cooper. Served from enlistment. 
William M. Childs. Died in Andersonville prison. 
Joseph Collins. Served from enlistment. 
Wesley Carrick. Served from enlistment. 
Thornton Congrove. Served from enlistment. 
George W. Haws. Served from enlistment. 
William Miller. Discharged at Hospital, 1865. 
Henry Poling. Served from enlistment. 
Daniel J. Routt. Died at Madison, Ind. 
Timothy A. Routt. Served from enlistment. 
Jacob Raub. Served from enlistment. 
Washington Hanmore. Killed in battle at Bentonville. 
Charles B. Wilkins. Served from enlistment. 
Joseph D. Shirkey. Served from enlistment. 

MEN TRANSFERRED FROM SEVENTY-NINTH OHIO VOL- 
UNTEERS. 

Eleazar Gorman. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Jeremiah Danight. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Robert Goodman. Mustered out with the regiment. 



206 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

COMPANY "B," SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO. 

ORIGINAL MEMBERS OF THE REGIMENT. 

First Sergeant Charles Shepherd. Killed in battle at 
second Bull Bun. 

First Sergeant Joseph W. Reid. Served from 1862. 

Sergeant Milton Chandler. Dropped from the rolls. 

Sergeant Winfield Underwood. Discharged to accept 
promotion. 

Sergeant Benjamin F. Morrison. Killed in battle at 
second Bull Bun. 

Sergeant George Wisensa. Served original term. 

Sergeant Johnson Prjor. Killed in battle, at Gettys- 
burg. 

Sergeant Thomas F. Bice. Died of wounds at Gettys- 
burg. 

Sergeant Lafayette Abbott. Discharged on account of 
wounds. 

Sergeant Bichard Enderlin. Discharged on account of 
wounds. 

Sergeant Wilson Biley. Served full term. 

Sergeant Henry Lorback. Served from March, 1864. 

Sergeant John B. Holbrook. Transferred from Sev- 
enty-ninth Ohio. 

Corporal George W. Bennett. Discharged for disability. 

Corporal Isaiah McJunkins. Served full term. 

Corporal Jacob Swable. Discharged for disability. 

Corporal John Warren. Discharged for disability. 

Corporal William E. Haines. Killed in battle, at Get- 
tysburg, 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 207 

Oorporal Jacob Miller. Discharged on account of 
wounds, 1865. 

Corporal Samuel Ward. Served original term. 

'Corporal James H. Smith. Killed in battle, at second 
Bull Run, 

Corporal James S. Lawson. Discharged on account of 
wounds. 

Corporal Samuel Turner. Killed in battle, at Gettys- 
burg. 

Corporal Henry Lawson. Served original term. 

Corporal William Colgrove, Served from 1864. ' 

Corporal Samuel M. Hatfield. Served full term. 

Corporal Casper Montgomery. Served from 1862. 

Corporal William H. Shade. Served from Feb., 1864. 

Corporal William H. Rowe. Served from Feb., 1864. 

Corporal James H. Harvey. Transferred from Sev- 
enty-ninth Ohio. 

John Adams. Served full term. 

Samuel Allison. Served original term. 

James Awmack Detached in Rigby's Battery. 

John Burch. Served original term. 

John B. Butler. Dropped from the rolls. 

Dandridge Busch. Detached in DeBeck's Battery. 

Lewis Blake. Discharged for disability. 

Elias Cunningham. Dropped from the rolls. 

William R. Call. Died of wounds received at G-ettys- 
burg. 

William Cline. Served original term. 

John Couch. Died at Aquia Creek, Jan., 1863. 

Washington Detty. Dropped from the rolls. 

John H. Double. Died at Clarksburg, Va., March, 1862. 



208 JOtJRNAL-HISTOEY OF THE 

Zachariah Double. Furnished substitute, 1862. 

Kichard Ellington. Discharged for disability. 

George England. Served full term. 

John C. Eisher. Dropped from the rolls. 

Charles Fulcher. Discharged on account of wounds. 

John Fairbanks. Served original term. 

George Gildow. Served original term. 

George Haynes. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1862. 

James Holbrook. Discharged for disability. 

Permanio Harry. Dropped from the rolls. 

William H. Jackman. Discharged for disability. 

Michael Kennedy. Served original term. 

Daniel Kirkendall. Died of wounds at Chattanooga. 

David K Lee. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1862. 

Thomas Lightle. Discharged for disability. 

August Loumanhouser. Served full term. 

Joshua Lee. Dropped from the rolls. 

William Labar. Killed in battle, at Cross Keys, Ya. 

Joseph Litterst. Discharged for disability, 1865. 

Levi Miller. Discharged on account of wounds. 

George Miller. Served full term. 

George W. McGehee. Transferred to Veteran Reserve 

Corps. 
David D. Mitten. Died at Clarksburg, Va,, 1862. 
John McGehee. Discharged for disability, 1862. 
James F. May. Discharged for disability, 1862. 
William May. Killed in battle, at Peach-tree Creek, j 
Warren Miller. Discharged on account of wounds, 
Isaiah McCandless. Died at Weston, Va., 1862. 
George Nixon. Died of wounds received at Gettys- 
burg. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 209 

Elias S. Ostrander. Served original term. 
Jeremiah Price. Died at home, 1865. 
Cyrus Parker. Dropped from the rolls. 
William Price. Discharged for disability. 
George Pontius. Dropped from the rolls. 
William Rose. Dropped from the rolls. 
Jesse Rickey. Discharged on account of wounds, 
Levi Russell. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Joseph T. Shade. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1862. 
Albert Steineger. Dropped from the rolls, 
Gotleib Sheeler. Served full term. 
John W. Selders. Dropped from the rolls, 
David Schoonover. Served full term. 
Daniel C. Smith. Dropped from the rolls. 
Samuel A. Shattuck. Served original term. 
Benjamin Shattuck. Served original term. 
Nathan Thompson. Served original term. 
Joseph Terry. Discharged by order of War Depart- 
ment. 
John Terry. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Albert Underwood. Discharged for disability. 
Lewis Weiss. Served full term. 
Samuel A. Williams. Discharged for disability. 
Charles Wooster. Dropped from the rolls, 
Adam Wilkie. Deserted. 
John M. Wilson. Dropped from the rolls. 
William W. Williams. Discharged for disability, 1863. 
Cyrus B. Williams. Discharged for disability. 
Robert Ward. Served full term. 
Lewis Zook. Served original term. 



210 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1862. 

Theobald Deihl. Discharged at Hospital, 1865. 

Frederick Heckler. Discharged for disability. 

Absalom Hissey, Killed in battle, at Kenesaw Moun- 
tain. 

Martin Knece. Served from enlistment. 

Samuel Knece. Served from enlistment. 

William Linton. Died at Washington, 1863. 

Samuel Mellon. Served from enlistment. 

Lewis Montgomery. Transferred to Veteran Reserve 
Corps. 

Henry Miller. Dropped from the rolls. 

Amos Nungester. Served from enlistment. 

Joseph Nelson. Served from enlistment. 

Amos T. Reid. Served from enlistment. 

William McLuens. Killed in battle, at Gettysburg. 

Alexander Cavit. Discharged for disability, 1863. 

Philip Houk. Served from enlistment. 

Edwin Matthews. Served from enlistment. 

John W. Arledge. Served from enlistment. 

John Jenkins. Dropped from the rolls. 



MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1864. 

John W. Price. Served from enlistment. 

Valentine Bowman. Served from enlsstment. 

Benjamin Esker. Served from enlistment. 

William S. Ditler. Discharged on account of wounds. 

Franklin Brown. Served from enlistment. 

Henry C. Pitman. Discharged at Hospital, 1865. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 211 

William Clark. Discharged for disability. 
Daniel May. Died at Chattanooga, 1864. 
James H. McCoy. Died at Chattanooga, 1864. 
David McJunkins. Died at Nashville, 1864. 
John Flesch. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Valentine Baker. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Martin V. B. Clifford. Served from enlistment. 
Hiram Cochran. Dropped from the rolls. 
Thomas Elsey. Served from enlistment. 
Joshua Ellington. Served from enlistment. 
William D. Matthews. Served from enlistment. 
William W. Berry. Dropped from the rolls. 

MEN TRANSFERRED FROM THE SEVENTY-NINTH OHIO VOL- 
UNTEERS. 

Benjamin N. Anson. Mustered out with regiment. 
Abel T. Newberry. Mustered out with Regiment. 



COMPANY ''C," SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO. 

ORIGINAL MEMBERS OF THE REGIMENT. 

First Sergeant Joseph L. Devese. Killed in battle at 

Lookout Valley. 
First Sergeant Jerome Holloway. Served original 

term. 
First Sergeant John W. Wilson. Served full term. 
Sergeant Allison W. Brown. Discharged to accept 

promotion, 1862. 



212 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Sergeant Isaac C. Nelson. Discharged to accept pro- 
motion, 1862. 

Sergeant Hiram Lewis. Served full term. 

Sergeant Robert E. Cox. Killed in battle of New Hope 
Church, Ga. 

Sergeant Joseph B. Brooks. Served from 1862. 

Sergeant Chester M. Engle. Served from 1862. 

Sergeant Charles Glenn. Served from 1862. 

Corporal John Robinson. Discharged for disability. 

Corporal Howard A. Turner, Sr. Discharged for dis- 
ability. 

Corporal David F. Nixon. Transferred to Veteran Re- 
serve Corps. 

Corporal Joshua C. Ross. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1863. 

Corporal Ira W. Booton. Served original term. 

Corporal Charles Carroll. Discharged on account of 
wounds. 

Corporal Rensalaer Clements. Discharged for dis- 
ability. 

Corporal Walter H. Howson. Served full term. 

Corporal Edward H. Wilson. Served from 1862. 

Corporal Patrick Trainer. Served full term. 

Corporal A. Scott Watkins. Discharged for disability. 

Corporal Daniel G. Bowsher. Served from 1862. 

Corporal John S. Neff. Transferred to Veteran Re- 
serve Corps. 

Corporal John M. Wright. Served from 1862. 

Corporal William Satchel. Served from February, 1864. 

Corporal Nathan Lewis. Served from February, 1864. 

Corporal Henry E. Foos. Transferred from Seventy- 
ninth Ohio. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 213 

Isaac Ater. Killed in battle, at second Bull Run. 
Abraham Anderson. Discharged on account of wounds. 
William F. Adams. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Riley Bowers. Discharged by order of Gen. Rose- 

crans. 
William T. Brown. Died of wounds received at New 

Hope Church. 
Peter Brown. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Benjamin Brown. Discharged for disability. 
James A. Brown. Discharged for disability. 
Robert Carroll. Discharged for disability. 
John Clark. Discharged on account of wounds. 
James Y. Clark. Served original term. 
Samuel Colston. Served original term. 
Isaac Crago. Discharged for disability. 
William W. Crow. Died of wounds received at second 

Bull Run. 
William A. Clifton. Killed in battle, at second Bull 

Run. 
James A. Depoy. Served full term. 
Frank Esker. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Sampson Evans. Served full terra. 
William Farlow. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Isaac Fowler. Discharged on account of wounds. 
George W. Fenimore. Served original term. 
John W. Godden. Killed in battle, at second Bull Run. 
James W. Henry. Died at Winchester, Ya., 1862. 
Asa Harper. Killed in battle, at second Bull Run. 
Patrick Henry. Died near Louden, Tenn. 
John W. Hitch. Discharged for disability. 
Joseph Heitzman. Died in Hospital, 1862. 



214 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Clement Hutton. Served full term. 
David R. Hurst. Died at Sperryville, Va., 1862. 
David Harvey. Died near Franklin, Va., 1862. 
Thomas K. Harper. Died at Winchester, Ya., 1862. 
Michael Kavanah. Discharged for disability, 1863. 
William W. Lewis. Died at Petersburg, W. Ya., 1862. 
Noble Lewis. Died of wounds received at Peach Tree 

Creek. 
Harvey W. Lewis. Died at Franklin, Ya., 1862. 
Jesse Lewis. Killed in battle, at second Bull Run. 
Michael Lynch. Served original term. 
Ira W. McDaniel. Died at home, 1862. 
Allen McDaniel. Served original term. 
Henry Neiffer. Discharged for disability. 
Lewis Nail. Transferred to Yeteran Reserve Corps. 
David Paine. Transferred to Yeteran Reserve Corps, 
William Paine. Deserted. 

Jesse Pence. Transferred to Yeteran Reserve Corps. 
Edmund Porter. Died of wounds received at Resacca. 
John Ray. Discharged for disability. 
Franklin Redd. Died of wounds received at New Hope 

Church. 
John Sosman. Died at Sperry ville, Ya., 1862. 
Lewis A. Sanford. Died of wounds at Gettysburg. 
Benjamin Shockley. Discharged for disability. 
John Soider. Served full term. 
John J. Seymore. Dropped from the rolls. 
Paul Sowers. Served original term. 
George Selby. Killed in battle, at second Bull Run. 
Joseph E. Timmons. Died of wounds at Gettysburg. 
Edwin D. Throne. Discharged for disability. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFAI^TRY. 215 

Kelson Tull. Discharged for disability. 
Howard A. Turner. Served original term. 
Frederick Vincent. Discharged for disability, 
Miley B. Wesson. Served full term. 
Samuel M. Wiley. Discharged for disability, 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1862. 

William Billings. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, 
William Glenn, Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 
Ezra Hardesty. Discharged on account of wounds. 
William Hagley, Supposed to have died at Nashville, 
Benjamin 0. Heap. Died of wounds received at Ro- 
sacea. 
Purnell Justus. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 
William NefF. Discharged for disability. 
Austin Sealy. Died at Philadelphia, 18G3, 
John S. Wilson. Served from enlistment. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1864. 

John Wright. Served from enlistment. 
Hugh McDowell. Served from enlistment. 
Milburn Dennis. Killed in battle, at Rosacea. 
Kation Gooley. Died of wounds received at New Hope 

Church. 
Wesley Gooley. Discharged from Hospital, 1865. 
Henry Garris. Discharged as paroled prisoner, 1865. 
Benjamin W. Lewis. Killed in battle, at Resacca. Ga. 
Thomas Lewis. Served from enlistment. 
Charles J. Porter. Killed in battle, at New Hope 

Church. 



216 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Rowland Pettyjohn. Discharged from Hospital, 1865. 
Taylor Clifton. Killed in battle, at Resacca. 
James Justus. Served from enlistment. 
Wilson Warner. Discharged for disability. 
Thomas Watson. Died of wounds received at Kene- 

saw Mountain. 
Frank Bloomer. Served from enlistment. 
John P. Downy. Dropped from the rolls. 
Lafayette Flannigan. Served from enlistment. 
Casper N. Griffith. Served from enlistment. 
James F. Hunter. Died near Atlanta, 1864. 
Jacob T. Murlett. Died, May, 1864. 
Frank M. Madden. Served from enlistment. 
George W. Rager. Deserted. 
Joseph May. Mustered out, by War Department 

Order. 

MEN TRANSFERRED FROM THE SEVENTY-NINTH OHIO. 

John E. Andrews. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Thomas Bloom. Mustered out with the regiment. 
William L. Bradley. Mustered out with the regiment. 
William R. Bradley. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Mathias Branderburg. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Alexander Compton. Mustered out w^th the regiment. 
Aaron Carnahan. Mustered out with the regiment. 
William W. Donelly. Mustered out with the regiment. 
John W. Darbyshire. Mustered out with the regiment. 
John W. Elder. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Alfred N. Follin. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Adam C. Gorrell. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Francis Hollingshead. Mustered out with the regiment. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 217 

Michael Mitchell. Mustered out with the regiment. 
John Willis. Mustered out with the regiment. 



COMPANY "D," SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO. 

ORIGINAL MEMBERS OF THE REGIMENT. 

First Sergeant Henry Robertson. Discharged for dis- 
ability. 

First Sergeant Oliver P. Downing. Served from March, 
1864. 

Sergeant John T. Bratton. Discharged for disability. 

Sergeant James J. Handshaw. Served full term. 

Sergeant Alexander L. Carnes. Served full term. 

Sergeant George Hughes. Served full term. 

Sergeant Thomas McWhorter. Served full term. 

Corporal Jesse Lee. Discharged for disability, 1863. 

Corporal Thomas W. Barnes. Discharged for disability, 
1862. 

Corporal Benjamin E. Hanson. Discharged for dis- 
ability, 1862. 

Corporal John Durham. Died of wounds received at 
second Bull Run. 

Corporal Frank H. Watkins. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 
1862. 

Corporal William B. Lee. Discharged at Hospital, 
1865. 

Corporal Frank Watson. Discharged for disability, 
1862. 

Corporal Joel F. Nichols. Dropped from the rolls. 
18 



218 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Corporal Conrad Rull. Served from 1862. 

Corporal John Swan. Missing, on scouting duty. 

Corporal Abner Taylor. Killed in battle, at Resecca. 

Corporal John E. Ebenhack. Served full term. 

Corporal Nicholas Hedrick. Served full term. 

Corporal Thomas Halvey. Served from February, 1864. 

Corporal William Delong. Served from Feb., 1864. 

Corporal Charles Halvey. Served from Feb., 1864. 

Corporal Thomas Sherwood. Transferred from Sev- 
enty-ninth Ohio. 

William Ackerman. Killed accidentally, at Gettys- 
burg. 

Henry H. Argubright. Discharged on account of 
wounds. 

George Armstrong. Discharged, July 28th, 1862. 

William Bennett. Served full term. 

John Butt. Served full term. 

George Bailey. Dropped from the rolls. 

William Cochenour. Died at Petersburg, Va., 1862. 

Isaac Cochenour. Served original term. 

George Cassett. Dropped from the rolls. 

Joseph Chesser. Died at Falmouth Ya., 1863. 

John W. Cottrell. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1862. 

Francis W. Crabtree. Drowned while sailing near Cape 
Hatteras. 

James Chesser. Dropped from the rolls. 

John G. Day. Dropped from the rolls. 

Christopher Delong. Discharged, Sept. 5th, 1862. 

John Gilbreath. Served full term. 

John Gartner. Discharged on account of wounds. 

William W. Hughes. Discharged, Nov. 8th, 1862. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 219 

William F. Hughey. Discharged on account of wounds. 
John W. Horsey. Transferred to Veteran Reserve 

Corps. 
Noah Hollis. Discharged for disability, 1862. 
Moses Honnell. Dropped from the rolls. 
Amos Haldron. Served full term. 
Ezra H. Hansberry. Dropped from the rolls. 
Morgan Jennings. Discharged for disability. 
Francis Justus. Served original term. 
Frederick Kunthe. Kill in battle, at Resacca. 
Enos Kirk. Discharged, October, 1862. 
James McKee. Discharged for disability. 
John McKee. Killed in battle, at second Bull Run. 
Isaac McKee. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Nathan McCarty. Transferred to Veteran Reserve 

Corps. 
Theodore Mangold. Served original term. 
Robert T. McDaniel. Discharged for disability, 1862- 
Henry J. Martin. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1862. 
William Miller. Dropped from the rolls. 
Albert Moots. Died at Lookout Valley, Tenn. 
Samuel McDaniel. Discharged for disabili:^y, 1862. 
Isaac Martin. Died at Falmouth, Va., 1863. 
Allen C. Newland. Discharged for disability. 
Albert Parker. Dropped from the rolls. 
George D. Robinson. Transferred to Veteran Reserve 

Corps. 
Edward E. Rice. Served full term. 
Ezariah Rinehart. Dropped from the rolls. 
William L. Southers. Transferred to Veteran Reserve 

Corps. 



220 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

John Swift. Killed in battle, at Lookout Valley, Tenn. 

Washington Swift. Dropped from the rolls. 

George W. Stanley. Discharged for disability, 

Thomas Swift. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1862. 

Andrew Sabold. Discharged for disability. 

Alexander Smith. Served full term. 

Edward Thompson. Served full term. 

John W. Williams. Discharged for disability. 

Henry C. Wilson. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 

John Wine. Discharged for disability. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1862. 

John Drake. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Dennis Drake. Killed in battle, at Lookout Valley. 
William McGee. Served from enlistment. 
Isaac Miller. Killed in battle, at Lookout Valley. 
Simon Mayers. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 
James H. Russell. Died of wounds received at Kene- 

saw Mountain. 
Thomas H. Snyder. Discharged on account of wounds. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1864. 

George Bresler. Served from enlistment. 
Samuel R. Bishop. Died at home, 1864. 
Alvero Childs. Served from enlistment. 
Nicholas Conley. Served from enlistment, 
Walter Finney. Served from enlistment. 
John Delong. Served from enlistment. 
Robert H. Grubb. Killed in battle, at New Hope 
Church. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 221 

Philip Gobbleman. Served from enlistment. 

Thomas Gooden. Served from enlistment. 

Jacob Houser. Served from enlistment. 

Charles Healy. Deserted. 

John Hedrick. Served from enlistment. 

Charles Litterst. Served from enlistment. 

William Nichols. Died of wounds, July, 1864. 

Henry S. Noble. Served from enlistment. 

Joseph R. Rittenour. Discharged at Hospital, 1865. 

James R. Rinehart. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn. 

Perry W. Stevens. Discharged on account of wounds. 

William Lesser. Dropped from the rolls. 

Samuel Nelson. Mustered out by War Department 

Order. 
Hallem Sisna. Mustered out at Hospital. 
James D. Toops. Transferred to Veteran Reserve 

Corps. 
Henry Taylor. Mustered out at Hospital, 1865. 

MEN TRANSFERRED FROM SEVENTY-NINTH OHIO. 

Ezekiel Cruel. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Benjamin F. Dowell. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Stanley H. Day. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Richard Green. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Wilson Greathouse. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Edward S. Hunt. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Joshua Simmons. Mustered out with the regiment. 
David M. Stewart. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Thomas Sawyer. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Timothy Titqs. Mustered out with the regiment. 



222 JOURNAL-HISTORY OP THE 

David Welch. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Amos Ward. Mustered out with the regiment. 
David Wrightsman. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Joseph M. Ward. Mustered out with the regiment. 



COMPANY "E," SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO. 

ORIGINAL MEMBERS OP THE REGIMENT. 

First Sergeant Michael Harkins. Served full term. 

Sergeant Henry W. Meeker. Discharged to accept 
promotion. 

Sergeant John Alexander. Discharged for disability. 

Sergeant T. F. Vanmeter. Killed in battle, at Lookout 
Valley. 

Sergeant George W. Gephart. Transferred to Veteran 
Reserve Corps. 

Sergeant Job P. Duvall. Served full term. 

Sergeant John McCollister. Discharged on account of 
wounds. 

Sergeant David Thompson. Served original term. 

Sergeant Wesley H. Hays. Served full term. 

Sergeant John Henson. Served full term. 

Sergeant Henry Furnis. Served full term. 

Corporal Frank N. Snider. Discharged for disability. 

Corporal Charles Davidson. Killed in battle, at Look- 
out Valley. 

Corporal John Heary. Served from 1864. 

Corporal Joseph Birt. Discharged on account of 
wounds. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 223 

Corporal Francis Hoffman. Served from enlistment. 

Corporal Matthew J. Grimshaw. Served from enlist- 
ment. 

Corporal Joseph Hoffman. Served from enlistment. 

Corporal Isaac P. Duvall. Served full term. 

Corporal Frank Fairchild. Transferred from Seventy- 
ninth Ohio. 

James Ashmore. Discharged for disability. 

Thomas W. Biggerstaff. Killed in battle of second 
Bull Run. 

Oliver H. P. Bennet. Discharged for disability. 

Lewis Barnhart. Transferred to Veteran Reserve 
Corps. 

James T. Brown. Dropped from the rolls. 

Thomas Butterman. Dropped from the rolls. 

Simeon P. Byers. Died at Hospital. 

Andrew Clendenin. Discharged for disability. 

James Cullen. Killed in battle, at Rosacea. 

Andrew Corcoran. Died at Clarksburg Va. 

Ebenezer Clark. Served original term. 

John Dinley. Died of wounds, December, 1863. 

Samuel Davis. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 

Joseph Dolan. Discharged, August, 1862. 

Frank M. Ferguson. Discharged, Nov. 24th, 1862. 

John Funk. Served full term. 

John Fleming. Died at Weston, Va., 1862. - 

James Greer. Died at New Creek, Va., 1862. 

Thomas Godfrey. Detached in Twelfth Ohio Battery. 

Thomas Greer. Died at Nashville, 1864. 

Peter Galagher. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1862. 

Patrick Heary. Died at Grafton, Va., 1862. 



224 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

William Hege. Served full term. 

Henry Henson. Killed in battle, at second Bull Run. 

Edward Helwagon. Discharged on account of wounds. 

Samuel F. Jones. Transferred to Veteran Reserve 
Corps. 

William Jackson. Died at Circleville, Ohio. 

John W. Kelts. Served original term. 

David W. Long. Killed in battle of Resacca. 

John May. Died at Clarksburg, Ya., 1862. 

John C. McFadden. Served full term. 

William D. McBride. Served full term, 

Joshua Morris. Served full term. 

John McManus. Served full term. 

Daniel Martburger. Discharged, December, 1862. 

David O'Donnell. Served full term. 

Peter Rape. Discharged for disability. 

Philip A. Reid. Died, July 16th, 1862, 

William Ross. Died at Lookout Valley, Tenn. 

Cyrus Rush. Served full term. 

William E. Rowe. Served full term. 

John Reynolds. Died, October, 1862. 

Patrick Rogan. Missing in action at second Bull Run. 

John Shaffer. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, 
1864. 

Peter Shreck. Served original term. 

David Stonerock. Served original term. 

James J. Smith. Died, April 13th, 1864. 

William W. Townsend. Detached in Twelfth Ohio 
Battery. 

George W. Turflinger. Discharged by order of Secre- 
tary of War. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 225 

George Turflinger. Served full term. 
Joseph H. Turflinger. Died at Wind Mill Point, Md. 
Benjamin Thorp. Discharged on account of wounds. 
George Westerville. Discharged for disability, 1863. 
Janaes Welch. Discharged at Hospital, 1865. 
James Whalon. Discharged, December, 1862. 
Marcus Walston. Killed in battle of second Bull Run. 
John White. Died in rebel prison at Andersonville. 
John H. Watkins. Discharged, December, 1862. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1862. 

Benjamin Brady. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Thomas McDunn. Died at Stafford C. H., Va., 1863. 
William Gibbons. Discharged for disability, 1863. 
James M. Jinks. Discharged for disability, 1863. 
Barnet McVey. Died near Fairfax C. H., Ya., 1862. 
Ellis Powell. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 
Abraham Rice. Served from enlistment. 
Lewis Selby. Discharged for disability, 1863. 
Lewis Smith. Died, April, 1863. 
Martin Bugle. Discharged for disability, 1865. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1864. 

Thomas McCallister. Died at Lookout Valley, Tenn. 
Christopher Ross. Served from enlistment. 
George Stonerock. Died at Nashville, May, 1864. 
Elisha F. Steele. Discharged for disability, 1864. 
Joshua Thomas. Killed in battle, at Resacca. 
James Wells. Served from enlistment. 
Christian D. Lint. Served from enlistment. 
19 



226 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Wesley 0. Donelson. Discharged at Hospital, 1865. 
Joseph S. Hedrick. Served from enlistment. 
John J. Edwards. Served from enlistment. 
Joseph F. Fry. Taken prisoner. Supposed dead. 
Oscar Cook. Served from enlistment. 
Peter Woodring. Served from enlistment. 
John Kyner. Served from enlistment. 
James ShofF. Served from enlistment. 

MEN TRANSFERRED FROM THE SEVENTY-NINTH OHIO. 

John R. Bailey. Mustered out with the regiment. 
James W. Bailey. Mustered out with the regiment. 
William A. Collins. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Benijah Cadwallader. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Thomas J. Drake. Mustered out with the regiment. 
George Hurtt. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Owen Higgins. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Frank Harner. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Michael Lynch. Mustered out with the regiment. 
David M. Matthews. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Horace J. Newport. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Richard Whittaker. Mustered out with the regiment. 



COMPANY "F," SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO. 

ORIGINAL MEMBERS OF THE REGIMENT. 

First Sergeant Andrew Holden. Served full term. 
Sergeant Patrick E. Meer. Disch'd for disability, 1863. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 227 

Sergeant William Barnes. Discharged for disability 
1862. *^' 

Sergeant Columbus B. Kirkpatrick. Discharged for 
disability, 1862. 

Sergeant Alexander A. Campbell. Served original 
term. 

Sergeant Caleb Dewese. Killed in battle, at Gettys- 
burg. 

Sergeant Ezra H. O'Neil. Discharged for disability 

1864. ^' 

Sergeant Michael Norton. Served full term. 
Sergeant John W. Clark. Served full term. 
Sergeant Guy Beebe. Served full term. 
Sergeant George W. Burge. Served full term. 
Corporal Neil McLaughlin. Dropped from the rolls. 
Corporal Patrick Murphy. Died at Strasburg, Ya., 

1862. 
Corporal John McLaughlin. Dropped from the rolls. 
Corporal Henry Kirkpatrick. Discharged for disabil- 

ity, 1862. 
Corporal Theodore Beebe. Served full term. 
Corporal Samuel M. Barkley. Died of wounds received 

at Rosacea. 
Corporal Isaac P. Clark. Served full term. 
Corporal David Dillon. Died of wounds at Benton- 

ville, N. C. 
Corporal James Louthan. Served full term. 
Corporal John C. Morris. Served full term. 
Corporal Samuel Burke. Served full term. 
Corpo.il John Blake. Served full term. 
Corporal Francis M. Roberts. Served full term. 



228 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Marcellus Brooker. Served full term. 

Thomas Brady. Died May 26, 1862. 

George W. Bageley. Dropped from the rolls. 

Wallace W. Bodkin. Discharged on account of wounds. 

William C. Branderberry. Discharged as paroled pris- 
oner, 1865. 

Plene Bordeaux. Discharged for disability, 1864. 

Joseph Calhoun. Served full term. 

James Crowne. Discharged on account of wounds. 

Thomas Cook. Discharged for disability, 1862. 

Jacob Clark. Died of wounds received at Cross Keys. 

Peter Clark. Died at Nashville, 1864. 

James Callahan. Served full term. 

Earl Crippen Discharged January, 1865. 

James Dorgan. Discharged May, 1865, at Nashville. 

Thomas Dorgan. Died at Chillicothe, 0., Jan., 1862. 

Luke Daisy. Served original term. 

Peter Danihy. Dropped from the rolls. 

Patrick Delaney. Served original term. 

Alexander Ellis. Discharged at Columbus, 0., 1862. 

David Fish. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1862. 

Samuel H. Fish. Served full term. 

Garrett Fitsgerald. Discharged for disability, 1863. 

George Farley. Served full term. 

John W. France. Killed in battle, at New Hope 
Church. 

John Flannigan. Dropped from the rolls. 

Augustus Glenn. Killed in battle, at Atlanta, Ga. 

Patrick Highland. Discharged for disability, 1862. 

Patrick Highland, No. 2. Served original term. 

Nathan Heald. Killed in battle, at Gettysburg. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. mFANTRY. 229 

Caleb Heald. Transferred to Twelfth Ohio Battery. 
William Heald. Discharged for disability, 1862. 
Edmund Heald. Served full term. 
Lewis Harris. Dropped from the rolls. 
Joseph Harris. Died at Nashville. 
Charles H. Hunter. Died May 19, 1862. 
Henry Harry. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1862. 
Austin Hines. Died at Franklin, Va., 1862. 
Thomas F. Hicks. Discharged for disability. 
George Hatch. Died at Gettysburg, 1863. 
Joseph W. Johnson. Served full term. 
William H. Johnson. Served original term. 
Mortimer Kirkpatrick. Died of w^ounds received at 

second Bull Run. 
Abel D. King. Discharged by civil authority, 1862. 
Michael Kennedy. Transferred to Veteran Reserve 

Corps, 1863. 
John Kennedy. Discharged January, 1864. 
George W. Lyle. Dropped from the rolls. 
Anthony Moran. Served full term. 
William Marshall. Served full term. 
Michael Monahan. Discharged for disability. 
Nathan Morris. Discharged for disability, 1863. 
Elwood Morris. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, 

1863. 
Patrick Maley. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, 

1864. 
John Newman. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Sylvester Noland. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Lorny Noland. Discharged for disability. 
William Norris. Dropped from the rolls, 1862. 



230 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Stephen O'Leary. Dropped from the rolls. 

John O'Donnell. Served original term. 

Joseph Roberts. Discharged for disability. 

George W. Royer. Served full term. 

William Shrader. Discharged for disability, 1862. 

George E. Steigerwald. Discharged for disability, 1863. 

John A. Shipe. Dropped from the rolls. 

Patrick Sullivan. Detached with Twelfth Ohio Battery. 

Isaac N. Shipe. Served full term. 

George G. Stone. Died at Washington, July, 1863. 

Samuel Spear. Died at Chattanooga, 1864. 

John Starr. Served original term. 

Edward Tuite. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 

David Taylor. Discharged for disability, 1863. 

Edward Welch. Died at Tunnel Station, 0., 1864. 

Patrick Welch. Died at Chillicothe, 0., 1862. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1862. 

Charles E. Dustin. Killed in battle, at second Bull 

Run. 
James Johnson. Served from enlistment. 
Valentine E. Johnson. Discharged for disability, 1863. 
David Meeks. Discharged for disability. 
Joel Martin. Dropped from the rolls. 
Benjamin F. Bellows. Mustered out at Hospital, 1865. 
Amster Moore. Dropped from the rolls. 
James Hamilton. Served from enlistment. 
Cyrus Parsons. Killed in battle, at New Hope Church. 
John W. Parsons. Dropped from the rolls. 
George F. Smith. Discharged for disability. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 231 

John Snyder. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, 

1864. 
Alexander Vf ayson. Dropped from the rolls. 
James Ward. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1864. 

Faustus Beebe. Served from enlistment. 

William Farley. Died at Kingston, Ga., 1864. 

Charles N. Haines. Died at Chattanooga, 1864. 

George W. Holmes. Discharged, May 9ch, 1865. 

John Highland. Mustered out at Hospital, 1865. 

Josiah E. Haines. Served from enlistment. 

George F. Lukens. Discharged on account of wounds. 

Michael McGinty. Died at Columbus, 0., March, 1864. 

Reuben Mohny. Killed in battle, at Resacca. 

Neil McGinty. Served from enlistment. 

William McNaiaarra. Discharged on account of wounds. 

Oliver Miller. Served from enlistment. 

James L. Petty. Served from enlistment. 

James Reid. Discharged May, 1865. 

Charles H. Terry. Discharged for disability. 

James Roland. Served from enlistment. 

Joseph Storts. Served from enlistment. 

Benjamin F. Shue. Discharged for disability. 

Smith Stanton. Dropped from the rolls. 

Elias Walburn. Served from enlistment. 

Charles W. Deeble. Served from enlistment. 



232 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 



MEN TRANSFERRED FROM SEVENTY-NINTH OHIO. 

John W. Barnes. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Allen J. Blake. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Joshua Cooper. Mustered out with the regiment. 
James B. Carr. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Pearson H. Davis. Mustered out with the regiment. 
George W. Hailey. Mustered out with the regiment. 
John J. Middleton. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Jonathan McPherson. Mustered out with the regi- 
ment. 



COMPANY "G," SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO. 

ORIGINAL MEMBERS OF THE REGIMENT. 

First Sergeant Edward M. Terry. Died of wounds re- 
ceived at second Bull Run. 

First Sergeant Jasper C. Briggs. Killed in battle, at 
Gettysburg. 

First Sergeant Hinson C. Irion. Served original term. 

First Sergeant William Limes. Served full term. 

Sergeant William A. Burns. Killed in battle, at Ken- 
esaw Mountain. 

Sergeant William H. McCraw. Dropped from the 
rolls. 

Sergeant Isaac Willis. Killed in battle, at Gettyj^burg. 

Sergeant W^illiam A. Detty. Served original term. 

Sergeant William B. Greiner. Died at Falmouth, Va., 
1862. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 233 

Sergeant Henry Daniels. Killed in battle, at New 
Hope Church. 

Sergeant John Barnett. Served full term. 

Sergeant Harvey Limes. Served full term. 

Sergeant Robert L. Eyre. Served full term. 

Sergeant Moses T. Rowe. Served full term. 

Corporal William Peck. Served original term. 

Corporal George B. Greiner. Died of wounds received 
at Gettysburg. 

Corporal Andrew J. Dowell. Discharged on account 
of wounds. 

Corporal Benjamin Fitzgerald. Discharged on account 
of wounds. 

Corporal Winfield Knighton. Discharged for disability. 

Corporal Elmore W. Welshamer. Discharged on ac- 
count of wounds. 

Corporal Elisha Forsyth. Killed in battle, at Kene- 
saw Mountain. 

Corporal Jasper Carpenter. Served from 1864. 

Corporal Rinehart Lemley. Discharged at Hospital, 
1865. 

Corporal James Zimmerman. Served from February, 
1864. 

Corporal Jacob Linder. Mustered out with the regi- 
ment. 

Corporal Simon Ratcliff. Served from August, 1862. 
Corporal William Hudnell. Served full term. 

Corporal Isaac Delong. Served from February, 1864. 
Corporal John Dozer. Served original term. 
George Borden. Served full term. 
Andrew J. Borden. Served full term. 



234 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Mason Brown. Killed in battle, at second Bull Run. 

Willis Brewer. Discharged, October, 1862. 

Joseph Baker. Discharged, March, 1863. 

William Campbell. Served full term. 

James H. Downing. Discharged, December, 1862. 

Enoch M. Detty. Died of wounds, at Gettysgurg. 

David Dozer. Discharged at Philadelphia, 1863. 

Jacob Dixon. Served original term. 

Abner De France. Discharged, April, 1863. 

John M. Elliott. Served full term. 

Yinton Irwin. Served original term. 

Cyrus Ellis. Discharged for disability. 

James D. Freeman. Served original term. 

Frederick Fouty. Dropped from the rolls. 

Christopher H. Green. No record. 

James Graves. Dropped from the rolls. 

Eli Graves. Discharged, June 16th, 1863. 

James Irwin. Discharged October, 1862. 

Joshua Ilartman. Detached in Twelfth Ohio Battery. 

Joseph Horseman. Discharged for disability, 1862. 

Franklin B. Knighton. Died at Marietta, Ga., Septem- 
ber, 1864. 

James S. Knighton. Discharged, October, 1864. 

Engine P. Kiger. Transferred to Veteran Reserve 
Corps, 1864. 

Benjamin W. Kiger. Dropped from the rolls. 

Elisha Leake. Killed in battle, at Gettysburg. 

Joshua Linton. Discharged for disability, 1862. 

Reason B. Maple. Discharged on account of wounds. 

Henry M. Marks. No record. 

William Miller. Died while on veteran furlough. 



SEVENTY- THIED OIITO VOL. INFANTRY. 235 

Alfred McKee. Discharged January, 1863. 

James Marshall. Detached in First Ohio Battery. 

John H. Mackinson. Discharged, September, 1862. 

Matthew ^Y. Maddux. No. record. 

Thomas Nichols. Discharged on account of wounds. 

William H. Orr. Discharged, October, 1862. 

Henry M. Ogborn. Served original term. 

Lewis Painter. Discharged on account of wounds. 

Strawther Priddy. Discharged, May, 1862. 

James Ray. Killed in battle, at Gettysburg. 

Samuel Ray. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 

Thomas J. Robinson. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1862. 

William Ratcliff. Died, June, 1863. 

Alexander Speakman. Died at Fairfax Sem. Hospital, 
1862. 

Isaiah Smith. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, 
1863. 

John W. Swain. Discharged by War Department 
Order, 1865. 

Wilson Smallwood. Died, Feb. 15th, 1863, at home. 

James Shepherd. Served original term. 

Solomon Shiflett. Dropped from the rolls. 

A\illiam Sio:ler. Served oritrinal term. 

Isaac J Sperry. Killed in battle, at Gettysburg. 

William J. Shepherd. Served original term. 

Jacob Swackhammer. Died of wounds received at Get- 
tysburg. 

Robert C. Siens. Served original term. 

William Sickles. Discharged on account of wounds. 

Wm. W. Stephens. Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps. 

Jacob Sigler. Died in Field Hospital, near Atlanta. 



236 JOURNAL-IIISTOEY OF THE 

James E. Todhunter. Discharged for disability, 1863. 
David Thacker. Discharged for disability. 
Henry H. Thacker. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Alexander Yanderford. Discharged, February, 1864. 
John Weakline. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, 

1862. 
George M. Waller. Served original term. 
James P. Welman. Died of wounds, November, 1862. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1862. 

Adam Bates. Discharged on account of wounds. 

Anthony W. Ross. Served three years. 

Charles E. Aber. Deserted to the enemy. 

William E. Borden. Discharged by War Department 
Order, 1865. 

William Haines. Dropped from the rolls. 

Ai Maddux. Killed in battle, at Gettysburg. 

Joseph Barnett. Died of wounds received at Gettys- 
burg. 

Valentine Barnett. Discharged for disability, 1863. 

Richard Lewis. Dropped from the rolls. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1864. 

Garrett M. McLain. Died, Nov. 19th, 1864. 
David M. Matthews. Died at Chattanooga, 1864. 
Isaac Gray. Died at Chattanooga, March, 1864. 
John A. Donley. Served from enlistment. 
James Wilson. Died of wounds received at Resacca. 
Philip Campbell. Served from enlistment. 
Geo.'ge Hudmell. Served from enlistment. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 237 

Edwin R. Pearson. Mustered out, by War Department 

Order. 
Jacob Munnell. Served from enlistment. 
Andrew Martin. Died of wounds received at Benton- 

ville, N. C. 
Erastus S. Smith. Discharged on account of wounds. 
William J. Jackson. Deserted, August, 1864. 

MEN TRANSFERRED FROM SEVENTY-NINTH OHIO. 

John H. Adams. Mustered out with the regiment. 
John F. Adams. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Marvin E. Greathouse. Mustered out with the regi- 
ment. 
Alfred H. Graham. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Ferdinand Harsh. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Martin S. Hinkle. Mustered out w^ith the regiment. 
Benjamin Huskey. Mustered out with the regiment. 
William H. Parshall. Mustered out with the regiment. 
John H. Roof. Mustered out with the regiment. 
William J. Sears. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Robert H. Wilson. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Thomas J. Babbitt. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Jacob H. Winner. Mustered out with the regiment. 



238 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

COMPANY "H," SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO. 

ORIGINAL MEMBERS OF THE REGIMENT. 

First Sergeant George L. White. Discharged for dis- 
ability, 1864. 

First Sergeant Hiram Haning. Served three years. 

First Sergeant James Sanderson. Served full term. 

Sergeant Henry L. Robinson. Discharged for dis- 
ability, 1862. 

Sergeant Josephus Cunningham. Discharged to accept 
promotion. 

Sergeant Hiram Clay. Served three years. 

Sergeant William Clark. Served original term. 

Sergeant James M. McGee. Served full term. 

Sergeant George W. Allen. Served full term. 

Corporal James H. Lee. Killed in battle, at Gettys- 
burg. 

Corporal Hugh Reeves. Discharged for disability, 
1862. 

Corporal Charles Cunningham. Discharged for dis- 
ability, 1862. 

Corporal Madison Page. Discharged on account of 
wounds. 

Corporal Samuel Sanderson. Died at Lookout Valley. 

Corporal Thomas C. Wallace. Discharged on account 
of wounds. 

Corporal William Tewksbury. Killed in battle, at Get- 
tysburg. 

Corporal Henry A. Dixon. Discharged for disability, 
December, 1864. 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 239 

Corporal Richard Terry. Discharged on account of 

wounds, 1865. 
Corporal Edward Branham. Served from Feb., 18G4. 
Corporal Charles W. Bolby. Served from Feb., 1864. 
Corporal John W. Wilson. Died of wounds received 

at New Hope Church. 
Corporal John J. Snider. Served from Aug., 1862. 
Corporal Francis W. Sweesey. Served from Nov., 1862. 
Corporal Littleton C. Dakin. Mustered out with the 

regiment. 
George W. Arrick. Discharged for disability. 
John S. Lee. Discharged for disability. 
Lewis Baker. Discharged for disability, 1862. 
Ephraim Baker. Discharged for disability. 
John Brown. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 
Daniel Buckley. Transferred to Yet. Reserve Corps. 
Enoch Bolen. Detached in Twelfth Ohio Battery. 
John Bolen. Served original term. 
Joseph Bolen. Dropped from the rolls. 
John E. Bolen. Discharged for disability. 
James F. Bowers. Killed in battle, at Gettysburg. 
George W. Buckston. Discharged for disability, 1862. 
Jesse K. Bennett. Died of wounds, September, 1862. 
Thomas R. Cook. Detached in Twelfth Ohio Battery. 
John Carny. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Benj. F. Caruthers. Discharged on account of wounds. 
James E. Calvin. Died near Stafford C. H. Va., 1863. 
Henry Cramer. Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1862. 
John Clark. Discharged for disability, 1863. 
John W. Coffee. Discharged, 1865. 
Marion Cline. Discharged for disability, 1862. 



240 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Joseph Cline. Discharged for disability, 1862. 

William P. CottrilL Died at Clarksburg, Va., 1862. 

William K. Dunlap. Served full term. 

Gibson Dougherty. Discharged for disability, 1862. 

William D. Dixon. Dropped from the rolls. 

Wellington Doddridge. Mustered out, Dec. 29th, 1864. 

John Elder. Served full term. 

John Estell. Discharged for disability. 

Martin W. Elliott. Discharged for disability. 

Garrett Ford. Discharged for disability. 

William F. Fetherling. Died at Clarksburg, Va. 

Jacob Fetherling. Served full term. 

George Goodycounts. No record. 

David Gough. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 

John Higgins. Served full term. 

William Jack. Discharged for disability, 1862. 

James C. Kelso. Served full term. 

William Kelly. Discharged on account of wounds. 

Joshua King. No record. 

Henry Lyester. Discharged on account of wounds. 

James McKinney. Served original term. 

Cornelius McCarty. Discharged for disability, 1862. 

Thomas J. Martin. Discharged for disability. 

James W. Martin. Served original term. 

Jesse McHenry. Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps. 

William Morris. Dropped from the rolls. 

Wm. D. McVey. Died of wounds rec'd at Gettysburg. 

Joseph Merkle. Served original term. 

Amen Robinett. Dropped from the rolls. 

Davis L. Rickey. Died at Clarksburg, 1862. 

William Robinson. Killed in battle at second Bull Run. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 241 

Joseph Smith. Died at Georgetown, D. C, Dec, 1862. 
John S. Soule. Discharged for disability. 
Henry Snider. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Abraham M. Simmons. Deserted. 
Milton D. Smith. Discharged for disability. 
William Shrock. Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps. 
James W. Sperry. Discharged on account of wounds. 
James Scroggs. Dropped from the rolls. 
Andrew A. Smith. Discharged for disability, 1862. 
Isaac Stanley. Served orginal term. 
Jackson Stanley. Detached with Twelfth Ohio Bat- 
tery. 
Archless A. Stanley. Discharged for disability, 1864. 
Adam Slaughter. Discharged on account of wounds. 
David Templeton. Discharged for disability, 1862. 
Columbus B. Thompson. Dropped from the rolls. 
David Tewksbury. Died of w^ounds, May, 1864. 
Frank Thomen. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Nicholas Warner. Discharged for disability, 1862. 
Jeremiah C. Woodyard. Served original term. 
Paul Wood. Discharged for disability. 
Alfred Woodruff. Served original term. 
John Welch. Discharged on account of wounds. 
John Woods. Discharged, January, 1863. 
Anton Zimmerman. Discharged for disability, 1862. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1862. 

James Buchanan. Discharged for disability, 1864. 
Owen Grimes. Discharged for disability, 1863. 
Jacob Knece. Served from enlistment. 
20 



242 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Josiah M. Lyons. Discharged for disability, 1863. 
John H. Shaw. Served from enlistment. 
David Spung. Served from enlistment. 
Asad B. Vauter. Dropped from the rolls. 
David Whitby. Dropped from the rolls. 
William Whitby. Killed in battle, at Gettysburg. 
John S. Black. Discharged for disability, 1863. 
Lemuel McVey. Mustered out at Hospital, 1865. 
Abraham McVey. Discharged for disability, 1865. 
Solomon Daily. Served full term. 
Park Reed. Discharged for disability, 1865. 
William Woodruff. Discharged on account of wounds. 
William A. Cooper. Killed in battle, at New Hope 

Church. 
Daniel B. Ankrom. Died, January 31st, 1865. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1864. 

Stephen B. Davis. Discharged for disability. 

Andrew Dunlap. Served from enlistment. 

Peter Friece. Served from enlistment. 

William Hemmings. Served from enlistment. 

Jacob Huffman. No record. 

Jeremiah Ingram. Discharged for disability, 1864. 

James Lloyd. Discharged on account of wounds. 

Andrew McCabe. Served from enlistment. 

Jacob Myers. Mustered out July, 1865. 

Henry Miller. Served from enlistment. 

Francis M. Raburn. Discharged from Hospital, 1865. 

William Shockley. Discharged for disability, 1865. 

John W. Tull. Killed in battle, at Kenesaw Mountain. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 243 

Lewis M. Wilkins. Served from enlistment. 

Samuel C. Sharp. Discharged for disability. 

John T. Sharp. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 

Jonathan Huffman. Died at Chattanooga, 1864. 

Harvey Morgan. Served from enlistment. 

Elriah Payton. Discharged for disability, 1865. 

Joseph Spetnagle. No record. 

Joseph Tillon. Killed in battle, at New Hope Church. 

Pitts Meddow. No record. 

MEN TRANSFERRED FROM THE SEVENTY-NINTH OHIO. 

John W. Mower. Mustered out with the regiment. 
James Q. Rochhold. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Silas Spencer. Mustered out with regiment. 
John Weigand. Mustered out with Regiment. 



COMPANY "I," SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO. 

ORIGINAL MEMBERS OF THE REGIMENT. 

First Sergeant John B. Eckman. Discharged for dis- 
ability, 1862. 

First Sergeant Albert R. Hull. Killed in battle, at 
second Bull Run. 

First Sergeant Warren Hull. Discharged for disabil- 
ity, 1865. 

First Sergeant Josiah Bryan. Served full term. 

Sergeant Joseph S. McKee. Discharged for disability, 
1862. 



244 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

Sergeant Arthur T. McLean. Discharged for disabil- 
ity, 1862. 

Sergeant Benjamin Love. Died, March 16, 1862. 

Sergeant Mordecai Hunnicutt. Discharged by order 
of Secretary of War. 

Sergeant Robert H. Scott. Discharged on account of 
wounds. 

Sergeant Nelson Terry. Died of wounds received at 
New Hope Church. 

Sergeant James Withgott. Served full term. 

Sergeant Charles W. McKee. Served full term. 

Sergeant James H. Blain. Served full term. 

Sergeant William Quinn. Served full term. 

Corporal James R. Blackburn. Died, March 13, 1862. 

Corporal John L. Gray. Served original term. 

Corporal Robert R. Wallace. Discharged for disability. 

Corporal Theodore Jackman. Died of wounds received 
at second Bull Run. 

Corporal Edward D. Osborn. Discharged, Oct., 1862. 

Corporal Thornton F. Ruley. Discharged for disability. 

Corporal John A. Perry. Served original term. 

Corporal Ephraim Johnson. Served full term. 

Corporal John W. Bell. Died of wounds received in 
battle, at Bentonville, N. C. 

Corporal Jacob Eckle. Served full term. 

Corporal Gaylord Hartman. Served full term. 

Corporal Simeon Mick. Served full term. 

John W. Adams. Discharged for disability. 

Washington Araon. Discharged for disability. 

Jacob Beam. Killed in battle, at Bentonville, N. C. 

Joseph R. Blake. Killed in battle, at Gettysburg. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 245 

William T. Buckner. Discharged for disability. 

Jackson Bly. Discharged for disability. 

John Barnes. Dropped from the rolls. 

William W. Baker. Discharged for disability. 

Henry Baker. No record. 

David W. Bonner. Died of wounds received at second 

Bull Run. 
John Board. Dropped from the rolls. 
Isaac Clifton. Died at Strasburg, Va., 1862. 
Joseph C. Clark. Served full term. 
William W. Dostor. Discharged for disability. 
Spencer Davis. Discharged for disability. 
Clement J. Davis. Served full term. 
William P. Dodd. Dropped from the rolls. 
John Dixon. Discharged, November, 1862. 
Sterling East. Died, September, 1862. 
John Edmonds. Dropped from the rolls. 
Thomas J. Edmonds. Served full term. 
Daniel T. Evans. Discharged for disability. 
George Flint. Killed in battle, at Bentonville, N. C. 
James W. Ford. Discharged for disability. 
William Harper. Deserted. 

John Halterman. Killed in battle, at. second Bull Run. 
Norman Hyer. Died at Strasburg, 1862. 
John B. Haines. Died of wounds received at New 

Hope Church. 
Simeon Johnson. Served full term. 
George Keezer. Killed in battle, at Kenesaw Mount. 
Isaac N. Lucas. Died, September, 1862. 
Benjamin Lucas. Died, July, 1863. 
Charles Lee. Killed in battle, at New Hope Church. 



246 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

James Lytle. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 

Andrew Miller. Killed in battle, at Gettysburg. 

Samuel E. Mackey. Transferred to Seventh Ohio Cav. 

Joseph C. McLaen. Transferred to Vet. Res. Corps. 

Henry Mader. Served full term. 

"William Overholt. Killed in battle, at Gettysburg. 

Marshall Phillips. Served full term. 

William Parker. Dropped from the rolls. 

John H. Rutherford. Discharged for disability. 

Amos Ross. Served full term. 

Christopher Shultz. Taken prisoner, 1862. Never 

heard from. 
Robert W. Scott. Discharged for disability. 
Oliver T. Scott. Mustered out at Hospital, 1865. 
William Stoops. Dropped from the rolls. 
Sylvester Sampson. Served full term. 
Lawrence Scully. Discharged for disability. 
Jacob Van Gundy. Discharged on account of wounds. 
Joseph P. Vanpelt. Served full term. 
Simon Vanpelt. Served full term. 
William Williams. Killed in battle, at Gettysburg. 
George A. Wilson. Killed in battle, at second Bull Run. 
Nelson Withgott. Died of wounds at Lookout Valley. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1862. 

John Borer. Discharged for disability. 

John Harper. Discharged on account of wounds. 

John M. Lockwood. Died from wounds received at 

Dallas, Ga. 
Thomas J. McClellan. Served from enlistment. 
Thomas J. Strupper. Served from enlistment. 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INEANTEY. 247 



MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1864. 

Stewart B. Depoj. Mustered out, July, 1865. 
George W. Baughman. Died of wounds received at 

Bentonville. 
Samuel J. Belong. Dropped from the rolls. 
Thomas J. Follis. Served from enlistment. 
Martin Flowers. Served from enlistment. 
Owen Hines. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 
John W. Harvey. Died, June, 1864. 
John H. Kroetzer. Discharged on account of wounds. 
William Nutt. Dropped from the rolls. 
Duncan Ross. Dropped from the rolls. 
William Rinehart. Died of wounds received at Dallas. 
Jacob Shoemaker. No record. 
Julius Sheeler. Died, June 21st, 1864. 
Alexander S. Stiers. Dropped from the rolls. 
Robert E. Toole. Discharged on account of wounds. 

MEN TRANSFERRED FROM THE SEVENTY-NINTH OHIO. 

Thomas A. Cook. Mustered out with the regiment. 
John Beck. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Henry C. Campbell. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Oliver S. Garrison. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Thomas Harrison. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Thomas Lamb. Mustered out with the regiment. 
George Mc. Taylor. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Franklin McGrath. Mustered out with the regiment. 
William Swirkin. Mustered out with the regiment. 



248 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

John W. Fadden. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Isaac Wiley. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Reuben Wood. Mustered out with the regiment. 
John W. Wilson. Mustered out with the regiment. 



COMPANY *'K/' SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO. 

ORIGINAL MEMBERS OF THE REGIMENT. 

First Sergeant Theodore E. Lockwood. Served full 
term. 

Sergeant Richard J. Watts. Discharged for disability. 

Sergeant John D. Miles. Discharged for disability. 

Sergeant William H. Myers, sen. Served full term. 

Sergeant William H. Myers, jun. Served from Feb- 
ruary, 1864. 

Sergeant James J. Lawhead. Deserted, 1863. 

Sergeant Alexander Creighton. Served full term. 

Sergeant Philip Miller. Discharged as parolled pris- 
oner, 1865. 

Corporal David Armstrong. Discharged for disability. 

Corporal Dennis Timmoney. Discharged, Jan., 1863. 

Corporal Jacob Hawk. Died, Sept., 1862. 

Corporal Benjamin Cooley. Died of wounds received 
at second Bull Run. 

Corporal Theodore T. Watts. Discharged for disability. 

Corporal Abraham Van Buskirk. Discharged for dis- 
ability. 

Corporal Austin T. Bobo. Killed in Battle at Lookout 
Valley. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 249 

Corporal Stephen T. Hull. Transferred to Veteran 
Reserve Corps. 

Corporal Gaines Wiltshire. Killed in battle, at Ken- 
esaw Mountain. 

Corporal Charles H. Chalker. Transferred to Veteran 
Reserve Corps. 

Corporal Lemuel H. Ferris. Discharged for disability. 

Corporal John W. Hutchinson. Discharged on ac- 
count of wounds. 

Corporal Lybrand Chestnut. Served full term. 

Corporal Jerome Lysinger. Discharged for disability, 
. 1865. 

Corporal Robert McMasters. Served full term. 

Corporal Simeon Witham. Served full term. 

Corporal John Wilson. Mustered out with regiment. 

Corporal Francis Ward. Mustered out with regiment. 

Corporal Simon L. Yost. Served full term, 

Jonas E. Andrews. Killed in battle, at Atlanta. 

Richard Bobo. Served original term. 

John Bloom. Served full term. 

Edward Barlow. Died at Franklin, Va., 1862. 

William T. Butts. Discharged on account of wounds. 

William Burley. Died of wounds received at Lookout 
Valley. 

Richard Bond. Dropped from the rolls. 

Prince B. Bobo. Discharged for disability. 

Jewett Barnes. Discharged for disability. 

Samuel Calhoun. Discharged for disability, 1865. 

John W. Curtis. Served full term. 

Daniel Chestnut. Transferred to Twenty-sixth Ohio. 

Joseph Carpenter. Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps. 
21 



250 JOUKNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

June Oarsey. Killed in battle, at Cross Keys. 
Elephas Carpenter. Died, September, 1862. 
John Colbert. Dropped from the rolls. 
William Collins. Discharged for disability. 
Rensalaer Carpenter. Served full term. 
Reuben R. Cooley. Discharged for diability. 
Hiram Daily. Discharged on account of wounds. 
John W. Dye. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 
Benjamin Ellis. Died, July, 1863. 
Herman Frost. Served original term. 
Joseph Fulton. Discharged for disability. 
Lewis Horton. Discharged for disability. 
William Hutchinson. Dropped from the rolls. 
Moses E. Hamilton. Died at Wilmington, N. C. 
Charles Kimball. Discharged on account of wounds 

1865. 
James Konkoskia. Discharged at Hospital, 1865. 
Jacob Konkoskia. Discharged for disability. 
William King. Killed in battle, at Atlanta. 
Peter Laur. Served full term. 
Alexander McDowell. Dropped from the rolls. 
Thomas McKinley. Discharged on account of wounds. 
William McKinley. Killed in battle, at second Bull 

Run. 
Clarence Miles. Died, December 1, 1863. 
David S. McCoy. Died in rebel prison. 
Harrison Morrison. Killed in battle, at Port Republic. 
Enoch Mansfield. Died at Clarksburg, Ya., 1862. 
John McDonald. Killed in battle, at Lookout Valley. 
Washington Moore. Discharged on acconnt of wounds. 
Rice Morrison. Served original term. 



SEVENTY- THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. ,151 

Anthony Palmer. Died of wounds received at Gettys- 
burg. 

John Paulus. Discharged for disability, 1865. 

Lorain Parsons. Served full term. 

Sardine X. Paulk. Mustered out, July, 1865. 

Charles E. Price. Killed in battle, at Lookout Valley. 

Thomas Reid. Died of wounds received at Lookout 
Valley. 

Joseph Runnels. Killed in battle, at Rosacea, Ga. 

Joseph Reid. Served full term. 

Uriah Six. Dropped from the rolls. 

Michael Thorn. Detached with the Twelfth Ohio Bat- 
tery. 

Henry Wiltshire. Served full term. 

Henry Wetherby. Discharged for disability, 1862. 

Fordice Wilford. Killed in battle, at second Bull Run. 

Andrew J. Williams. Died, Feb. 26th, 1862. 

John R. Wetherby. Discharged from Hospital, 1865. 

John E. Woodyard. Detached with Twelfth Ohio Bat- 
tery. 

James Watts. Killed in battle, at second Bull Run. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1862. 

Benjamin Ellis. Died, July, 1863. 

Charles A. Kilvert. Discharged by order Sec. of War. 

Joseph Bishop. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. 

Alden Buck. Died of wounds received at Gettysburg. 

Rensalaer Graham. Discharged for disability. 

Benjamin Hart. Died, March 14th, 1862. 

Isaac M. Wetherby. Died, October, 1864. 



252 JOURNAL-HISTORY OF THE 

David Wilford. Died of wounds received at second 
Hull Run. 

Wellington Wetherby. Discharged for disability, 1862. 

Samuel W. Hull. Discharged for disability. 

John W. Hunkerford. Transferred to Veteran Re- 
serve Corps. 

Francis Munns. Died of accidental wounds, 1863. 

Alpheus McGrath. Discharged for disability, 1863. 

William Munns. Discharged for disability. 

William W. Persons. Died at Falmouth, Va., 1863. 

John H. Sinclair. Discharged at Hospital, 1865. 

James Walker. Died, March 18th, 1864. 

Syrel Lake. Died at Nashville, January, 1864 . 

John M. Martin. Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps. 

Isaac Williams. Died, July 12th, 1862. 

Robert S. Burnham. Died, Nov. 18th, 1864. 

MEN JOINED FOR DUTY IN 1864. 

John M. Harris. Served from enlistment. 

John O'Conner. Dropped from the rolls. 

Nathan L. Paulk. Died at Lookout Valley. 

Curtis A. Rodgers. Served from enlistment. 

Willis Shattuck. Served from enlistment. 

Allen J. Sutton. Served from enlistment. 

John T. Young. Discharged from Hospital, 1865. 

John A. Baston. Discharged, 1865. 

Joseph Johnson. Transferred to Vet. Reserve Corps. 

William Moore. Served from enlistment. 

David H. Smith. Served from enlistment. 

William A. Smith. Discharged, July, 1864. 



SEVENTY-THIRD OHIO VOL. INFANTRY. 253 

Emanuel Shaffer. Served from enlistment. 
William H* Weaver. Dropped from the rolls 

MEN TRANSFERRED FROM THE SEVENTY-NINTH OHIO. 

Henry Jones. Mustered out with the regiment. 
James Pickett. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Elias Reader. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Martin Reader. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Henry Seal. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Robert Siens. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Henry Snider. Mustered out with the regiment. 
George West. Mustered out with the regiment. 



8UMMABT. 



Field Officers 5 

Staff Officers 14 

Line Officers 61 

Non-commissioned Staff 9 

First Sergeants 23 

Sergeants 82 

Corporals 151 

Privates ■. 1,045 

Commissioned Officers 80 

Enlisted Men 1,310 

Members of the Regiment 1,390 



CASUALTIES. 

Killed in Battle 95 

Died of Wounds 61 

Died of Disease, etc 129 



Dead of the Regiment 285 

Wounded — not fatally 568 



Ai r^Tt n 



